Question 1

Coercive forces mean that organizations change to achieve standards of professionalism.

Accepted Answer

Coercive forces refer to pressures from external entities, such as regulations or laws, that compel organizations to change, not necessarily to achieve professionalism.

Question 2

Frenemies refers to the trend toward companies being both friends and enemies, collaborators and competitors.

Accepted Answer

Frenemies is a phenomenon in which companies cooperate with each other and compete with each other at the same time.

Question 3

Organizations around the world are embedded in complex networks of confusing relationships--collaborating in some markets, competing fiercely in others.

Accepted Answer

Organizations often have different relationships with each other in different markets, resulting in complex networks of collaboration and competition.

Question 4

Describe the framework of interorganizational relationships, using the following two questions to help guide your answer: If organizational relationships are competitive, under what perspectives are the organization types similar versus dissimilar? If organizational relationships are cooperative, under what perspectives are the organization types similar versus dissimilar?

Accepted Answer

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Question 5

A principle that underlies the population ecology model is the struggle for existence, or competition.

Accepted Answer

The principle of competition, or the struggle for existence, is a fundamental concept in population ecology that underlies the population ecology model.

Question 6

What kind of education and training do you think would help prepare you for the reality of being a manager who has to manage a set of interorganizational relationships beyond managing internal affairs of your own company?

Accepted Answer

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Question 7

Because of the diversity of products, services, and customers, generalists are able to reallocate resources internally to adapt to a changing environment whereas specialists are not.

Accepted Answer

Generalists have a broader range of skills and knowledge, allowing them to adapt and reallocate resources more flexibly compared to specialists who focus on a narrow area.

Question 8

North American companies have long traditions of corporate clans or industrial groups that collaborate and assist each other while both Japanese and Korean companies have traditionally worked alone.

Accepted Answer

This statement is false. Japanese and Korean companies often have strong ties with suppliers and partners, forming keiretsu and chaebol respectively.

Question 9

In resource-dependence theory, large, independent companies have power over small suppliers.

Accepted Answer

Resource-dependence theory posits that organizations are dependent on certain resources, such as supplies or materials, in order to achieve their goals. Large companies can use their purchasing power to influence or even control smaller suppliers, creating a power imbalance in the relationship. Therefore, large, independent companies are often more powerful than small suppliers in this theory.

Question 10

Legitimacy is defined as the general perception that an organization's actions are desirable, proper, and appropriate within the environment's system of norms, values, and beliefs.

Accepted Answer

This is the correct definition of legitimacy.

Question 11

How have managers' viewpoints and focuses changed in this new world?

Accepted Answer

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Question 12

In the population-ecology model of organizations, selection refers to the preservation and institutionalization of selected organizational forms.

Accepted Answer

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Question 13

Normative forces are pressures to change to achieve standards of professionalism and to adopt techniques that are considered by the professional community to be up to date and effective.

Accepted Answer

Normative forces refer to the societal and professional pressures to conform to standards of professionalism and to adopt new and effective techniques. Therefore, the statement is true.

Question 14

Mimetic forces refer to the similarity that is brought between organizations from environmental influences such as governmental laws and legislative requirements.

Accepted Answer

Mimetic forces refer to the tendency of organizations to imitate each other, often due to uncertainty, rather than direct environmental influences like laws and regulations.

Question 15

The institutional perspective explains why organizational diversity continuously increases with the appearance of new organizations filling niches left open by established companies.

Accepted Answer

The institutional perspective explains why organizational diversity continuously decreases with the appearance of new organizations filling niches left open by established companies.

Question 16

Institutional similarity is the emergence of a common structure and approach among organizations in the same field.

Accepted Answer

Institutional similarity refers to the convergence of organizational structures, practices, and norms among organizations operating in the same field or sector. This can result from various factors such as regulatory requirements, professional standards, and benchmarking against industry leaders.

Question 17

The outcome of mechanisms of mimetic, coercive, or normative forces is that organizations become more heterogeneous to reflect the natural diversity among managers and environments.

Accepted Answer

The outcome of mechanisms of mimetic, coercive, or normative forces is that organizations become more homogeneous as managers adopt similar strategies and structures to achieve legitimacy and efficiency. This can lead to a lack of diversity and innovation within an organization.

Question 18

Most collaborative managers are skilled in handling operations roles, which have traditional vertical authority and are accountable for business results primarily through direct control over people and resources.

Accepted Answer

Most collaborative managers prioritize horizontal relationships and a team-oriented approach rather than traditional vertical authority and direct control over resources. They empower their teams and foster a culture of cooperation and communication rather than relying solely on their own authority.

Question 19

What is an "organizational ecosystem?" How does this concept impact the changing role of management?

Accepted Answer

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Question 20

Why is the following question asked in the context of a discussion on interorganizational relationships: "Is competition dead?"

Accepted Answer

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Quiz 5: Interorganizational Relationships