Question 1

Which consequence of white-collar crime is believed to have greater weight than the economic losses?

Accepted Answer

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Question 2

What was one of Benson and Choi's conclusions regarding the characteristics of white-collar offenders?

Accepted Answer

White-collar offenders come from all racial and ethnic groups.

Question 3

What does the warning light syndrome refer to?

Accepted Answer

The warning light syndrome refers to the phenomenon where an outbreak of white-collar crime in an area signals to the community that there are underlying issues that need to be addressed, much like a warning light in a vehicle indicates a problem that requires attention.

Question 4

Which of the following is one of the goals of the National White-Collar Crime Center?

Accepted Answer

The National White-Collar Crime Center aims to provide training and support to law enforcement and regulatory agencies in the investigation and prosecution of white-collar crimes.

Question 5

Research on public attitudes and white-collar crime have drawn which conclusion about how the public views these crimes?

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Question 6

One of the criticisms Sutherland received for his work with white-collar crime was the notion that his research had methodological ambiguity, which in effect meant that his research did not accurately reflect reality.

Accepted Answer

Sutherland's work on white-collar crime was indeed criticized for methodological ambiguity, among other things, because critics argued that his definitions were too broad and his methodology lacked the precision needed to accurately capture and reflect the reality of white-collar criminal behavior.

Question 7

Criminologists Clinard and Quinney built on Sutherland's work and divided white-collar crime into two types: corporate crime and organizational crime.

Accepted Answer

Clinard and Quinney expanded on Sutherland's concept of white-collar crime by categorizing it into two distinct types: corporate crime, which pertains to offenses committed by corporations for their benefit, and occupational (organizational) crime, which involves crimes committed by individuals within their occupational roles.

Question 8

White-collar crime as a violation of trust is the idea that offenders violate natural law and the ethical principles of a particular culture, subculture, or group.

Accepted Answer

White-collar crime as a violation of trust refers to the breach of societal trust and legal obligations by individuals in positions of power, authority, or influence, often within their professional roles, rather than a violation of natural law or cultural ethics per se.

Question 9

Investors sharing information about stocks is an example of white-collar crime as a violation of criminal law.

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Question 10

Government definitions of white-collar crime tend to be broader in nature than research definitions of white-collar crime.

Accepted Answer

Government definitions often encompass a wide range of non-violent, financial crimes committed by business and government professionals, while research definitions may focus more narrowly on specific types of fraud or corruption, aiming for precision in studying patterns and impacts.

Question 11

One of the main factors that makes the extent of white-collar crime so difficult to measure is that many offenders are not caught.

Accepted Answer

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Question 12

Experts believe that official data supplied by the government on white-collar crime greatly underestimates the extent to which it occurs.

Accepted Answer

Experts often argue that official data on white-collar crime underrepresents its true extent because such crimes can be difficult to detect, are not always reported, and the complexity of these crimes can lead to underreporting and underprosecution.

Question 13

One reason white-collar crime statistics published by the UCR are disputed by many criminologists is because many of the crimes included in the statistics occur outside the scope of employment.

Accepted Answer

The statement is true because the UCR only includes crimes that are reported to the police, and many white-collar crimes are not reported to the police.

Question 14

One of the positive consequences of white-collar crime is boundary maintenance, which refers to the fact that outbreaks of white-collar crime send a message to communities or businesses that something is wrong and needs to be fixed.

Accepted Answer

Boundary maintenance is not a positive consequence of white-collar crime. It is a negative consequence that refers to the fact that outbreaks of white-collar crime can damage the reputation of a community or business and make it difficult to attract new investment or customers.

Question 15

A study on the characteristics of white-collar offenders concluded that they have families, are mostly college-educated, are connected to their communities, and commit crimes later in life.

Accepted Answer

White-collar offenders often fit this profile because their positions of trust and authority, typically gained through education and community ties, provide them with the opportunities to commit non-violent crimes for financial gain, such as fraud or embezzlement, often later in their careers.

Question 16

Describe one of the types of criticism that Sutherland's work with white-collar crime was met with.

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Question 17

Describe three of the eleven variations of white-collar crime.

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Question 18

List one the problems with white-collar crime statistics published by agencies like the UCR.

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Question 19

Describe one of the positive consequences of white-collar crime.

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Question 20

What is the public's attitude toward white-collar offenders and do they take white-collar crime seriously?

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Quiz 2: Understanding White-Collar Crime