Question 1

Which of the following directions is of little value when discussing molars?

Accepted Answer

Labial, lingual, buccal, and occlusal are all directions used to describe teeth. However, molars are posterior teeth that are not visible from the front of the mouth, so the direction of labial (toward the lips) is not particularly relevant when discussing molars.

Question 2

When a person suffers from lower back pain, which vertebrae are most likely involved?

Accepted Answer

Lower back pain typically involves the lumbar vertebrae, which are located in the lower portion of the spine. The cervical vertebrae are located in the neck, while the thoracic vertebrae are in the upper and mid-back regions. Although back pain can occur in any part of the spine, the lumbar region is the most common site of pain and discomfort.

Question 3

The atlas (first vertebra) does not have which of the following components common to other vertebrae?

Accepted Answer

The atlas (C1 vertebra) lacks a body, which is a common feature of other vertebrae. Instead, it has a large vertebral foramen and articulates with the occipital condyles of the skull.

Question 4

The axial skeleton are composed of which of the following bones?

Accepted Answer

The axial skeleton includes the bones of the skull, vertebral column, sternum, and ribs. Therefore, all of the above options are correct.

Question 5

On which of the following planes does the sternum lie?

Accepted Answer

The answer of On which of the following planes does...

Question 6

Which of the following sinuses is especially useful in positively identify a person?

Accepted Answer

The frontal sinuses are unique to each individual, much like fingerprints, and can be used for positive identification.

Question 7

Which of the following is not a landmark on the base of the skull?

Accepted Answer

Nasion is a landmark on the anterior surface of the skull, not the base.

Question 8

The skull landmark that occurs at the intermaxillary suture above the two central incisors is called:

Accepted Answer

The landmark described is the Prosthion, which is the most anterior point on the upper jaw where the two maxillary bones meet at the intermaxillary suture, just above the central incisors. Bregma is the point where the sagittal and coronal sutures of the skull intersect. Nasion is the point where the frontal and two nasal bones meet. Lambda is the point where the sagittal and lambdoid sutures of the skull meet at the back of the head.

Question 9

Which of the following sutures separates the occipital from the parietals?

Accepted Answer

The lambdoid suture separates the occipital bone from the parietal bones. The internasal suture separates the nasal bones. The squamosal suture separates the temporal bone from the parietal bone. The sagittal suture separates the two parietal bones.

Question 10

Which of the following is not a bone of the braincase?

Accepted Answer

The maxilla is not a bone of the braincase. It is included in the facial bones. The frontal, parietals, and occipital are all bones that make up the braincase.

Question 11

The study of the human skull involves learning:

Accepted Answer

The study of the human skull involves learning about bones, sutures, and landmarks. Therefore, all the options (A, B, and C) are correct.

Question 12

Since tuberculosis often starts in the lungs where it can spread to other tissues including bone, which of the vertebrae are the most likely site of infection?

Accepted Answer

Tuberculosis commonly affects the spine, which is known as Pott's disease. The thoracic vertebrae are the most commonly affected, followed by the lumbar and cervical vertebrae, respectively. Therefore, the best choice is B, the thoracic vertebrae.

Question 13

Which of the following bones of the upper limbs is most likely to be involved when a person breaks their collar bone?

Accepted Answer

The collar bone, or clavicle, is the bone that connects the shoulder blade (scapula) to the breastbone (sternum) and is most likely to be involved in a broken collar bone. The humerus is the bone of the upper arm and is not directly connected to the collar bone.

Question 14

Which of the following areas are involved in the articulation of the humerus to other boney elements?

Accepted Answer

The articulation of the humerus involves the glenoid cavity of the scapula, the olecranon process of the ulna, and the trochlea of the humerus.

Question 15

The occlusal surface of teeth is covered by:

Accepted Answer

The occlusal surface of teeth is covered by enamel, which is the hardest and most mineralized tissue in the human body. Dentin and pulp are found underneath the enamel layer.

Question 16

The part of the tooth that we can see in our mouths is:

Accepted Answer

The crown is the part of the tooth that is visible in our mouths. The neck is the area where the crown meets the root below the gumline, and the root is the portion of the tooth that is embedded in the jawbone. Therefore, option D) "All of the above" is incorrect.

Question 17

Which of the following is not a histological structure of bone?

Accepted Answer

Periosteum is not a histological structure of bone, it is a membrane that covers the outer surface of bone.

Question 18

The proximal epiphysis of the ulna is the:

Accepted Answer

The olecranon process is the proximal epiphysis of the ulna, forming the point of the elbow and providing attachment for the triceps brachii muscle.

Question 19

The proximal epiphysis of the radius is the:

Accepted Answer

The proximal epiphysis of the radius is the head, which is the round, bulbous structure at the top of the bone that articulates with the capitulum of the humerus and the radial notch of the ulna. The radial tuberosity is located on the anterior surface of the bone, below the head. The styloid process is located on the distal end of the bone, and the ulnar notch is located on the medial surface of the bone, where it articulates with the ulna.

Question 20

The shin is what part of the tibia?

Accepted Answer

The shin is the anterior (front) part of the tibia, which is the larger of the two bones in the lower leg. The tibia has three main parts: the proximal (upper) epiphysis, the metaphysis (which contains the growth plate), and the diaphysis (the elongated shaft). The shin is located on the diaphysis, or the long part of the bone.

Quiz 2: Basics of Human Osteology and Odontology