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A 54-Year-Old Woman Who Recently Received a Renal Transplant Comes

Question 86

Multiple Choice

A 54-year-old woman who recently received a renal transplant comes to the emergency department due to fevers and malaise for the past 24 hours.  She also has had a cough productive of yellow sputum over the past 2 days.  No one around her has similar symptoms.
Three weeks ago, the patient underwent cadaveric renal transplant for long-standing renal disease.  Her immediate postsurgical course was uneventful, and she was extubated 3 days after surgery.  Her other medical problems include gastroesophageal reflux, hyperlipidemia, and eczema.
After the transplantation, she moved in with her sister, who had just donated her 2 cats to a local pet store.  The patient does not use tobacco or alcohol.  Her current medications include prednisone, tacrolimus, mycophenolate, valganciclovir, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, pravastatin, and omeprazole.  She has no known drug allergies.
Her temperature is 38.5 C (101.3 F) , blood pressure is 130/80 mm Hg, pulse is 98/min, and respirations are 18/min.  Pulse oximetry shows oxygen saturation of 95% on room air.  Breath sounds are decreased in the left lung base with mild wheezing over the upper lung fields bilaterally.  Her abdomen is soft and nontender without a palpable spleen tip.  Neurologic examination is within normal limits.
Laboratory results are as follows:
A 54-year-old woman who recently received a renal transplant comes to the emergency department due to fevers and malaise for the past 24 hours.  She also has had a cough productive of yellow sputum over the past 2 days.  No one around her has similar symptoms. Three weeks ago, the patient underwent cadaveric renal transplant for long-standing renal disease.  Her immediate postsurgical course was uneventful, and she was extubated 3 days after surgery.  Her other medical problems include gastroesophageal reflux, hyperlipidemia, and eczema. After the transplantation, she moved in with her sister, who had just donated her 2 cats to a local pet store.  The patient does not use tobacco or alcohol.  Her current medications include prednisone, tacrolimus, mycophenolate, valganciclovir, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, pravastatin, and omeprazole.  She has no known drug allergies. Her temperature is 38.5 C (101.3 F) , blood pressure is 130/80 mm Hg, pulse is 98/min, and respirations are 18/min.  Pulse oximetry shows oxygen saturation of 95% on room air.  Breath sounds are decreased in the left lung base with mild wheezing over the upper lung fields bilaterally.  Her abdomen is soft and nontender without a palpable spleen tip.  Neurologic examination is within normal limits. Laboratory results are as follows:   Chest-x ray reveals a left lower lobe infiltrate. Which of the following is the most likely cause of her condition? A) Cytomegalovirus B) Nocardia asteroides C) Pasteurella multocida D) Pneumocystis jirovecii E) Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Chest-x ray reveals a left lower lobe infiltrate.
Which of the following is the most likely cause of her condition?


A) Cytomegalovirus
B) Nocardia asteroides
C) Pasteurella multocida
D) Pneumocystis jirovecii
E) Pseudomonas aeruginosa

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