Question 1

The cephalocaudal aspect of developmental direction refers specifically to the frequently observed gradual progression in increased control from:
A) Toe to head
B) Midline to hands
C) Head to toe
D) Hands to midline
E) Inside to outside

Accepted Answer

The cephalocaudal aspect of development refers to the pattern where growth and control progress from the head down to the toes.

Question 2

"Proximodistal" is to _____________, as "cephalocaudal" is to ______________.
A) Center to periphery; head to tail
B) Head to tail; center to periphery
C) Near to far; bottom to top
D) Tail to head; head to tail
E) Top to bottom; near to far

Accepted Answer

Proximodistal refers to development from the center of the body outward to the periphery, while cephalocaudal refers to development from the head down to the tail or feet.

Question 3

Infants may have control over the musculature of their head and neck while they have poor motor control over their legs and feet. This demonstrates:
A) Proximodistal development
B) Cephalocaudal development
C) Top-to-bottom development
D) Superior-inferior development
E) Reciprocal interweaving

Accepted Answer

Cephalocaudal development refers to the pattern of growth and development that occurs from the head downwards, meaning infants gain control over their head and neck before their lower body parts like legs and feet.

Question 4

As infants grow older they gain control of the musculature from the center of their bodies to the most distant parts. But older individuals often lose control of the musculature of finger grasping before losing control of their trunk musculature. This is an example of the reverse process of:
A) Reciprocal interweaving
B) Readiness
C) Proximodistal development
D) Differentiation
E) Cephalocaudal developmental

Accepted Answer

Proximodistal development refers to the pattern of growth and motor control that starts from the center of the body and moves towards the extremities. The scenario describes a reverse of this process, where control is lost from the extremities (fingers) before the center (trunk).

Question 5

The motor milestones of positioning the head from right to left while prone, sitting with support, sitting independently, and standing are examples of which law of developmental direction?
A) Readiness
B) Proximodistal development
C) Differentiation
D) Cephalocaudal developmental
E) Development from center to periphery

Accepted Answer

The cephalocaudal developmental law refers to the pattern of growth and development that occurs from the head downwards. This means that infants typically gain control over their head and neck muscles before they develop control over their trunk and legs, which aligns with the milestones mentioned.

Question 6

As an individual goes into the later years of life the cephalocaudal law of developmental direction will reverse, with the individual losing control from the feet to the head. Changes in walking gait are an example of this.

Accepted Answer

The cephalocaudal law of developmental direction states that development proceeds from the head to the feet. As an individual goes into the later years of life, this law reverses, with the individual losing control from the feet to the head. Changes in walking gait are an example of this.

Question 7

Growth retardation is most pronounced for:
A) Low-birth-weight infants under 3 pounds
B) Young-for-date infants
C) Low-birth-weight infants under 5 pounds
D) Any low-birth-weight infant
E) Babies under 19 inches in length at birth

Accepted Answer

Low-birth-weight infants under 3 pounds experience the most pronounced growth retardation due to their significantly lower weight and potential complications associated with being extremely underweight at birth.

Question 8

Coordinated and progressive intricate combining of neural mechanisms of opposing muscle systems into an increasing mature relationship is known as:
A) Reciprocal progression
B) Experience
C) Skill acquisition
D) Development
E) Reciprocal interweaving

Accepted Answer

Reciprocal interweaving refers to the process where neural mechanisms of opposing muscle systems are coordinated and integrated into a mature relationship, allowing for more complex and refined motor skills.

Question 9

What is the effect on children of severe and prolonged restricted opportunities for movement?
A) There is no observable effect.
B) Acceleration in movement development
C) Deceleration in movement development
D) No movement development occurs
E) Only rudimentary movement development can occur.

Accepted Answer

Severe and prolonged restricted opportunities for movement can lead to a deceleration in movement development in children, as they are not able to practice and refine their motor skills.

Question 10

The extent to which the child can catch up from motor deprivation will depend on:
A) Duration of deprivation
B) Severity of deprivation
C) Age of child
D) Type of intervention supports available to help child
E) All of these are true.

Accepted Answer

The ability of a child to recover from motor deprivation is influenced by multiple factors including the duration and severity of the deprivation, the child's age, and the type of intervention supports available.

Question 11

The self-regulatory process of growth will not compensate for relatively minor deviations in the rate of growth.

Accepted Answer

The self-regulatory process of growth can often compensate for minor deviations, allowing organisms to adjust and maintain overall growth patterns.

Question 12

"Reciprocal interweaving" is a term that refers to:
A) The fine and almost extinct art of weaving reciprocals
B) The neural integration of sensory and motor mechanisms
C) Direction of motor control
D) Sequence of motor control
E) Direction of motor control and sequence of motor control

Accepted Answer

Reciprocal interweaving refers to the neural integration of sensory and motor mechanisms, highlighting the complex interaction and coordination between sensory inputs and motor outputs in the nervous system.

Question 13

"Differentiation" is a process:
A) Of reciprocal interweaving of sensory and motor mechanisms
B) Of gradual acquisition of motor control of movement patterns
C) Dependent upon environmental factors
D) Readily influenced by stimulation and/or deprivation
E) That is highly individualized

Accepted Answer

Differentiation refers to the process of acquiring more refined motor control and movement patterns over time.

Question 14

"Differentiation" can be described by which of the following terms?
A) Gross motor
B) Fine motor
C) Basic motor
D) Advanced motor
E) Manipulative motor

Accepted Answer

The answer of "Differentiation" can be described by which of...

Question 15

When toddlers color in pictures they seldom stay within the lines. As the child gets older, the ability to color improves. This process of having little control, to gaining control over implements is due to:
A) Gross motor control
B) Sensory-motor integration
C) Sensory-motor interweaving
D) Sensory-motor differentiation
E) Emotional readiness

Accepted Answer

The answer of When toddlers color in pictures they seldom...

Question 16

Older adults frequently encounter progressively greater difficulty reacting quickly to a visual or auditory stimulus. This is due to the fact that _____________ tends to be reversible with aging.
A) Sensory-motor differentiation
B) Sensory-motor integration
C) Reciprocal interweaving
D) Vision and hearing
E) All of these are correct.

Accepted Answer

Sensory-motor integration tends to decline with age, affecting the ability to quickly react to stimuli.

Question 17

Differentiation and integration tend to be reversible with aging.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Differentiation and integration tend to be reversible...

Question 18

Developmentally appropriate education is based on the principle of:
A) Developmental direction
B) Critical periods
C) Ontogeny recapitulating phylogeny
D) Accommodating individual differences
E) Cephalocaudal development

Accepted Answer

Developmentally appropriate education focuses on accommodating individual differences, recognizing that children develop at their own pace and have unique needs and abilities.

Question 19

"Critical" and "sensitive" learning periods can be defined as:
A) Periods when children are sensitive about learning
B) Periods when children are critical about learning
C) Children are sensitive to learning certain things at certain ages.
D) Children learn only at sensitive times in their life.
E) There are no such things as critical or sensitive learning periods.

Accepted Answer

Critical and sensitive learning periods refer to specific times in a child's development when they are particularly receptive to learning certain skills or knowledge, such as language acquisition or motor skills.

Question 20

The concept of "critical periods" is not closely linked to milestones or phase-stage views of human development, but rather to the theory of:
A) Relativity
B) Evolution
C) Imprinting
D) Bonding
E) Development

Accepted Answer

The answer of The concept of "critical periods" is not...

Quiz 4: Selected Factors Related to Motor Development

The cephalocaudal aspect of developmental direction refers specifically to the frequently observed gradual progression in increased control from:

"Proximodistal" is to _, as "cephalocaudal" is to __.

Infants may have control over the musculature of their head and neck while they have poor motor control over their legs and feet. This demonstrates:

As infants grow older they gain control of the musculature from the center of their bodies to the most distant parts. But older individuals often lose control of the musculature of finger grasping before losing control of their trunk musculature. This is an example of the reverse process of:

The motor milestones of positioning the head from right to left while prone, sitting with support, sitting independently, and standing are examples of which law of developmental direction?

As an individual goes into the later years of life the cephalocaudal law of developmental direction will reverse, with the individual losing control from the feet to the head. Changes in walking gait are an example of this.

Growth retardation is most pronounced for:

Coordinated and progressive intricate combining of neural mechanisms of opposing muscle systems into an increasing mature relationship is known as:

What is the effect on children of severe and prolonged restricted opportunities for movement?

The extent to which the child can catch up from motor deprivation will depend on:

The self-regulatory process of growth will not compensate for relatively minor deviations in the rate of growth.

"Reciprocal interweaving" is a term that refers to:

"Differentiation" is a process:

"Differentiation" can be described by which of the following terms?

When toddlers color in pictures they seldom stay within the lines. As the child gets older, the ability to color improves. This process of having little control, to gaining control over implements is due to:

Older adults frequently encounter progressively greater difficulty reacting quickly to a visual or auditory stimulus. This is due to the fact that _____________ tends to be reversible with aging.

Differentiation and integration tend to be reversible with aging.

Developmentally appropriate education is based on the principle of:

"Critical" and "sensitive" learning periods can be defined as:

The concept of "critical periods" is not closely linked to milestones or phase-stage views of human development, but rather to the theory of: