Question 1

What were the key elements of President Andrew Johnson's Reconstruction policies that stirred objections from congressional Republicans? Why did congressional leaders so strongly object to those policies?

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Question 2

It has been wryly observed that "the North won the Civil War,but the South won Reconstruction." Interpret this statement and assess its truth.

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Question 3

Compare and contrast Lincoln's,Johnson's,and Congress's plans for Reconstruction.Cite what was included and what was omitted.Which program do you think was the best? Why?

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Question 4

Some historians have argued that Reconstruction was a total failure,while others have seen it as laying the foundation for future American progress in race relations and civil rights.What arguments can be made for each position? Which is more persuasive?

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Question 5

Assess the achievements and shortcomings of "radical" regimes in the South.What did they do that is worth admiring and worth condemning? What else might they have done to better achieve their goals?

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Question 6

Radical Republican leaders in Congress included

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...

Question 7

Under congressional Reconstruction,Southern states were required to

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Under congressional Reconstruction, Southern states were required to ratify the Fourteenth Amendment, which granted citizenship to all people born or naturalized in the United States, including former slaves, and to give freed slaves the right to vote. Although some efforts were made to provide land and education for former slaves, these were not requirements under Reconstruction. Protection of black religious freedom was also an important issue, but it was not a specific requirement under Reconstruction. The organization and support of the Republican party was an outcome of Reconstruction rather than a specific requirement.

Question 8

Radical Republicans have been both credited with having high ideals and accused of crass partisanship as motives for their Reconstruction policies.Which argument do you find more persuasive? Why?

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Question 9

The text authors claim that the midterm elections of 1866 were "more crucial than some presidential elections." Do you agree? Why or why not?

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Question 10

There are several examples in American history of rapid reconciliation with the defeated foe.Why didn't the South receive this sympathetic treatment in Reconstruction? Who or what do you fault for the harshness of Southern Reconstruction? Why?

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Question 11

Most radical Reconstruction regimes in the South

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...

Question 12

Congressional Reconstruction hoped to provide basic rights and protection for the former slaves in the South through the

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Question 13

Congress objected to the readmission of Southern states to the Union under Johnson's plan because

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Question 14

Had you been present,would you have been a supporter of President Johnson's plan for Reconstruction,a moderate Republican,or a radical Republican? Why?

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Question 15

What role did each of the following play in the congressional assumption of control over Reconstruction policy: Black Codes,Southern election of former Confederates,and President Johnson's personality and actions?

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Question 16

Why was President Johnson impeached? Why didn't the Senate convict him of "high crimes and misdemeanors"? Would Johnson's conviction have permanently altered the balance of power between Congress and the President?

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Question 17

The Fourteenth Amendment is commonly referred to as one of the most important additions to the Constitution.Why?

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Question 18

How did freed slaves respond to Reconstruction? How did freedom affect the economic,social,and political life of former slaves? In what ways was their freedom still incomplete?

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Question 19

Among the legacies of the Reconstruction effort were

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The Reconstruction era led to a decline in Republican influence in the South (C), reinforced states' rights and local governance (D), and left many white Southerners feeling resentful (E). However, it did not establish lasting civil rights or economic guarantees for Southern blacks (A and B).

Quiz 22: The Ordeal of Reconstruction,1865-1877