Question 1

One of the most difficult problems in engaging the community is ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of One of the most difficult problems in...

Question 2

Diverting ___________ offenders to community sanctioning processes such as mediation may reduce future offending as community groups and citizens become more aware of the needs and risks presented by such offenders.

Accepted Answer

Diverting first-time offenders to community sanctioning processes such as mediation may have a significant impact on reducing future offending. This is because community groups and citizens become more aware of the needs and risks presented by such offenders, and may work to prevent reoffending by providing support and guidance. Diverting habitual or repeat offenders, on the other hand, may not have the same impact, as these individuals may be less responsive to community-based interventions. Marginal offenders may also be less responsive to community-based interventions, but this term is not well-defined and could refer to a variety of different types of offenders.

Question 3

According to Clear and Karp, "individuals need a certain amount of __________ in order to pursue their own happiness."

Accepted Answer

According to Clear and Karp, individuals need a certain amount of security in order to pursue their own happiness, as it provides a stable foundation for individuals to explore and achieve their personal goals.

Question 4

Two of the more progressive states pursuing the community justice model, as discussed in the text, are _________.

Accepted Answer

According to the text, Vermont and Minnesota are mentioned as two of the more progressive states pursuing the community justice model.

Question 5

Which of the following is not listed as a line that social imbalances cross in creating a significant obstacle for implementing a community model?

Accepted Answer

The article lists economic, racial, and gender as social imbalances that can create obstacles for implementing a community model, but does not list religious as one of them.

Question 6

In past decades, community members-with the encouragement and support of police, schools, churches, and other socializing institutions-often "took care of" problems that now end up in juvenile and criminal justice courts.

Accepted Answer

This statement is true. In the past, socializing institutions and community members would work together to address and solve problems, rather than relying solely on the juvenile and criminal justice systems.

Question 7

In the traditional model, the sanctions for criminal behavior must bring compensation or satisfaction to the victim as well as harmony and peace to the community.

Accepted Answer

In the traditional model of criminal justice, the focus is primarily on punishing the offender rather than compensating the victim or restoring harmony to the community. Restorative justice models, however, emphasize compensation and community harmony.

Question 8

Community justice also requires centralization of authority and accountability.

Accepted Answer

Community justice emphasizes decentralization of authority and empowerment of local communities to take control of their own justice systems. This often involves greater accountability to the community rather than a centralized authority.

Question 9

When the community is "involved," the government, while valuing community input in an advisory role, still dominates and controls the process. Community engagement, on the other hand, suggests partnership between criminal justice agencies and the community.

Accepted Answer

Community involvement often means that the government is taking input and suggestions from the community, but still ultimately making the decisions and controlling the process. Community engagement, however, implies a more collaborative and equal partnership between criminal justice agencies and the community.

Question 10

Government or nonprofit programs that are located in the community but do not involve community members in decision making or offender reintegration are examples of restorative community justice.

Accepted Answer

Restorative community justice involves community members in decision making and offender reintegration. Programs that do not involve community members do not align with this approach.

Question 11

What are the fundamental differences between the restorative community justice model and the traditional justice model? (Name at least three.)

Accepted Answer

The answer of What are the fundamental differences between the...

Question 12

Describe the differences in the relationships between government and the community in the restorative community justice model as compared with the traditional justice model?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the differences in the relationships between...

Question 13

The restorative community justice approach may not be appropriate for all offenders and communities. Discuss Etzioni's suggestions regarding the conditions and limitations of community justice. Do you agree or disagree with his suggestions?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The restorative community justice approach may not...

Question 14

Discuss circle sentencing and peacemaking circles, which are derived from ancient aboriginal practices. Can you think of any other practices that may be relevant to a restorative community justice approach?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discuss circle sentencing and peacemaking circles, which...

Question 15

You have just been named the restorative community justice planner in your state's Department of Corrections. How will you promote the idea of restorative community justice in your state? What will you do to engage communities in participating in restorative community justice practices? Who would you need to talk to, and why? What key community members would you need to involve?

Accepted Answer

The answer of You have just been named the restorative...

Question 16

Ethics Focus: "An Eye for an Eye?"
You are in charge of the Governor's "community empowerment" task force, which has involved community representatives from each county in your state. The task force is charged with making recommendations to the Governor regarding how the state could improve the justice process within the community. The representatives seem to fall into one of two groups: those who advocate a more retributive approach and those who support a more restorative approach. The retributive group wants offenders to be punished within the community. They offered suggestions such as publishing their names in the paper, performing community service while wearing old-fashioned prison uniforms, and a one-strike program by which they would be sent to the state prison after one violation. The restorative group is more concerned with reconciling victims and offenders whenever possible, which would include financial restitution and counseling in many cases. Your role is to bring the two factions together and come up with a useful recommendation to the Governor's office.
-What are some of the ethical issues regarding the retributive and restorative factions?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Ethics Focus: "An Eye for an Eye?"
You...

Question 17

Ethics Focus: "An Eye for an Eye?"
You are in charge of the Governor's "community empowerment" task force, which has involved community representatives from each county in your state. The task force is charged with making recommendations to the Governor regarding how the state could improve the justice process within the community. The representatives seem to fall into one of two groups: those who advocate a more retributive approach and those who support a more restorative approach. The retributive group wants offenders to be punished within the community. They offered suggestions such as publishing their names in the paper, performing community service while wearing old-fashioned prison uniforms, and a one-strike program by which they would be sent to the state prison after one violation. The restorative group is more concerned with reconciling victims and offenders whenever possible, which would include financial restitution and counseling in many cases. Your role is to bring the two factions together and come up with a useful recommendation to the Governor's office.
-How can you balance the concerns of the two factions?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Ethics Focus: "An Eye for an Eye?"
You...

Question 18

Ethics Focus: "An Eye for an Eye?"
You are in charge of the Governor's "community empowerment" task force, which has involved community representatives from each county in your state. The task force is charged with making recommendations to the Governor regarding how the state could improve the justice process within the community. The representatives seem to fall into one of two groups: those who advocate a more retributive approach and those who support a more restorative approach. The retributive group wants offenders to be punished within the community. They offered suggestions such as publishing their names in the paper, performing community service while wearing old-fashioned prison uniforms, and a one-strike program by which they would be sent to the state prison after one violation. The restorative group is more concerned with reconciling victims and offenders whenever possible, which would include financial restitution and counseling in many cases. Your role is to bring the two factions together and come up with a useful recommendation to the Governor's office.
-What will you recommend?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Ethics Focus: "An Eye for an Eye?"
You...

Quiz 5: Restorative Community Justice

One of the most difficult problems in engaging the community is ________.

Diverting ___________ offenders to community sanctioning processes such as mediation may reduce future offending as community groups and citizens become more aware of the needs and risks presented by such offenders.

According to Clear and Karp, "individuals need a certain amount of __________ in order to pursue their own happiness."

Two of the more progressive states pursuing the community justice model, as discussed in the text, are _________.

Which of the following is not listed as a line that social imbalances cross in creating a significant obstacle for implementing a community model?

In past decades, community members-with the encouragement and support of police, schools, churches, and other socializing institutions-often "took care of" problems that now end up in juvenile and criminal justice courts.

In the traditional model, the sanctions for criminal behavior must bring compensation or satisfaction to the victim as well as harmony and peace to the community.

Community justice also requires centralization of authority and accountability.

When the community is "involved," the government, while valuing community input in an advisory role, still dominates and controls the process. Community engagement, on the other hand, suggests partnership between criminal justice agencies and the community.

Government or nonprofit programs that are located in the community but do not involve community members in decision making or offender reintegration are examples of restorative community justice.

What are the fundamental differences between the restorative community justice model and the traditional justice model? (Name at least three.)

Describe the differences in the relationships between government and the community in the restorative community justice model as compared with the traditional justice model?

The restorative community justice approach may not be appropriate for all offenders and communities. Discuss Etzioni's suggestions regarding the conditions and limitations of community justice. Do you agree or disagree with his suggestions?

Discuss circle sentencing and peacemaking circles, which are derived from ancient aboriginal practices. Can you think of any other practices that may be relevant to a restorative community justice approach?