Question 1

The nurse is discussing appropriate foods with the mother of a 3-year-old child.Which of these foods are recommended?

Accepted Answer

Use of small portions,finger foods,simple meals,and nutritious snacks help to improve dietary intake.Foods likely to be aspirated should be avoided (e.g.,hot dogs,nuts,grapes,round candies,popcorn).

Question 2

The nurse is performing a nutritional assessment on a 15-year-old girl,who tells the nurse that she is "so fat." Assessment reveals that she is 5 feet 4 inches and weighs 110 pounds.The nurse's appropriate response would be:

Accepted Answer

Adolescents' increased body awareness and self-consciousness may cause eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa or bulimia,conditions in which the real or perceived body image does not compare favorably to an ideal image.The nurse should not belittle the girl's feelings,provide unsolicited advice,or agree with the adolescent.

Question 3

The nurse is reviewing the nutritional assessment of an 82-year-old patient.Which of these factors is most likely to affect the nutritional status of an elderly person?

Accepted Answer

Socioeconomic conditions frequently affect the nutritional status of the aging adult;these factors should be closely evaluated.Physical limitations,income,and social isolation are frequent problems that interfere with the acquisition of a balanced diet.A decrease in taste and smell and decreased gastrointestinal motility and absorption occur with aging.Cardiovascular status is not a factor that affects an elderly person's nutritional status.

Question 4

The nurse is reviewing a patient's nutritional assessment.Which statement is true concerning the nutritional assessment?

Accepted Answer

The purposes of the nutritional assessment are to (1)identify individuals who are malnourished or are at risk for development of malnutrition,(2)provide data for designing a plan of care that will prevent or minimize the development of malnutrition,and (3)establish baseline data for evaluating the efficacy of nutritional care.

Question 5

How should the nurse perform a triceps skinfold assessment?

Accepted Answer

Release the lever of the calipers while holding the skinfold.Wait 3 seconds and then take a reading.Repeat three times and average the three skinfold measurements.

Question 6

The nurse is providing care for a 68-year-old woman who is complaining of constipation.What concern exists regarding her nutritional status?

Accepted Answer

Gastrointestinal symptoms such as vomiting,diarrhea,or constipation may interfere with nutrient intake or absorption.The other responses are not correct.

Question 7

The nurse is seeing for the first time a patient who has no history of nutrition-related problems.The initial nutritional screening should include which activity?

Accepted Answer

Parameters used for nutrition screening typically include weight and weight history,conditions associated with increased nutritional risk,diet information,and routine laboratory data.The other responses reflect a more in-depth assessment rather than a screening.

Question 8

A pregnant woman is interested in breastfeeding her baby,and asks several questions about the topic.Which information is appropriate for the nurse to share with her?

Accepted Answer

Breastfeeding is recommended for full-term infants for the first year of life because breast milk is ideally formulated to promote normal infant growth and development and natural immunity.The other statements are not correct.

Question 9

When considering a nutritional assessment,the nurse is aware that the most common anthropometric measurements include:

Accepted Answer

The most commonly used anthropometric measures are height,weight,triceps skinfold thickness,elbow breadth,and arm and head circumferences.

Question 10

A patient is asked to indicate on a form how many times he eats a specific food.This would describe which of these methods for obtaining dietary information?

Accepted Answer

With this tool,information is collected on how many times per day,week,or month the individual eats particular foods,which provides an estimate of usual intake.

Question 11

The nurse is assessing a 30-year-old unemployed immigrant from an underdeveloped country who has been in the United States for 1 month.Which of these problems related to his nutritional status might the nurse expect to find?

Accepted Answer

General undernutrition,hypertension,diarrhea,lactose intolerance,osteomalacia (soft bones),scurvy,and dental caries are among the more common nutrition-related problems of new immigrants from developing countries.

Question 12

A patient tells the nurse that his food just doesn't have any taste anymore.The nurse's best response would be:

Accepted Answer

With changes in appetite,taste,smell,or chewing or swallowing,the examiner asks about the type of change and when the change occurred.These problems interfere with adequate nutrient intake.The other responses are not correct.

Question 13

When assessing a patient's nutritional status,the nurse recalls that the best definition of optimal nutritional status is:

Accepted Answer

Optimal nutritional status is achieved when sufficient nutrients are consumed to support day-to-day body needs and any increased metabolic demands resulting from growth,pregnancy,or illness.

Question 14

During a nutritional assessment of a 22-year-old male refugee,the nurse must remember to:

Accepted Answer

Although one may assume that the term "food" is a universal concept,the person should clarify what is meant by the term.The other responses are not appropriate for this situation.

Question 15

During a nutritional assessment,why is it important for the nurse to ask a patient what medications he or she is taking?

Accepted Answer

Analgesics,antacids,anticonvulsants,antibiotics,diuretics,laxatives,antineoplastic drugs,steroids,and oral contraceptives are drugs that can interact with nutrients,impairing their digestion,absorption,metabolism,or use.The other responses are not correct.

Question 16

If a 29-year-old woman weighs 156 pounds and the nurse determines her ideal body weight to be 120 pounds,how would the nurse classify the woman's weight?

Accepted Answer

Obesity,due to caloric excess,refers to weight more than 20% above ideal body weight.For this patient,20% of her ideal body weight would be 24 pounds,and greater than 20% of her body weight would be over 144 pounds.Therefore having a weight of 156 pounds would be considered obese.

Question 17

The nurse is providing nutrition information to the mother of a 1-year-old child.Which of these statements represents accurate information for this age group?

Accepted Answer

Because of rapid growth,especially of the brain,infants and children younger than 2 years should not drink skim or low-fat milk or be placed on low-fat diets-fat (calories and essential fatty acids)is required for proper growth and central nervous system development.

Question 18

To assess the muscle mass and fat stores on a 40-year-old woman,the nurse would use:

Accepted Answer

Mid-upper arm circumference estimates skeletal muscle mass and fat stores.Triceps skinfold provides an estimate of the body fat stores or the extent of obesity or undernutrition.The other responses are not used to assess measures of nutritional status.

Question 19

The nurse recognizes that which of these persons is at greatest risk for undernutrition?

Accepted Answer

Vulnerable groups for undernutrition are infants,children,pregnant women,recent immigrants,persons with low incomes,hospitalized people,and aging adults.

Question 20

A mother and her 13-year-old daughter express their concern related to the daughter's recent weight gain and increase in appetite.Which of these statements represents information the nurse should discuss with them?

Accepted Answer

After a period of slow growth in late childhood,adolescence is characterized by rapid physical growth and endocrine and hormonal changes.Caloric and protein requirements increase to meet this demand.Because of bone growth and increasing muscle mass (and,in girls,the onset of menarche),calcium and iron requirements also increase.

Quiz 11: Nutritional Assessment