Question 1

What does "prose" refer to, in the context of research writing?
A) text placed in a nonfictional document
B) sentences in the body, footnote, and appendix of a document
C) footnotes to charts that provide more information on the chart
D) the introduction or summary section of a research document

Accepted Answer

Prose in research writing refers to the ordinary form of written language, which includes sentences in the body, footnote, and appendix of a document.

Question 2

Which of the following types of presentations is not ideal for organizing a lot of numbers?
A) prose
B) chart
C) table
D) visuals

Accepted Answer

Prose is not ideal for organizing a lot of numbers because it makes it difficult for the audience to quickly grasp and compare the data. Charts, tables, and visuals are more effective in presenting numerical information in an organized and easily understandable manner.

Question 3

A research website was created to store data on specifications and quality measures of cell phones of different brands. The site was developed primarily to be a data source for research. Which type of presentation is best suited for the website?
A) visualizations
B) prose
C) tables
D) charts and graphs

Accepted Answer

Tables are best suited for presenting detailed data on specifications and quality measures of cell phones, allowing for easy comparison and analysis.

Question 4

Which presentation type is best suited to showing a trend or pattern, rather than precise values of numbers?
A) prose
B) graphs
C) bulleted text
D) tables

Accepted Answer

Graphs are best suited for showing trends or patterns as they visually represent data, making it easier to observe changes over time or relationships between variables.

Question 5

Which presentation tool is best suited to present research results to the general public?
A) 3D visualizations
B) prose with appendix
C) multiaxis graphs
D) simple tables and charts

Accepted Answer

Simple tables and charts are best suited for presenting research results to the general public because they are easy to understand and interpret, making the information accessible to a wider audience without requiring specialized knowledge.

Question 6

What should be always included in the title, label, or footnote of every table and chart?
A) the year the study was done
B) the W's of the research study
C) the table or chart sequence
D) the reference to external sources

Accepted Answer

The W's (who, what, when, where, why, and how) of the research study provide essential context for understanding the data presented in tables and charts, ensuring clarity and relevance.

Question 7

What is the function of a "topic sentence" in quantitative research?
A) state the title of the primary topic of the study
B) provide an introduction to the context of a research study
C) introduce the 'W' or issue that is discussed in a paragraph
D) declare the purpose of the study in a summary section

Accepted Answer

A topic sentence in any form of writing, including quantitative research, serves to introduce the main idea or issue that will be discussed in a particular paragraph. It helps to guide the reader on what to expect in the paragraph.

Question 8

"The gross domestic product of Ukraine rose from $112 billion in 2017 to $154 billion in 2019, a growth rate of 37.5% in 2 years (Table 9.1)". What type of sentence is this called in quantitative research?
A) evidentiary sentence
B) topic sentence
C) introductory sentence
D) referential sentence

Accepted Answer

An evidentiary sentence provides specific data or evidence to support a claim or analysis, which is what this sentence does by presenting GDP figures and growth rate.

Question 9

What is a transition sentence in expository writing?
A) sentence that begins the conclusion section of a paper
B) sentence to steer the reader from one topic to another
C) sentence that transitions from one value to another
D) sentence to end the body of a research paper

Accepted Answer

A transition sentence in expository writing is used to guide the reader smoothly from one topic or section to another, ensuring coherence and flow in the text.

Question 10

What are the three factors essential to reporting on numbers?
A) give the appropriate "W", context, and values
B) have an introduction, body, and conclusion
C) specify context, procedure, and units
D) state the objective; report, and interpret numbers

Accepted Answer

The answer of What are the three factors essential to...

Question 11

The power and precision of research writing can be enhanced by appropriate vocabulary and which of the following?
A) synonyms
B) analogies
C) adverbs
D) antonyms

Accepted Answer

Analogies can enhance the power and precision of research writing by providing clear, relatable comparisons that help explain complex ideas or data.

Question 12

When reporting a percentage or proportion, which phrase should be included after the value being reported?
A) "of" which item
B) "that is" which category
C) "o" number of decimals
D) "rounded to" which integer

Accepted Answer

The phrase "of" which item should be included after reporting a percentage or proportion to specify what the percentage or proportion is referring to, making the information clear and meaningful.

Question 13

Which fact must be specified in reporting a rate of occurrence?
A) ratio value
B) the rate
C) time period
D) units of ratio

Accepted Answer

The time period must be specified in reporting a rate of occurrence to provide context for the rate, such as per year, per month, etc., making the rate meaningful and interpretable.

Question 14

When reporting rank order of values, which factor is not captured in the ranking?
A) direction
B) magnitude
C) external comparison
D) max and min

Accepted Answer

Magnitude is not captured in the ranking because ranking only indicates the order of values, not the actual size or difference between them.

Question 15

Which of the following words, used in reporting a subtraction between two numbers, indicate the direction of the calculation?
A) margin
B) gap
C) absolute value
D) surplus

Accepted Answer

"Surplus" indicates the direction of the calculation as it refers to the amount by which one quantity exceeds another, implying a positive difference.

Question 16

In 2019, drivers between the ages of 18-25 years had three road incidents times more incidents than drivers aged 50 years or more. What is wrong with this statement?
A) Ratio should be stated without units.
B) Ratio should be stated with decimals.
C) Ratio should be given as a fraction.
D) Ratio should be given as 1:3.

Accepted Answer

The correct way to express ratios is without specifying units, as the ratio itself is a comparison of quantities in the same unit, making the inclusion of units redundant and potentially confusing.

Question 17

The mean height of students in college A was 72% as high as students in college B. How would this statement be interpreted as?
A) College B had lower mean height.
B) College A had higher mean height.
C) College A had lower mean height.
D) College B height was 72% larger.

Accepted Answer

The statement means that the average height of students in college A was 72% of the average height of students in college B, indicating that students in college A were shorter on average.

Question 18

What is a key requirement in describing the distribution of a nominal variable?
A) data table or chart
B) a reference category
C) variable composition
D) a pie chart with % of whole

Accepted Answer

A reference category is a key requirement in describing the distribution of a nominal variable because it provides a point of comparison for the other categories.

Question 19

In reporting on a quantitative distribution, what component enables a better description of the distribution?
A) data shown in bar charts
B) ratio variables rounded to integer
C) data shown in numeric order
D) a 3-D visual of the data

Accepted Answer

Arranging data in numeric order helps in understanding the distribution by making it easier to identify patterns, trends, and outliers.

Question 20

Other than describing the general pattern or shape of a continuous variable distribution, what other components of the distribution are usually presented? Choose the best answer.
A) measures of central tendency and spread
B) R-square statistic of the variable
C) outlier values of the variable distribution
D) standard error of the variable

Accepted Answer

Measures of central tendency (like mean, median, mode) and measures of spread (like range, variance, standard deviation) are key components presented alongside the general pattern or shape of a continuous variable distribution to provide a comprehensive understanding of the data's distribution.

Quiz 14: Communicating Quantitative Research

What does "prose" refer to, in the context of research writing?

Which of the following types of presentations is not ideal for organizing a lot of numbers?

A research website was created to store data on specifications and quality measures of cell phones of different brands. The site was developed primarily to be a data source for research. Which type of presentation is best suited for the website?

Which presentation type is best suited to showing a trend or pattern, rather than precise values of numbers?

Which presentation tool is best suited to present research results to the general public?

What should be always included in the title, label, or footnote of every table and chart?

What is the function of a "topic sentence" in quantitative research?

"The gross domestic product of Ukraine rose from $112 billion in 2017 to $154 billion in 2019, a growth rate of 37.5% in 2 years (Table 9.1) ". What type of sentence is this called in quantitative research?

What is a transition sentence in expository writing?

What are the three factors essential to reporting on numbers?

The power and precision of research writing can be enhanced by appropriate vocabulary and which of the following?

When reporting a percentage or proportion, which phrase should be included after the value being reported?

Which fact must be specified in reporting a rate of occurrence?

When reporting rank order of values, which factor is not captured in the ranking?

Which of the following words, used in reporting a subtraction between two numbers, indicate the direction of the calculation?

In 2019, drivers between the ages of 18-25 years had three road incidents times more incidents than drivers aged 50 years or more. What is wrong with this statement?

The mean height of students in college A was 72% as high as students in college B. How would this statement be interpreted as?

What is a key requirement in describing the distribution of a nominal variable?

In reporting on a quantitative distribution, what component enables a better description of the distribution?

Other than describing the general pattern or shape of a continuous variable distribution, what other components of the distribution are usually presented? Choose the best answer.