Question 1

Match the correct term with each definition.
-r = .30 to .40

Accepted Answer

The "personality coefficient" refers to the typical correlation range of .30 to .40 found in personality psychology, indicating the modest relationship between personality traits and behavior.

Question 2

A long life is associated with what trait?

Accepted Answer

Conscientiousness has been consistently linked to a longer life in various studies. This trait encompasses being responsible, dependable, and diligent, which may lead to better health choices and a more structured and stable lifestyle.

Question 3

Which of the following statements does NOT reflect the influence of values that contribute to
A situationist vs.a pro-personality position?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following statements does NOT...

Question 4

Match the position or person who would most endorse each argument..
-A correlation of .30 leaves 84 percent of the variance "unexplained."

Accepted Answer

The statement about a correlation of .30 leaving 84 percent of the variance unexplained aligns with the situationist critique, which argues that behavior is largely determined by situational factors rather than stable personality traits.

Question 5

Citizenship behavior at work is predicted by which trait?

Accepted Answer

Conscientiousness is a trait that includes the tendency to be responsible, organized, and dependable. Individuals with high conscientiousness are more likely to engage in citizenship behavior at work as they feel a greater sense of obligation to help their colleagues and contribute to the organization.

Question 6

Match the correct term with each definition.
-The situation is more important than the person in determining behavior.

Accepted Answer

Situationism emphasizes that the situation or context is more important than the individual's personality in determining their behavior. This is in contrast to interactionism, which emphasizes the mutual influence of both the situation and the individual's personality.

For the other options:
A) Relative consistency refers to the idea that individuals have characteristic patterns of behavior across different situations. 
C) The "personality coefficient" refers to the degree to which an individual's personality traits predict behavior. 
D) Aggregation refers to the idea that behavior is more predictable at the group level than at the individual level. 
E) Interactionism emphasizes the mutual influence of both the situation and the individual's personality. 
F) BESD stands for "behavioral and emotional stability and instability," which are dimensions of personality that psychologists study.

Question 7

Sally found that neither caffeine nor extraversion individually predicted problem solving; however,she found that they both worked together to predict problem solving.This is an example of what kind of an effect?

Accepted Answer

This is a true interaction effect because the combined effect of caffeine and extraversion on problem solving is greater than their individual effects.

Question 8

Match the correct term with each definition.
-Correlations are higher when behaviors are averaged.

Accepted Answer

Aggregation is the process of averaging behaviors over time and situations, which increases the reliability of the measurement and the correlation with personality traits.

Question 9

Which of the following describes social psychologist Roger Brown's views on the importance of personality?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following describes social psychologist...

Question 10

Which of the following does NOT describe a type of person-situation interaction?

Accepted Answer

This statement does not describe a person-situation interaction, but rather a general preference that people may have. The other options (B, C, and D) specifically describe ways in which individuals interact with and are affected by the situations they find themselves in.

Question 11

Match the position or person who would most endorse each argument..
-The BESD shows that r = .30 implies 65% predictive accuracy.

Accepted Answer

The argument suggests that personality traits can predict outcomes with 65% accuracy, which aligns with the pro-personality response. Critics like Situationists (A) and Mischel (B) argue that personality traits do not have a consistent effect on behavior, while Funder (D) and Murray (E) stress the importance of situational factors as well.

Question 12

Match the position or person who would most endorse each argument..
-You may travel the world,but your personality is the baggage you will always have with you.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the position or person who would...

Question 13

Based on recent research,what activity might signal a major concern when selecting a stockbroker?

Accepted Answer

Evidence that the broker loses big money at poker games may suggest poor decision-making skills and a lack of discipline, which could be a cause for concern when it comes to managing investments.

Question 14

Match the position or person who would most endorse each argument..
-Some people are more consistent than others.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the position or person who would...

Question 15

Research regarding the person-situation debate indicates that ________ are relevant to how people will act under specific circumstances and that ________ are better for describing how people act in general.

Accepted Answer

Situational variables are relevant for predicting behavior in specific contexts, while personality traits are better for describing general behavior patterns.

Question 16

Based on recent research,what is likely to happen when an aggressive person plays a competitive multiplayer video game?

Accepted Answer

Recent research suggests that playing competitive multiplayer video games may increase aggressive behavior in aggressive individuals and evoke aggression from other players as well. Therefore, option B is the best choice. Options A and C are unlikely outcomes, and option D is not a valid choice since recent research has identified a clear pattern of behavior.

Question 17

Match the correct term with each definition.
-The most friendly person at a party is probably also the most friendly in class.

Accepted Answer

Relative consistency refers to the idea that a person's behavior is consistent across different situations, such as being friendly both at a party and in class.

Question 18

Match the correct term with each definition.
-The effect of a person variable may depend on the situation.

Accepted Answer

Interactionism suggests that a person's behavior is influenced by both their personal characteristics as well as the situation they are in.

Question 19

Match the position or person who would most endorse each argument..
-A correlation of .30 to .40 is very small.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the position or person who would...

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT an example of interactionism?

Accepted Answer

Interactionism focuses on how personality and situation interact to influence behavior. Choice B describes a general trait behavior (agreeableness leading to being a good team player) without mentioning any situational interaction, making it not an example of interactionism.

Quiz 4: Personality Traits,Situations,and Behavior

Match the correct term with each definition. -r = .30 to .40

A long life is associated with what trait?

Which of the following statements does NOT reflect the influence of values that contribute to A situationist vs.a pro-personality position?

Match the position or person who would most endorse each argument.. -A correlation of .30 leaves 84 percent of the variance "unexplained."

Citizenship behavior at work is predicted by which trait?

Match the correct term with each definition. -The situation is more important than the person in determining behavior.

Sally found that neither caffeine nor extraversion individually predicted problem solving; however,she found that they both worked together to predict problem solving.This is an example of what kind of an effect?

Match the correct term with each definition. -Correlations are higher when behaviors are averaged.

Which of the following describes social psychologist Roger Brown's views on the importance of personality?

Which of the following does NOT describe a type of person-situation interaction?

Match the position or person who would most endorse each argument.. -The BESD shows that r = .30 implies 65% predictive accuracy.

Match the position or person who would most endorse each argument.. -You may travel the world,but your personality is the baggage you will always have with you.

Based on recent research,what activity might signal a major concern when selecting a stockbroker?

Match the position or person who would most endorse each argument.. -Some people are more consistent than others.

Research regarding the person-situation debate indicates that are relevant to how people will act under specific circumstances and that are better for describing how people act in general.

Based on recent research,what is likely to happen when an aggressive person plays a competitive multiplayer video game?

Match the correct term with each definition. -The most friendly person at a party is probably also the most friendly in class.

Match the correct term with each definition. -The effect of a person variable may depend on the situation.

Match the position or person who would most endorse each argument.. -A correlation of .30 to .40 is very small.

Which of the following is NOT an example of interactionism?