Question 1

Rickets is a deficiency disease that is caused by insufficient amounts of which vitamin?

Accepted Answer

Rickets is caused by a deficiency in Vitamin D, which helps the body absorb calcium and phosphorus, crucial minerals for bone growth and health. Without enough Vitamin D, bones can become soft, weak and even distorted, as seen in rickets.

Question 2

What is one of the signs associated with inadequate growth?

Accepted Answer

If a baby's weight remains stable over 3 months, it is a sign of inadequate growth, as infants should be gaining weight during this time. A and D are not signs of inadequate growth, and C without any additional information is not necessarily a sign of adequate or inadequate growth.

Question 3

The DiGeorge syndrome is a _____.

Accepted Answer

The DiGeorge syndrome is a condition in which chromosome 22 has a small deletion, which can cause a variety of symptoms including heart defects, immune system problems, and developmental delays.

Question 4

Infants need a high-fat diet compared to older people;therefore,up to _____ of calories from fat may be recommended.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Infants need a high-fat diet compared to...

Question 5

The European Society for Gastroenterology and Nutrition recommends that a pre-term baby have an energy intake range of _____ Calories/per kg.

Accepted Answer

The European Society for Gastroenterology and Nutrition recommends that preterm babies have an energy intake range of 110-135 Calories/kg. This is because preterm babies have higher energy requirements than full-term babies, and providing adequate energy intake can ensure proper growth and development. Choices A, B, and D are not within the recommended range.

Question 6

Primary components included in nutrition evaluations of children with special health care needs include _____.

Accepted Answer

Nutrition evaluations of children with special health care needs primarily focus on growth monitoring, assessing the nutrient content of the child's diet, and evaluating how the child is fed. The cost of the diet and health insurance eligibility may be considered secondary factors, but they are not primary components of the evaluation. The course of the mother's pregnancy and substance abuse in the home are also not directly related to the child's nutrition evaluation but may be relevant to overall health assessment.

Question 7

Which of the following foods would NOT be appropriate for a baby with galactosemia?

Accepted Answer

Breast milk contains lactose, which breaks down into glucose and galactose. Babies with galactosemia cannot properly metabolize galactose, making breast milk inappropriate for them.

Question 8

What is the gestation-adjusted age for a 9-month-old infant born preterm (32 weeks)?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the gestation-adjusted age for a...

Question 9

If a woman breastfeeding a preterm infant needs to provide additional calories and nutrients to her infant,she can have human milk fortifier added.This adds all of the following nutrients EXCEPT _____.

Accepted Answer

Human milk fortifiers typically do not add iron, as preterm infants often receive iron supplementation separately.

Question 10

In preterm births,which organ is stressed,reducing an infant's ability to digest protein?

Accepted Answer

The liver is stressed in preterm births, reducing an infant's ability to digest protein.

Question 11

The DRI for protein in infants that do not have special conditions that impair growth or digestion is _____.

Accepted Answer

The Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) for protein for infants is typically 1.52 grams per kilogram of body weight per day.

Question 12

What is the most appropriate nutrition intervention for a special needs infant who has gastroesophageal reflux and swallowing difficulty?

Accepted Answer

Mixing baby rice cereal with standard formula can help thicken the feed, which may reduce reflux and make swallowing easier for the infant.

Question 13

Which of the following nutrients has been implicated in fetal-origin errors?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin A has been implicated in fetal-origin errors, specifically in the development of the neural tube. Excessive intake of vitamin A during pregnancy has been associated with an increased risk of neural tube defects in the developing fetus.

Question 14

Which of the following statements about fat is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following statements about fat...

Question 15

In which of the following cases would EXTRA calories be needed for a child?

Accepted Answer

Extra calories are needed in all these cases as the body requires more energy to fight infections, manage fever, support breathing, and heal after surgery.

Question 16

The recommendation for very low-birth-weight or extremely low-birth-weight infants who are breastfeeding but have limited pancreatic enzyme production is to supplement them with _____.

Accepted Answer

Medium-chain fatty acids are recommended because they are more easily absorbed and do not require pancreatic enzymes for digestion, making them suitable for infants with limited pancreatic enzyme production.

Question 17

Refinements in the usual methods of measurement and interpretation of growth are needed in conditions known to influence growth and development.These include:

Accepted Answer

All of the above options are relevant in conditions known to influence growth and development. Using specialized growth charts can help accurately track growth in specific diagnoses, indicators of body composition such as body fat measures can provide important information on overall growth and health, attention to indicators of brain growth such as head circumference can help identify potential neurological issues, and looking for biochemical indicators of nutrient stores can help ensure adequate nutrient intake and absorption.

Question 18

In-depth nutrition assessments make sure nutrition is not limiting an infant's growth and development and are typically needed by three main groups of infants,which include all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

Infants born between 37 and 42 weeks are considered full-term and typically do not require in-depth nutrition assessments unless there are specific concerns or risk factors. Infants born before 34 weeks, infants with consequences of abnormal development during pregnancy, and infants at risk for chronic health problems are more likely to require in-depth nutrition assessments.

Question 19

Preterm birth has been correlated with lifetime impacts on which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Preterm birth has been linked to various long-term health and social outcomes, including lower school performance, higher drop-out rates, and an increased risk of chronic diseases in adulthood such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and hypertension. Therefore, all of the above options are correct.

Question 20

An infant with what special condition requires less energy than a healthy infant?

Accepted Answer

Infants with Down's syndrome typically have a slower metabolic rate and therefore require less energy than healthy infants.

Quiz 9: Infant Nutrition: Conditions and Interventions