Question 1

Which of the following problems are usually found in parenteral formulation of anti-cancer drugs?

Accepted Answer

B,C,D,E

Question 2

Which of the following are common characteristics of liposomes?

Accepted Answer

Liposomes are bilayered vesicles made from phospholipids and cholesterol, used for drug delivery due to their biocompatibility and ability to carry both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs.

Question 3

Which of the following are common characteristics of micelles?

Accepted Answer

B,C,D

Question 4

The suitability of a specific nanocarrier or the location of the drug within the nanocarrier depends on:

Accepted Answer

The answer of The suitability of a specific nanocarrier or...

Question 5

Which of the following nanocarriers can adsorb or encapsulate drugs?

Accepted Answer

Liposomes, micelles, nanoparticles, and polyplexes/lipoplexes/dendriplexes are all nanocarriers that can adsorb or encapsulate drugs for delivery. Drug-protein conjugates are not typically considered nanocarriers for encapsulation.

Question 6

Which of the following are characteristic features of tumor microenvironment?

Accepted Answer

The tumor microenvironment is typically characterized by hypoxia (A), low pH (B), inefficient lymphatic drainage (C), leaky and hyperpermeable vasculature (D), and an increased number of overexpressed receptors in cancer cells (G). Fast blood flow (E) and low interstitial pressure (F) are not characteristic features.

Question 7

To take advantage of the peculiarities of solid tumors,multifunctional nanocarriers can be modified with different moieties to perform multiple functions. Please match the following moieties with their function.
___ PEG

Accepted Answer

PEG (Polyethylene glycol) is used for passive targeting by increasing the circulation time of nanocarriers in the bloodstream, allowing them to accumulate in tumor tissues through the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect.

Question 8

To take advantage of the peculiarities of solid tumors,multifunctional nanocarriers can be modified with different moieties to perform multiple functions. Please match the following moieties with their function.
___ Folate

Accepted Answer

Folate is used for active targeting because many cancer cells overexpress folate receptors, allowing for targeted delivery of therapeutic agents.

Question 9

To take advantage of the peculiarities of solid tumors,multifunctional nanocarriers can be modified with different moieties to perform multiple functions. Please match the following moieties with their function.
___ Disulfide bond containing-lipids or -polymers

Accepted Answer

Disulfide bond containing-lipids or -polymers are redox-sensitive, allowing them to respond to the reducing environment inside cells, which is characteristic of many tumors.

Question 10

To take advantage of the peculiarities of solid tumors,multifunctional nanocarriers can be modified with different moieties to perform multiple functions. Please match the following moieties with their function.
___ RGD

Accepted Answer

The answer of To take advantage of the peculiarities of...

Question 11

To take advantage of the peculiarities of solid tumors,multifunctional nanocarriers can be modified with different moieties to perform multiple functions. Please match the following moieties with their function.
___ Gadolinium

Accepted Answer

Gadolinium is commonly used as a contrast agent in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for tumor imaging.

Question 12

Which of the following statements are true about conjugation polymers and ligands to nanocarrier's surface?

Accepted Answer

Conjugation can occur both covalently and non-covalently (A). Thiol groups are preferred due to their specificity compared to more common carboxylic groups (B). Carboxylic group activation can facilitate crosslinking (C). Lipidic moieties enhance adsorption to hydrophobic surfaces (E). However, protein-to-protein crosslinking does not necessarily increase binding activity (D).

Question 13

Which of the following ligands can be attached to the surface of the nanocarriers to provide active targeting towards tumors?

Accepted Answer

Anti-HER-2 mAb, Folate, and anti-EGFR Fab' are ligands that can be used for active targeting of tumors. Anti-HER-2 mAb targets HER-2 receptors, Folate targets folate receptors, and anti-EGFR Fab' targets EGFR receptors, all of which are often overexpressed in tumor cells.

Question 14

Which of the following statements are true about PEG?

Accepted Answer

PEG stands for Polyethyleneglycol (A). The most common method for prolonging the circulation and improving the biocompatibility of nanocarriers is to cover their surface with hydrophilic polymers, such as polyethylene glycol (PEG) (B). Introduction of PEG blocks in nanocarriers decreases their opsonization and their clearance by MPS (mononuclear phagocyte system) (C). In addition to its protective function, PEG is often used as a spacer arm to attach ligands to nanocarriers (E).

Question 15

Increasing the solubility of poorly soluble chemotherapeutics with traditional formulation leads to toxicity and side effects.

Accepted Answer

Increasing the solubility of poorly soluble chemotherapeutics can lead to higher concentrations in the body, which may result in increased toxicity and side effects due to the drug's enhanced absorption and distribution.

Question 16

EPR effect is the limiting barrier for tumor drug delivery.

Accepted Answer

The EPR (Enhanced Permeability and Retention) effect is actually a mechanism that facilitates the delivery of drugs to tumors, not a barrier. It allows nanoparticles and macromolecular drugs to accumulate more in tumor tissue than in normal tissues.

Question 17

Site-specific therapy is possible because of the presence of an increased number of overexpressed receptors on tumor cells when compared to normal cells.

Accepted Answer

Site-specific therapy targets overexpressed receptors on tumor cells, allowing for selective treatment of cancerous tissues while sparing normal cells.

Question 18

Passive targeting approaches are feasible due to EPR effect.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Passive targeting approaches are feasible due to...

Question 19

PEG is used as an intracellular delivery moiety on different nanocarriers.

Accepted Answer

Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is commonly used to enhance the delivery of nanocarriers into cells by improving their solubility, stability, and circulation time in the bloodstream.

Question 20

Ultrasound,magnetic field,temperature and light are Local/external stimuli sensitivity

Accepted Answer

The answer of Ultrasound,magnetic field,temperature and light are Local/external stimuli...

Quiz 6: Multifunctional Nanocarriers for Tumor Drug Delivery and Imaging