Question 1

Provide a description of the goals and philosophies of each of the five theoretical models of coping and adaptation to stress.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Provide a description of the goals and...

Question 2

A relatively permanent feeling of dread that seems to linger throughout one's lifetime due to concerns over questions such as "Why am I alive?" or "What is the meaning of life?" describes this type of anxiety:

Accepted Answer

Existential angst is characterized by a deep-seated dread or anxiety over fundamental questions about existence, such as the meaning of life and the reason for one's own existence.

Question 3

Which area of the brain is mainly responsible for fear and other emotions?

Accepted Answer

The amygdala is primarily responsible for processing emotions, including fear. It plays a key role in the emotional response and emotional memory.

Question 4

What does the mindfulness model predict about maladaptive behaviors in life?

Accepted Answer

Maladaptive behaviors are often a result of a loss of mindfulness. Mindfulness involves being fully present and engaged in the moment, without judgment. When individuals lose this focus and awareness, they may engage in maladaptive behaviors as a way to cope with stress, anxiety, or other negative emotions.

Question 5

The philosophy of which theoretical model is that people are shaped by their environment and experiences, and that all behavior is learned and reinforced?

Accepted Answer

The behavioral model emphasizes that people are shaped by their environment and experiences, positing that all behavior is learned through interaction with the environment and through reinforcement, a concept central to behaviorist theories such as those proposed by B.F. Skinner.

Question 6

The goal of which theoretical model is to create authentic relationships, increase awareness, express feelings, develop oneself, explore core issues that give life meaning, and address barriers to freedom and responsibility?

Accepted Answer

The humanistic theoretical model focuses on creating authentic relationships, increasing awareness, expressing feelings, developing oneself, exploring core issues that give life meaning, and addressing barriers to freedom and responsibility. This approach emphasizes personal growth and self-actualization.

Question 7

The goal of which theoretical model is to resolve conflicts from the past, change character, promote insight, and strengthen ego?

Accepted Answer

The psychoanalytical model, founded by Sigmund Freud, focuses on resolving conflicts from the past, changing character, promoting insight, and strengthening the ego. It delves into unconscious motivations and early developmental experiences to address psychological issues.

Question 8

Workaholics tend to be successful in their careers.

Accepted Answer

Workaholics often put in long hours and are dedicated to their work, which can lead to success in their careers.

Question 9

Eating large amounts of food at one sitting and then engaging in vomiting is an eating disorder called anorexia nervosa.

Accepted Answer

This behavior is characteristic of bulimia nervosa, not anorexia nervosa. Anorexia nervosa primarily involves restriction of food intake leading to a significantly low body weight.

Question 10

The behavioral model explains human behaviors through individuals' cognitive interpretations of their environmental experiences.

Accepted Answer

The behavioral model focuses on observable behaviors and the ways they are learned through interaction with the environment, rather than cognitive interpretations.

Question 11

Expressing anger ultimately leads to a release of stress.

Accepted Answer

Expressing anger can sometimes escalate stress and conflict if not managed properly, rather than leading to a release of stress. It depends on how the anger is expressed and managed.

Question 12

The process of blocking out of consciousness any upsetting thoughts is the defense mechanism called denial.

Accepted Answer

Denial is a defense mechanism that involves blocking out of consciousness any upsetting thoughts.

Question 13

Because of his fear of germs, Donald Trump avoids shaking hands with others.

Accepted Answer

Donald Trump is known for his germaphobic tendencies, which have led him to avoid shaking hands with others, although he has made exceptions in his role as a public figure and politician.

Question 14

According to Freud, which part of our personality acts as the negotiator and mediator of these conflicting forces in our psyche?

Accepted Answer

The ego acts as the negotiator and mediator between the conflicting forces of the id (instinctual desires) and the superego (moral and social standards) in our psyche, according to Freud's theory of personality.

Question 15

Freud suggested that people use which of the following to protect themselves from harm?

Accepted Answer

Freud suggested that people use defense mechanisms to protect themselves from psychological harm. These mechanisms include repression, denial, projection, and others, helping individuals cope with anxiety, stress, and unwanted thoughts.

Question 16

Which of the following qualities is not associated with mindfulness?

Accepted Answer

Mindfulness involves openness to new information, awareness of multiple perspectives, and awareness of the present moment, so none of the options listed are qualities not associated with mindfulness.

Question 17

Tracy normally fed her cat canned cat food. She noticed that every time she used her electric can opener, her cat would come to the garage. What is the unconditioned stimulus?

Accepted Answer

The unconditioned stimulus is the cat food because it naturally (without prior learning) causes the cat to come to the garage, indicating a reflexive or innate response to food.

Question 18

When John received a bonus for his hard work from his boss, what behavioral strategy did his boss use to influence John's behavior?

Accepted Answer

Operant conditioning is a behavioral strategy that involves the use of rewards or punishments to influence behavior. In this case, John's boss used a bonus, a form of reward, to positively reinforce John's hard work, encouraging him to continue or increase his efforts in the future.

Question 19

Which one is not part of the existentialist's ideology?

Accepted Answer

Existentialists believe in accepting anxiety as a part of life, viewing it as an inevitable condition of human existence. This contrasts with the other options, which align more closely with existentialist thought, such as accepting responsibility, finding personal meaning, and living in the present moment.

Question 20

Effective way(s) to control and redirect anger include(s) which of the following?

Accepted Answer

All the options listed (A through D) are effective ways to control and redirect anger. Expressing feelings constructively, accepting what cannot be changed, becoming more empathic, and thinking about the consequences of anger are all strategies that can help manage anger in a healthy way.

Quiz 4: Adaptive and Maladaptive Behavior