Question 1

Discuss the objectives of civic reformers, the means by which they sought to achieve those objectives, and the effectiveness of their efforts.

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Question 2

Discuss the similarities and differences between the Knights of Labor and the American Federation of Labor in relation to ideology, organization, membership, and goals. Why was the American Federation of Labor ultimately more successful than the Knights of Labor? How did unions seek to address workers' grievances, and were they successful?

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Question 3

Trace the corporate consolidation movement in late-nineteenth-century American society, and explain why businessmen felt the need for larger forms of economic concentration.

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Question 4

In the late nineteenth century, several states passed laws designed to ease working conditions. Discuss the major rulings handed down by the Supreme Court in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries in response to these laws.

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Question 5

Discuss the popularity of organized sports in American society in the late 1800s and early 1900s.

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Question 6

Discuss the social and economic impact of electric-powered streetcars, elevators, and subways on the American city in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.

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Question 7

Explain the position of women in the work force and in the union movement in the late nineteenth century.

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Question 8

Discuss changes in the nature of work and working conditions that occurred during the late nineteenth century, including the role of Frederick Taylor. What impact did these changes have on American workers?

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Question 9

Discuss the problems of housing and sanitation in American cities in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, and explain and evaluate the responses of private citizens and state and local governments to these problems.

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Question 10

Discuss the Haymarket riot, the Homestead strike, and the Pullman strike, and examine the reaction of the government and the public to these instances of labor unrest.

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Question 11

Examine the urban experiences of African Americans in late-nineteenth- and early-twentieth-century America.

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Question 12

Contrast the concept of cultural pluralism with the traditional concept of America as a melting pot. Discuss the social and political impact of America's cultural diversity on American society.

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Question 13

Discuss the characteristics of the immigrants who entered the United States between 1880 and 1920, and examine the impact these immigrants and American society had on each other.

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Question 14

Discuss the means by which individuals could achieve social mobility in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. How effective were they? Were they more effective for some groups than for others? Why or why not?

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Question 15

Examine Social Darwinism as well as the growing demand in the late nineteenth century that something be done about the power of big business; indicate the result of this demand; and assess the effectiveness of this result in controlling big business by 1900.

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Question 16

Compare and contrast individual life patterns in the late 1880s with those that existed by 1920.

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Question 17

Explain the variety of ways in which Americans made use of increased leisure time in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. To what segments of the population did the different forms of leisure appeal?

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Question 18

Explain the emergence of urban political machines and political bosses, and discuss the characteristics of the political bosses and the political system they operated.

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