Question 1

Relative to a Design of Experiments the term Collinear refers to variables being a ________________ of each other.

Accepted Answer

Collinearity refers to a situation where one independent variable can be expressed as a linear combination of other independent variables. It means that the predictor variables are highly correlated, making it difficult to determine their individual effects on the response variable. This violates the assumption of independence of predictor variables in a Design of Experiments. Therefore, collinear variables should be removed or combined to create a new composite variable.

Question 2

If an experiment has 5 factors and no replicates for a 2-level Experimental Design with 16 experimental runs which statement(s) are correct? (Note: There are 3 correct answers).

Accepted Answer

The answer of If an experiment has 5 factors and...

Question 3

Each of the items listed would impact the Process Capability for a process with a continuous output except ___________________.

Accepted Answer

Process Technology would not impact the Process Capability for a process with a continuous output as it refers to the machinery, tools and techniques used for manufacturing the product, whereas Process Capability is a measure of how well the process is performing in terms of meeting specifications and customer requirements. The shape of process data distribution, process standard deviation, and seasonal variation in process would impact the Process Capability for a process with a continuous output.

Question 4

A ___________ problem in the Measurement System suggests that there is a lack of consistency in the measurement over time.

Accepted Answer

Stability problems in the Measurement System refer to a lack of consistency over time, which means that there might be a drift or a shift in the measurements. Linearity problems in the Measurement System refer to a lack of consistency for a range of values, while bias problems refer to a lack of accuracy in the measurement due to a systematic error in the measurement device. Magnitude problems refer to a lack of sensitivity or resolution, which can affect the precision of the measurement.

Question 5

Accuracy can be assessed in several ways and a fairly accurate means of measurement is visual comparison.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Accuracy can be assessed in several ways...

Question 6

The Lean toolbox includes all of the following items except __________.

Accepted Answer

Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) are not typically considered a tool within the Lean toolbox, which focuses on continuous improvement and efficiency methods like Poke-Yoke, Kaizen, and 5S.

Question 7

Appropriate measures means that measurements are ______________.

Accepted Answer

Appropriate measures mean that the measurements should be representative, sufficient, contextual, and relevant. All of these answers are correct because they are all important aspects of ensuring that the measurements are appropriate for the situation at hand. The measures should accurately represent the phenomenon being measured, be sufficient in terms of sample size and frequency of measurement, be contextualized within the broader context of the research or problem being addressed, and be relevant to the goals and objectives of the project.

Question 8

Measurement __________ is defined as the difference between the observed and the expected values for a given set of data.

Accepted Answer

The definition given in the question matches the concept of bias. Therefore, the correct answer is D. Breadth, linearity, and range are all concepts related to measurement but do not match the given definition.

Question 9

Questions that can be best answered by a Visual Factory include all of these except _____________________.

Accepted Answer

Questions related to scrap levels may require data analysis rather than visual observation.

Question 10

What aspects of Measurement Systems Analysis (MSA) studies are applicable when the process used to measure does not damage the part?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What aspects of Measurement Systems Analysis (MSA)...

Question 11

What is the Ppk of a process with a spread of 24 units, an average of 68, an upper limit of 82 and a lower limit of 54?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the Ppk of a process...

Question 12

How many experimental runs exist in a Full Factorial and fully randomized design for 5 factors with 2 replicates for the Corner Points and no Center Points?  The factors in the experiment are only at 2-levels.

Accepted Answer

The answer of How many experimental runs exist in a...

Question 13

For Attribute Data, Process Capability is defined as the average proportion of nonconforming products.

Accepted Answer

Process Capability for Attribute Data is defined as the average proportion of nonconforming products.

Question 14

In a good Measurement System the most variation will be with part-to-part measurements.  What should you do if the majority of variation is associated with the Gage R&R assuming the gage is technically capable?

Accepted Answer

If the majority of the variation is associated with the Gage R&R, then the measurement device is inconsistent and unreliable. Therefore, the focus should be on improving the Repeatability and Reproducibility of the device to reduce this variation. Running another MSA test or purchasing a new machine may not solve the issue if the root cause is the inconsistency of the device. Trimming the Part-to-Part variation is important but should be addressed after improving the measurement system.

Question 15

With Measurement System Analysis we are concerned with two issues that impact the potential variability of the data. They are ____________ and Accuracy.

Accepted Answer

Precision and Accuracy are the two issues that impact the potential variability of the data in Measurement System Analysis. Spread and Deflection are not relevant in this context, and Reliability may be a factor but is not one of the two primary issues of concern.

Question 16

An operator is measuring the distance between two points. Which is most likely to be influenced by the operator?

Accepted Answer

The operator can influence the precision, accuracy, and calibration of the instrument by their technique, skill, and attention to detail.

Question 17

When we compare short-term and long-term Capability which of these is true?

Accepted Answer

Cp (Process Capability Index) is typically used to measure short-term capability, as it assumes that the process is stable and in control without considering any shifts or drifts that may occur over the long term.

Question 18

Which statements are correct about the advanced Capability Analysis shown here?  (Note: There are 3 correct answers).

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which statements are correct about the advanced...

Question 19

An operator checks that all boxes being packed contain enough products to fill the box.  However, each box getting filled has a different number of products in it.  This is a Reproducibility problem, not a Repeatability problem.

Accepted Answer

This is a Repeatability problem because the operator is checking for consistency in filling each box, regardless of the number of products in each box. The issue of each box having a different number of products is a Stability problem.

Question 20

The reported Cpk for a process with an average of 104 units, a spread of 18 units and upper and lower specification limits of 122 and 96 units would be?

Accepted Answer

To calculate Cpk, we need to use the formula: 
Cpk = min((USL-average)/(3*standard deviation), (average-LSL)/(3*standard deviation)). 
Using the given data, we can calculate the standard deviation as half of the spread, which is (18/2) = 9 units. 
Plugging in the values, we get Cpk = min((122-104)/(3*9), (104-96)/(3*9)) = min(0.666, 0.222) = 0.222. 
However, since the Cpk is negative, we need to take the absolute value to get the final answer, which is Cpk = 0.222. 
Therefore, the best choice is B, with a Cpk of 0.89.

Exam 5: Certified Six Sigma Black Belt