Question 1

Informal reading inventories typically provide all the following information, EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

Informal reading inventories usually do not provide high tech options for reading instruction, but they do provide information on general reading skill levels, types of errors a student makes, and general comprehension levels.

Question 2

All of the following are components of fluent reading, EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

Error-free reading is not considered a component of fluent reading. Fluent reading focuses on the pace, accuracy, and expression of reading, rather than the absence of errors. Fluency involves being able to read smoothly and with understanding, and making occasional errors does not necessarily disrupt fluency as long as the reader can self-correct and understand the text.

Question 3

Reading Interest Inventories can accomplish all of the following, EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

Reading Interest Inventories are not designed to compare the age level at which a student reads to a random sample of peers. Rather, they are designed to determine a student's reading interests, preferences, and habits. The other options are all valid outcomes of using Reading Interest Inventories.

Question 4

Encouraging students to listen to or read a chunk of materials then summarize or ______________ it in their own words is a useful strategy to help diverse students increase comprehension skills.

Accepted Answer

Paraphrasing requires students to reword the information they heard or read without changing the meaning. This helps them to process and understand the material better. It also challenges them to use their own words and build their vocabulary.

Question 5

Students can build vocabulary by systematically using all of the following techniques to find out meanings of unknown words, EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

Assessing how important the word is in everyday use may help students prioritize which words to focus on, but it does not directly contribute to learning the meanings of unknown words. The other techniques listed (using context, learning tools, and structural analysis) are all effective ways to determine the meaning of unfamiliar words.

Question 6

Most students need instruction in the writing process and benefit from the use of all of the following, EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

Echo reading is a strategy used for improving reading fluency and comprehension, but it does not directly relate to the writing process. The other three choices (graphic organizers, outlines, and writing strategies) are all helpful tools for planning, organizing, and executing written work.

Question 7

All of the following factors affect a learner's reading comprehension, EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

Gender and ethnicity are not factors that affect a learner's reading comprehension. However, factors such as background knowledge, level of interest, and knowledge of language (including vocabulary) can impact a learner's reading comprehension.

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT an informal reading assessment?​

Accepted Answer

The Dynamic Indicators of Basic Literacy Skills (DIBELS) is a standardized, formal assessment tool, whereas the other options are informal assessments.

Question 9

Which of the following writing strategies would be LEAST beneficial for a student with a cognitive disability?​

Accepted Answer

Creating their own mnemonic and graphic organizer might be less beneficial for a student with a cognitive disability because it requires a higher level of abstract thinking and organizational skills, which could be challenging for these students. Direct instruction, cloze procedures, and slot outlines provide more structured support.

Question 10

Listening to the sound and patterns in poetry, songs, chants, and rhymes is beneficial in promoting __________________.​

Accepted Answer

Listening to the sound and patterns in poetry, songs, chants, and rhymes helps develop phonemic awareness, which is the ability to hear and manipulate individual sounds in words. This skill is essential for developing strong reading and writing skills.

Question 11

Which of the following statements regarding second language learners is NOT based on factual information?

Accepted Answer

Academic language skills are generally more complex and take longer to develop than social language skills. Second language learners typically acquire social language skills before they develop academic language skills.

Question 12

Fernald's 'say, spell, then trace the word with one finger' spelling strategy can be adapted to a variety of learning styles by having students trace the word:​

Accepted Answer

All of the choices are correct because students have different learning styles and for some, tracing in a tray of salt may work better than tracing in the air or on a student's back. Allowing for multiple options allows students to choose the one that works best for them.

Question 13

Dolch sight word lists are typically used in assessing:​

Accepted Answer

Dolch sight word lists are used to assess a child's word recognition skills, as they contain high-frequency words that should be instantly recognized by sight. They are not typically used in assessing phonemic awareness, spelling accuracy, or fluency.

Question 14

When teachers model the _____________ strategy, the teacher purposefully speaks aloud as she thinks through the steps in identifying an unknown word, making meaning of a passage, or handling other trouble spots in reading.

Accepted Answer

Modeling the thinking aloud strategy involves a teacher verbally sharing their thought process as they approach different aspects of reading. This allows students to see and hear the thinking and problem-solving strategies that successful readers use.

Question 15

A _____________ allows the learner to analyze a word through its definition, synonyms, antonyms, mnemonics, and context.​

Accepted Answer

A word map is a graphic organizer that allows learners to analyze a word by looking at its definition, synonyms, antonyms, mnemonics, and context. It is a useful tool for vocabulary acquisition and comprehension. Electronic and talking pens are devices that can provide definitions and pronunciations of words, but they do not include the additional information that a word map provides. A reading pen is a similar device to a talking pen, which reads text aloud to a learner to assist with reading, but it does not provide information on words in the same way as a word map.

Question 16

Which of the following is an example of a balanced literacy approach to adapting instructional resources to meet the needs of struggling readers?​

Accepted Answer

Using a menu of choices based on universal themes/ideas through which to guide and differentiate instruction allows for a balanced literacy approach where students can choose reading materials that interest them and match their reading level, while still focusing on key concepts and themes. This approach also allows for differentiation and personalized instruction to meet the needs of struggling readers.

Question 17

If a teacher has used both formal and informal reading assessments and still is not clear as to why the student is struggling, a __________ assessment could help in identifying the problem.

Accepted Answer

A language assessment can help identify if the struggles stem from language comprehension or processing issues, which might not be evident through just formal and informal reading assessments.

Question 18

Many learners find spelling a real challenge for all the following reasons, EXCEPT: imany cases, the way a word is spelled does not directly correspond to its sounds.

Accepted Answer

The acceptable spelling of words typically varies across school districts, i.e. organization vs. organisation; bank vs. banque is not a reason why many learners find spelling a challenge. The other options are valid reasons why spelling is difficult for many learners.

Question 19

Today's literacy instruction connects __________ from the start.​

Accepted Answer

Literacy instruction involves not only reading but also writing. Therefore, connecting reading with writing from the start can enhance students' literacy skills. While speaking and listening are also important skills, they are not necessarily connected to literacy instruction in the same way as reading and writing. Similarly, while spelling is important in literacy instruction, it is only a component of writing and not as closely tied to reading as writing is.

Question 20

Teachers can help students increase their reading fluency in all of the following ways, EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

Providing reading passages that are two grade levels above the student's independent reading level can actually hinder fluency development, as the student may struggle with decoding and comprehension. Therefore, this option is not a helpful way to increase reading fluency. The other options are effective strategies for improving reading fluency.

Quiz 13: Creating Literacy Rich Environments for All Learners