Question 1

First-born children score higher on intelligence tests than later-born children.

Accepted Answer

Research studies have found a small but significant difference in intelligence scores between first-born children and later-born children, with first-borns usually scoring higher. This is attributed to factors such as the undivided attention and resources provided by parents before the arrival of siblings, and the role of first-borns as "teachers" to younger siblings. It should be noted that the difference in intelligence scores is not drastic and there are many other factors that can influence intelligence besides birth order.

Question 2

Doug and Meredith are getting divorced, and they have one son in elementary school and one daughter in middle-school. Explain what they can do to limit the amount of problems their children will have with this impending divorce.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Doug and Meredith are getting divorced, and...

Question 3

The concept of "she thinks that he thinks that" is best associated with _______________ thinking. ​

Accepted Answer

The answer of The concept of "she thinks that he...

Question 4

Describe parental and environmental risk factors for child maltreatment. Then discuss factors that appear to mediate the impact of abuse. ​

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe parental and environmental risk factors for...

Question 5

Use your own school experiences to provide examples of school-based cliques and crowds and the concept of dominance hierarchy. If you cannot think of a specific instance, make one up. ​

Accepted Answer

The answer of Use your own school experiences to provide...

Question 6

_______________ is having a negative view of others based on their membership in a specific group.

Accepted Answer

The answer of _______________ is having a negative view of...

Question 7

Divorce is more difficult for adolescent children than for preschool children.

Accepted Answer

Adolescent children have a greater understanding of the situation and may feel more responsible for the divorce. They may also be more aware of the changes in family dynamics and may struggle with emotions such as anger, guilt, and sadness. Pre-school children, on the other hand, may not fully comprehend the situation and may not experience the same level of emotional turmoil.

Question 8

Describe how marital relationships, a child's age, and a child's temperament all contribute to the manner in which a parent "parents" a child. ​

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe how marital relationships, a child's age,...

Question 9

Contrast the following terms: negative reinforcement trap, punishment, and time-out. Which technique seems to be the most effective?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Contrast the following terms: negative reinforcement trap,...

Question 10

Poverty is a risk factor for child maltreatment.

Accepted Answer

Research has consistently shown that poverty is a risk factor for child maltreatment. Families living in poverty face a number of stressors such as limited access to resources, insecure housing, high levels of debt, and unemployment, which can increase the likelihood of child abuse and neglect.

Question 11

Some people have referred to television as the "boob tube," their point being that too much television will result in cognitive impairments or socially unacceptable behaviors in children and adolescents. Present a fair and balanced response to this notion by first discussing some possible negative effects of television viewing and then evidence suggesting the possibility of positive outcomes from watching television. ​

Accepted Answer

The answer of Some people have referred to television as...

Question 12

When aggression is unprovoked and appears to be solely done for the purpose of humiliation, harassment, or intimidation, it is best classified as _______________ aggression.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When aggression is unprovoked and appears to...

Question 13

Dwight is very prejudiced against African Americans. Use research from your text to describe two methods you might use to attempt to reduce this prejudice.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Dwight is very prejudiced against African Americans....

Question 14

Compare popular, rejected, controversial, and neglected children. Explain how parenting style contributes to the development of these groups of children.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compare popular, rejected, controversial, and neglected children....

Question 15

Parents can reduce sibling issues by showing similar levels of affection and responsiveness to all their children.

Accepted Answer

By showing similar levels of affection and responsiveness to all their children, parents can reduce feelings of jealousy and competition between siblings, ultimately decreasing the likelihood of sibling issues.

Question 16

Child abuse is more prevalent in the United States than in countries that do not condone physically punishing children.

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that countries that do not allow physical punishment of children have lower rates of child abuse. In contrast, the United States is among the few developed countries that still allow physical punishment of children and has higher rates of child abuse.

Question 17

Clive is a developmentally typical child. Give examples of how the description of his best friend might differ when Clive is 3, 10, and 16 years old. ​

Accepted Answer

The answer of Clive is a developmentally typical child. Give...

Question 18

Are only children more like first-borns or later-borns? Explain. ​

Accepted Answer

The answer of Are only children more like first-borns or...

Question 19

Friendship involves mutual and voluntary liking.

Accepted Answer

Friendship is a relationship of mutual affection and liking between two people, which is based on trust, respect, and shared interests. It is a voluntary relationship that involves a willingness to give and receive support, care, and understanding.

Question 20

A "blended" family must consist of at least two people from different racial/ethnic backgrounds.

Accepted Answer

A blended family can consist of two or more individuals from different family units or households joining together to form a new family, regardless of their racial or ethnic backgrounds.

Quiz 7: Expanding Social Horizons: Socioemotional Development in Middle Childhood