Question 1

One subset of nominal data is:

Accepted Answer

Dichotomous data is a type of nominal data that has only two possible values.

Question 2

After investigators collect the data, they should select approximately _________ of the surveys collected and manually enter the responses to verify the accuracy of the data collected and the data entry process.

Accepted Answer

A common practice for verifying the accuracy of data collection and entry processes is to manually check a sample of the data. A 10% sample is often sufficient to provide a reasonable assurance of accuracy without being overly burdensome.

Question 3

Which term best describes the process used to check the data for accuracy and correct any errors that appear?

Accepted Answer

Data cleaning is the process used to check for accuracy and correct errors in the data.

Question 4

Which term is used to describe a data set with two modes?

Accepted Answer

Bimodal refers to a data set that has two modes, which are the values that appear most frequently.

Question 5

When looking at a normal curve, the vertical line down the middle always represents what score?

Accepted Answer

The mean score is the average score of all the scores in a distribution. It is the most common measure of central tendency.

Question 6

Which term best describes how much variation or "dispersion" exists from the mean or average?

Accepted Answer

Standard deviation is a measure of the amount of variation or dispersion of a set of values. It quantifies how much the values in a data set differ from the mean (average) of the data set.

Question 7

Which of the following is/are the type(s) of categorical data?

Accepted Answer

Nominal and ordinal data are types of categorical data. Nominal data represents categories without any order, while ordinal data represents categories with a specific order. Interval data, however, is a type of numerical data where the difference between two values is meaningful, but it does not have a true zero point, making it not a type of categorical data.

Question 8

The word "datum" is singular, while the word "data" is plural.

Accepted Answer

"Datum" is the singular form, referring to a single piece of information, while "data" is the plural form, referring to multiple pieces of information.

Question 9

There is only one way to classify data.

Accepted Answer

Data can be classified in multiple ways depending on the context, such as qualitative vs. quantitative, discrete vs. continuous, or primary vs. secondary.

Question 10

Biological sex and geographic location are both examples of nominal data.

Accepted Answer

Nominal data is a type of categorical data where the categories do not have a specific order. Biological sex (e.g., male, female) and geographic location (e.g., city names) are both examples of nominal data because they categorize without implying any order.

Question 11

Ordinal data can be obtained by using satisfaction scales, which determine the respondents' level of satisfaction regarding the research question.

Accepted Answer

Ordinal data is characterized by the order of values, and satisfaction scales (like "very satisfied" to "not satisfied") inherently rank responses, making them a form of ordinal data.

Question 12

Interval data are in rank order, like ordinal data, except that the space or intervals between the data are always equal.

Accepted Answer

Interval data not only have a specific order but also have consistent intervals between values, allowing for the measurement of the exact difference between them.

Question 13

As a researcher, it is important to make sure that the data collected are always organized.

Accepted Answer

Organized data ensures accuracy, efficiency, and ease of analysis, which are crucial for the validity and reliability of research findings.

Question 14

Measures of central tendency include only the mean and the median.

Accepted Answer

Measures of central tendency include the mean, median, and mode, among others.

Question 15

The mean is used in all types of data.

Accepted Answer

The mean is typically used for quantitative data (interval or ratio levels of measurement) and is not appropriate for all types of data, especially nominal data, where calculating an average does not make sense.

Question 16

If the data are evenly distributed, a graphic depiction of them will show that the mean, median, and mode are the same.

Accepted Answer

In a perfectly symmetrical distribution, the mean, median, and mode are all located at the same point on the distribution, indicating that the data are evenly distributed around a central value.

Question 17

__________ ___________ is best described as the absence of the variable measured; it is an important consideration with ratio data.

Accepted Answer

The answer of __________ ___________ is best described as the...

Question 18

Measures of central tendency are used to _______________ data and make ________________ between data.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Measures of central tendency are used to...

Question 19

Match the following terms with their definitions.
-The average score

Accepted Answer

The mean is the average score, calculated by summing all values and dividing by the number of values.

Question 20

Match the following terms with their definitions.
-The middle value of the data

Accepted Answer

The median is defined as the middle value of a data set when the values are arranged in ascending or descending order.

Quiz 12: Data Tools