Question 1

"Collinearity" refers to a perfect association between variables.

Accepted Answer

Collinearity is a perfect linear relationship between two or more variables, meaning that they are perfectly correlated.

Question 2

R² is a popular measure of how well a statistical model fits the data.

Accepted Answer

R², or the coefficient of determination, quantifies the proportion of variance in the dependent variable that is predictable from the independent variables, indicating the goodness of fit of a model.

Question 3

Multiple regression is limited to the analysis of interval- and ratio-scale independent variables.

Accepted Answer

Multiple regression can include categorical independent variables by using techniques such as dummy coding to convert them into a numerical format suitable for analysis.

Question 4

A dummy variable is a dichotomous variable with variable categories arbitrarily coded 0 and 1.

Accepted Answer

A dummy variable is used in regression analysis to represent categorical data with two possible outcomes, typically coded as 0 and 1 to indicate the absence or presence of a characteristic.

Question 5

To determine which independent variable has the greatest impact in a multiple regression, researchers use unstandardized regression coefficients.

Accepted Answer

Unstandardized coefficients indicate the change in the dependent variable for a one-unit change in the predictor, but standardized coefficients are used to compare the relative impact of different variables.

Question 6

Path analysis provides quantitative estimates of both direct and indirect effects.

Accepted Answer

Path analysis is a statistical technique used to describe the directed dependencies among a set of variables, providing estimates for both direct and indirect effects.

Question 7

Draw an arrow diagram representing a causal ordering and likely direction of relationship (positive or negative) among the following set of variables: respondent's newspaper readership (frequency), educational attainment, and age.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Draw an arrow diagram representing a causal...

Question 8

Explain the differences between the ideal elaboration outcomes of explanation, interpretation, specification, and replication.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain the differences between the ideal elaboration...

Question 9

Explain the difference between the regression coefficient in bivariate regression and the partial-regression coefficient in multiple regression.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain the difference between the regression coefficient...

Question 10

The following tables show the relationship, for employed respondents, between hours per week the respondent usually works (Work hours), level of education (number of years completed), and sex for the 2016 GSS. 
  a. Which variable is controlled in each partial table?
b. Describe the relationship in each partial table.
c. The first partial (for males) has a chi-square value of 1.07, with p > .10; the second table (for females) has a chi-square value of 15.5, with p < .001. What do these statistics reveal about the relationships between the variables?
d. The zero-order association between level of education and usual hours worked per week was statistically significant. Comparing this result with the results of the partial tables, what type of elaboration outcome is shown?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The following tables show the relationship, for...

Question 11

What predicts the amount of time that people spend on the Internet? Based on 2016 GSS data, the regression of hours per week on the Internet (Y) on age, education (number of years completed), and verbal ability (number of correct words on a ten-item vocabulary test) produced the following equation:
Y = 9.327 - .161Age + .348Educ + .489Verbal
a. Explain the meaning of the regression coefficient for Educ (years of education completed)?
b. How much does hours on the Internet change for each increase of one year in a respondent's age?
c. Calculate the number of hours per week on the Internet for a 30-year-old with 16 years of education who got all ten words correct on the vocabulary test.
Using standardized regression coefficients, the multiple regression of Internet hours has the following values (all coefficients are statistically significant):
Y = - .179Age + .065Educ + .064Verbal
d. Which variable has the largest effect on weekly hours on the Internet?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What predicts the amount of time that...

Question 12

Someone at your college conducts a survey on helping and voluntarism. Suppose you are consulted about how to analyze the data to test the hypothesis that students majoring in the arts are more likely to do volunteer work than students majoring in the sciences. (a) What questions would you ask about the data before you make your recommendations? (b) As you might point out, why is a bivariate analysis seldom, if ever, sufficient to test a hypothesis that one variable causes another? (c) As you might explain, how is multiple regression superior to elaboration?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Someone at your college conducts a survey...

Quiz 16: Multivariate Analysis