Question 1

Identify and explain the four sources of cultural change discussed in your text. Provide an example of each.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Identify and explain the four sources of...

Question 2

Mores are

Accepted Answer

Mores are strict norms that control moral and ethical behavior, and they are generally upheld through social pressure or punishment rather than laws. A is incorrect because mores are not necessarily ordinary customs, but rather specific norms that are considered essential to a society's moral fabric. C is partially correct, as some mores may be reinforced through legal systems, but this is not always the case. D is incorrect because not all mores provide strict codes of behavior, but rather serve as guidelines for ethical conduct.

Question 3

According to researchers who study culture and language,

Accepted Answer

Researchers who study culture and language have found that language greatly affects people's perception of reality. Different cultures and languages can have different words for the same concept, and these words can carry different connotations and meanings. This can shape how people think about and understand the world around them. For example, using outdated or stigmatizing language like "handicapped" can impact how people with disabilities are perceived and treated. Similarly, using accurate and respectful terms for race can help promote understanding and combat prejudice.

Question 4

What is the relationship between language and social inequality?

Accepted Answer

Language is intertwined with social inequality because it can be used to reinforce existing power structures and reproduce inequalities. For example, certain dialects or accents may be stigmatized or associated with lower social status. Additionally, certain words or phrases may be used to reinforce biases or negative stereotypes about particular groups.

Question 5

Which theoretical approach focuses on understanding taken-for-granted behaviors, such as those associated with following social norms, and might further that understanding by deliberately violating social norms and observing what happens?

Accepted Answer

Ethnomethodology focuses on understanding taken-for-granted behaviors and social norms by deliberately violating them and observing what happens. Dramaturgy focuses on understanding how individuals perform and present themselves in social situations. Exchange theory focuses on the exchange of resources in social interactions. Impression management refers to the ways individuals try to influence how others perceive them.

Question 6

Through ethnomethodological research, sociologists have learned all of the following except

Accepted Answer

The statement "social norms are less important among children than adults" is not a finding of ethnomethodological research.

Question 7

Which of the following statements about values is true?

Accepted Answer

Values are ideals that guide behavior and form abstract standards for group behavior. However, they may not always be fully realized, and there can be tension within society when different values conflict. Option A is incorrect because values can guide behavior, although they are abstract. Option B is incorrect because values can be a significant source of tension when different groups within a society hold different values. Option D is incorrect because disagreements can arise from differences in both values and mores/folkways.

Question 8

What is the relationship between other animals and humans, according to scientists?

Accepted Answer

Other animals do not possess the complex symbol-based communication and understanding systems that humans do, which is a significant distinction in the study of animal behavior and human societies. This difference highlights the unique aspects of human social behavior and cognition.

Question 9

Which of the following statements about values is true?

Accepted Answer

Values are beliefs or principles that guide behavior and decision making. They define what is considered desirable and morally correct. They provide a framework for individuals and societies to make decisions about what is right and wrong, good and bad. While there may be instances where values conflict and cause tension, overall they serve as important guides for behavior.

Question 10

. The richness of American culture stems from

Accepted Answer

American culture is a mix of various traditions and practices that have been brought by different groups of people who have settled in the country over the years. This cultural diversity has contributed to the richness of American culture.

Question 11

Two classic cultural concepts associated with the work of William Graham Sumner are

Accepted Answer

William Graham Sumner is known for his work on folkways and mores, which are two classic cultural concepts. Folkways are everyday norms that people follow without much thought or consequence for breaking them, while mores are strongly held beliefs and values that are considered essential for the welfare of a society. Sumner argued that both folkways and mores help to maintain social order, but that mores are more important because they are necessary for survival.

Question 12

Sociologists define beliefs as

Accepted Answer

Sociologists define beliefs as shared ideas held collectively by people within a given culture about what is true. Beliefs are not necessarily strict norms or codified guidelines, but rather they are the shared understandings of what is considered to be factual or true within a particular community.

Question 13

America's dominant culture is characterized by which of the following?

Accepted Answer

The dominant culture in America is often described as the "middle-class culture," as this group holds significant economic and social power. This culture is characterized by values such as individualism, hard work, and respect for authority. While diversity is certainly present in America, it is not necessarily a defining characteristic of the dominant culture. Later-arriving immigrants and specific ethnic groups, such as Asians and Latin Americans, may have their own unique cultural practices, but they are not representative of the dominant culture as a whole.

Question 14

The strength or seriousness of social sanctions is

Accepted Answer

Sociologists generally recognize that social sanctions are lighter for violations of folkways than violations of mores. Folkways are traditional norms that govern everyday behavior, whereas mores are more serious norms that relate to moral behavior. Therefore, violations of mores are typically subject to more severe social sanctions.

Question 15

How does language influence patterns of social inequality?

Accepted Answer

Language is a powerful tool that can perpetuate stereotypes and assumptions about different social groups. For example, using gendered language that assumes men are more competent than women can contribute to gender inequality in the workplace. Similarly, using racial slurs or other derogatory language can further marginalize already disadvantaged groups. Therefore, language has the potential to reinforce social inequalities and power dynamics.

Question 16

Individuals who sexually assault children are often severely sanctioned. Such severe sanctions are a result of their having broken a

Accepted Answer

The act of sexually assaulting children is considered a taboo, which is a social or cultural prohibition or restriction. Taboos are typically viewed as a violation of a society's most fundamental norms and values, and are often met with strong disapproval and severe sanctions.

Question 17

As an element of culture, language is important because

Accepted Answer

language enables a person to become a part of society by allowing communication and understanding between individuals, it permits the formation of culture as it facilitates the sharing of ideas and values, and it enables us to learn social skills as it allows us to communicate and interact with others in various settings.

Question 18

The Sapir-Whorf hypothesis suggests that

Accepted Answer

The Sapir-Whorf hypothesis proposes that language shapes our perception of reality and provides the lens through which we define social reality. It suggests that our thoughts and behaviors are influenced by the language we use. Therefore, option B is the correct choice.

Question 19

Which of the following statements is false with regard to beliefs?

Accepted Answer

Beliefs do not necessarily need to be true in order for them to guide human behavior. In fact, many beliefs are based on subjective interpretations and perspectives, and may not have any objective basis in reality. It is the shared acceptance and adherence to these beliefs that lead to their guiding influence in human behavior.

Question 20

The Smith family always has the latest model of luxury vehicles even though they don't really need new vehicles every year. They also have the latest smartphones, tablets, and e-readers and a wide range of other luxury goods that they often manage to display to others. The Smith family is engaging in

Accepted Answer

The Smith family's behavior of displaying their luxury goods to others and constantly buying the latest models indicates that they are engaging in conspicuous consumption, which is the act of spending money on lavish goods and services to display economic power or social status.

Quiz 2: Culture

Identify and explain the four sources of cultural change discussed in your text. Provide an example of each.

Mores are

According to researchers who study culture and language,

What is the relationship between language and social inequality?

Which theoretical approach focuses on understanding taken-for-granted behaviors, such as those associated with following social norms, and might further that understanding by deliberately violating social norms and observing what happens?

Through ethnomethodological research, sociologists have learned all of the following except

Which of the following statements about values is true?

What is the relationship between other animals and humans, according to scientists?

Which of the following statements about values is true?

. The richness of American culture stems from

Two classic cultural concepts associated with the work of William Graham Sumner are

Sociologists define beliefs as

America's dominant culture is characterized by which of the following?

The strength or seriousness of social sanctions is

How does language influence patterns of social inequality?

Individuals who sexually assault children are often severely sanctioned. Such severe sanctions are a result of their having broken a

As an element of culture, language is important because

The Sapir-Whorf hypothesis suggests that

Which of the following statements is false with regard to beliefs?