Question 1

The Founders who strongly supported limiting the authority of the federal government, as well as allowing states to overrule that authority, included:

Accepted Answer

Thomas Jefferson and James Madison were proponents of states' rights and advocated for limiting the power of the federal government, as seen in their opposition to the Federalist policies of Hamilton and others.

Question 2

The grant programs of the 1960s and 1970s were the first to:

Accepted Answer

The grant programs of the 1960s and 1970s, such as those initiated under President Lyndon B. Johnson's Great Society, were designed to involve state governments in achieving national policy objectives, particularly in areas like education, health, and welfare.

Question 3

In 2000, the Supreme Court specifically exempted states from provisions in federal laws aimed at preventing ____ discrimination.

Accepted Answer

In 2000, the Supreme Court ruled in Kimel v. Florida Board of Regents that states are immune from lawsuits for age discrimination under the Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA).

Question 4

In the notable 2015 case Obergefell v. Hodges, the Supreme Court addressed the issue of:

Accepted Answer

The Obergefell v. Hodges case was a landmark decision in which the Supreme Court ruled that same-sex marriage is a constitutional right under the Fourteenth Amendment.

Question 5

In recent years, many public sector interest groups have reconsidered their priorities and are:

Accepted Answer

Public sector interest groups have shifted their focus to lobbying state governments as states have gained more power and responsibility in recent years, making state-level advocacy more impactful.

Question 6

In the Gibbons v. Ogden decision, the Supreme Court ruled that:

Accepted Answer

The Supreme Court in Gibbons v. Ogden ruled that the power to regulate interstate commerce was granted to Congress by the Commerce Clause of the Constitution, and thus states could not interfere with or regulate interstate commerce.

Question 7

In the nineteenth century, states were able to argue that many of their powers derived from their authority to "advance the safety, happiness, and prosperity" of their citizens. These were called their:

Accepted Answer

Police powers refer to the capacity of the states to regulate behaviors and enforce order within their territory for the betterment of the health, safety, morals, and general welfare of their inhabitants.

Question 8

In what sense are the states a "pivotal" factor in the federal system?

Accepted Answer

States are pivotal because they serve as intermediaries, connecting national government resources to local governments and communities, facilitating the implementation of federal policies and programs.

Question 9

Initial inroads into the theory and practice of dual federalism were made when the relationship between states and the federal government changed as a result of:

Accepted Answer

Grant-in-aid programs were instrumental in changing the relationship between states and the federal government, as they allowed the federal government to influence state policies by providing funding for specific purposes.

Question 10

Intergovernmental relations is a system in which:

Accepted Answer

Intergovernmental relations involve different levels of government working together and influencing each other, sharing functions and responsibilities.

Question 11

Local governments:

Accepted Answer

Local governments deal with very different social and financial conditions due to varying demographics, economic bases, and resources available in their respective areas.

Question 12

Local governments in the United States are creations of:

Accepted Answer

Local governments in the United States are created by state legislatures, which have the authority to establish and regulate them under the state constitution.

Question 13

Most of the major changes that have taken place in federalism in the 21^st century have come from:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Most of the major changes that have...

Question 14

National money given to state and local governments for general purposes with no specific program objectives and few conditions attached is called:

Accepted Answer

General revenue sharing refers to the distribution of federal funds to state and local governments with minimal restrictions on how the money can be spent, allowing for flexibility in addressing local needs.

Question 15

One of the major changes in intergovernmental relations brought about by President G. W. Bush was:

Accepted Answer

The No Child Left Behind Act was a significant change in intergovernmental relations during President George W. Bush's administration, as it increased federal involvement in education, traditionally a state and local responsibility.

Question 16

In 1995, Congress passed a law requiring the Congressional Budget Office to highlight any proposals that might result in

Accepted Answer

The law passed in 1995 was the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act, which requires the Congressional Budget Office to identify any federal mandates that would impose costs on state, local, or tribal governments without providing federal funding.

Question 17

President Reagan's efforts to ____ had a major impact on the federal system.

Accepted Answer

The answer of President Reagan's efforts to ____ had a...

Question 18

Project grants, begun during the 1930s, were federal funds given to state governments based on:

Accepted Answer

Project grants were awarded based on the submission of a specific plan of action, which outlined how the funds would be used for particular projects.

Question 19

Proponents of nation-centered federalism believe that:

Accepted Answer

Proponents of nation-centered federalism argue that the national government has implied powers that extend beyond those explicitly stated in the Constitution, allowing it to address issues that affect the nation as a whole.

Question 20

Supreme Court decisions in the late 1980s began to change the Court's traditional position on federalism by:

Accepted Answer

The Supreme Court decisions in the late 1980s started to emphasize the importance of state sovereignty and increased state and local government policymaking power, marking a shift towards a more federalist approach.

Quiz 3: Federalism and Intergovernmental Relations