Question 1

According to 2010 census estimates, 12% of the 1.5 million residents of Philadelphia travelling to and migrating from Zika-affected countries are of what ethnicity?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is Hispanic/Latino, as individuals from this ethnic group are more likely to travel to and migrate from Zika-affected countries, which are primarily located in Latin America and the Caribbean.

Question 2

The CASPER method recommends how many attempts be made at each household, resulting in long wait time in between attempts?

Accepted Answer

The CASPER method recommends making three attempts at each household to ensure a thorough and representative sample, allowing for a reasonable wait time between attempts to maximize response rates.

Question 3

The CASPER results following the Zika outbreak in Philadelphia indicated that households with which of the following were more likely to consider Zika an important health issue?

Accepted Answer

Households with women of childbearing age were more likely to consider Zika an important health issue due to the virus's potential to cause birth defects when pregnant women are infected.

Question 4

During the Guinean Ebola response, what agency was the lead for social mobilization and awareness raising?

Accepted Answer

The U.N. Children's Fund (UNICEF) was the lead agency for social mobilization and awareness raising during the Guinean Ebola response. Their efforts were crucial in educating communities about the disease and promoting behaviors to prevent its spread.

Question 5

During the Guinean Ebola response, what agency provided funding to the International Organization for Migration (IOM) to renovate structures in 28 prefectural and communal health departments to serve as local-level emergency operation centers (EOCs)?

Accepted Answer

USAID's Office of Foreign Disaster Assistance provided funding to the International Organization for Migration (IOM) to renovate structures in 28 prefectural and communal health departments to serve as local-level emergency operation centers (EOCs) during the Guinean Ebola response.

Question 6

Along with Ghana and Botswana, Guinea was one of the three countries most heavily impacted by the Ebola virus.

Accepted Answer

The three countries most heavily impacted by the Ebola virus were Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone, not Botswana.

Question 7

The end of active transmission of Ebola in Guinea also emphasized a social recovery that is needed in the aftermath of an outbreak.

Accepted Answer

The end of active Ebola transmission in Guinea highlighted not only the control of the disease but also the importance of addressing the social and economic disruptions caused by the outbreak, necessitating efforts towards social recovery and rebuilding community trust.

Question 8

Results from the vaccine trial in Guinea have been disappointing, with data from over 5,000 vaccinated individuals being infected with the virus after exposure.

Accepted Answer

The vaccine trial in Guinea, specifically for the Ebola virus, showed promising results, with a high efficacy rate and no reported cases of Ebola in the vaccinated individuals after a certain period post-vaccination, indicating a successful trial rather than a disappointing one.

Question 9

With respect specifically to emergency management, the WHO is continuing to support emergency management training and capacity building in Guinea, in collaboration with IOM, PHAC, and other partners.

Accepted Answer

The answer of With respect specifically to emergency management, the...

Question 10

The creation of effective messages can be particularly challenging during an emerging epidemic due to rapidly changing situations and a paucity of information.

Accepted Answer

During an emerging epidemic, information can be scarce and the situation can evolve quickly, making it difficult to create messages that are accurate, timely, and effective in communicating risks and necessary actions to the public.

Question 11

Infection with Zika typically causes mild or no symptoms, but can potentially cause what medical condition and neurologic complications in adults?

Accepted Answer

Zika virus infection in adults can lead to neurologic complications such as Guillain-Barré syndrome, an autoimmune disorder affecting the peripheral nervous system.

Question 12

The index case in the Ebola outbreak in Guinea is thought to be a young boy from a rural village in the remote southeastern forest region of Guinea who was exposed to the virus via contact with which of the following?

Accepted Answer

The index case in the Ebola outbreak in Guinea is thought to have been exposed to the virus via contact with a bat. Bats are considered natural Ebola virus hosts and have been linked to the transmission of the virus to humans in past outbreaks.

Question 13

The Ebola Coordination Cell (Cellule de Coordination de la riposte contre la maladie à virus Ebola (CNLEB) was formed of a coordinator and a deputy, both from what agency?

Accepted Answer

The Ebola Coordination Cell was formed with a coordinator and a deputy from the Ministry of Health, which is typically responsible for managing public health responses in a country.

Question 14

When was Guinea declared free from Ebola virus for the first time?

Accepted Answer

Guinea was declared free from Ebola virus transmission for the first time in December 2015 by the World Health Organization.

Question 15

What program, associated with the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), is surveying wild and domestic animal populations to identify possible reservoir species for the Ebola virus?

Accepted Answer

PREDICT is a project associated with the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) that focuses on identifying and responding to viruses that can be transmitted from animals to humans, including efforts to identify reservoir species for the Ebola virus.

Question 16

Emergency management was not a widely recognized concept in the public health sphere in Guinea prior to the Ebola outbreak.

Accepted Answer

Before the Ebola outbreak, emergency management, especially in the context of public health crises, was not a widely recognized or well-developed concept in Guinea. The outbreak highlighted the need for better preparedness and response mechanisms in the country.

Question 17

The emergence of the Ebola virus in the Americas is 2015 compelled public health authorities to rapidly develop and convey competent, comprehensive, and transparent messages to promote evidence-based knowledge without fostering fear.

Accepted Answer

The Ebola virus outbreak referenced did not emerge in the Americas in 2015; it primarily affected West Africa. Public health efforts to convey information and prevent fear were indeed significant, but the geographical detail is incorrect.

Question 18

Further complicating the potential for acquiring sexually transmitted Zika infection is that most infected persons remain asymptomatic.

Accepted Answer

Most people infected with the Zika virus do not develop symptoms, making it difficult to identify and prevent sexual transmission of the virus.

Question 19

Although CASPERs are more often performed in the context of an acute public health emergency, the method and approach lends itself well to performing community assessments in a rapid and representative manner.

Accepted Answer

CASPERs (Community Assessments for Public Health Emergency Response) are designed to provide quick and reliable assessments of a community's health needs and resources, making them suitable for both acute public health emergencies and for rapid, representative community assessments outside of emergencies.

Question 20

The target population for sexually transmitted Zika had the same demographic and risk-factor profile as the target population for the city's existing sexually transmitted disease prevention campaign.

Accepted Answer

The target population for sexually transmitted Zika may not necessarily have the same demographic and risk-factor profile as the target population for a city's existing sexually transmitted disease prevention campaign, as Zika transmission dynamics and risk factors can differ from those of other sexually transmitted diseases.

Quiz 14: Case Studies in Public Health Response Operations