Question 1

Which of the following produces static images and cannot monitor brain activity?

Accepted Answer

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) produces static images but cannot monitor brain activity.

Question 2

_____ is a measure of brain activity in which a small amount of radioactive sugar is injected into an individual's bloodstream, following which a computer measures the varying levels of radiation in different parts of the brain and yields a multicolored image.

Accepted Answer

Positron emission tomography (PET) scan is the only measure of brain activity that involves the injection of a small amount of radioactive sugar into an individual's bloodstream and the computer measures the varying levels of radiation in different parts of the brain to create a multicolored image. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) do not involve the injection of radioactive substances, and electroencephalogram (EEG) measures brain activity through electrodes placed on the scalp.

Question 3

Which of the following is a variant of the PET scan that permits a longer and more detailed imaging analysis?

Accepted Answer

SPECT (Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography) is a variant of the PET scan that allows for longer and more detailed imaging analysis by using gamma rays to create 3D images, providing detailed information about blood flow and metabolism in the brain.

Question 4

_____ is a scanning method that measures metabolic activity of neurons, and therefore may indicate areas of brain damage.

Accepted Answer

Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) measures metabolic activity of neurons, and therefore may indicate areas of brain damage.

Question 5

The brain imaging technique which constructs a picture of actual activity in the brain is the

Accepted Answer

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a brain imaging technique that uses a magnetic field and radio waves to construct a picture of actual activity in the brain. Electrocardiography (ECG) is a technique used to measure the electrical activity of the heart, not the brain. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) uses a magnetic field and radio waves to produce detailed images of the body's internal structures, but does not specifically show brain activity. Computed axial tomography (CAT) scan uses X-rays to produce cross-sectional images of the body, but again, does not specifically show brain activity.

Question 6

The fMRI allows researchers to see

Accepted Answer

The fMRI (functional magnetic resonance imaging) allows researchers to see how people's brains react to different kinds of stimuli in real time. It detects changes in blood flow and oxygen levels in the brain, indicating which areas of the brain are active during specific tasks or experiences. It does not measure neurotransmitter levels or brain waves. While it can show where specific mental activities are taking place, this is only in relation to the stimuli presented during the fMRI scan.

Question 7

Which of the following is a major advantage of the fMRI?

Accepted Answer

fMRI does not require injection of radioactive materials unlike PET scans. This reduces potential risks and discomfort for the patient.

Question 8

Which of the following is a limitation of the fMRI?

Accepted Answer

People with artificial limbs made from metals such as titanium cannot use the fMRI because the magnetic field used in the imaging process can cause the metal to heat up and damage surrounding tissue. The other options are incorrect as fMRI can provide real-time images, does not require injection of radioactive materials, and can be used by people with cardiovascular diseases.

Question 9

Researchers examining brain abnormalities using fMRIs can conclude all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) allows researchers to see which parts of the brain are active during specific tasks (B), compare brain functioning between healthy and abnormal patients (C), and understand the brain areas involved in processing information (D). However, it cannot precisely determine what a subject was thinking at the time of the test (A).

Question 10

_____ is a method of investigating abnormalities in the white matter of the brain.

Accepted Answer

Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is a type of MRI that uses the diffusion of water molecules in the brain to investigate the structure of white matter pathways. It is a non-invasive method that can provide information about the integrity and connectivity of neural fibers in the brain. Options A, C, and D are not related to investigating abnormalities in the white matter of the brain.

Question 11

Kim's physician suspecting that she might be suffering from schizophrenia, investigates the white matter of her brain for abnormalities. Identify the method of investigation employed by Kim's physician to investigate the white matter.

Accepted Answer

Diffusion tensor imaging is a type of advanced MRI technique that provides information about the white matter of the brain by measuring the directional movement of water molecules along the axons. This method can help identify any abnormalities or changes in the white matter, which could be indicative of certain neurological conditions, such as schizophrenia.

Question 12

The diffusion tensor imaging method primarily

Accepted Answer

Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) primarily tracks the diffusion of water molecules in the brain along the length of axons. This information is used to create images of the brain's white matter tracts, which can help to identify abnormalities or disruptions in neural connectivity. DTI does not study allele composition, track neuron paths in synaptic clefts, or deliver electrical stimulation to the brain.

Question 13

Psychological assessments are used strictly for purposes of determining psychiatric diagnoses.

Accepted Answer

While psychological assessments can be used to help determine psychiatric diagnoses, they can also be used for a variety of other purposes such as assessing intelligence, personality traits, and cognitive functioning.

Question 14

In addition to determining a test's reliability and validity, it is important to take into account its applicability to test-takers from a diversity of backgrounds.

Accepted Answer

Considering the applicability of a test to individuals from diverse backgrounds is important for ensuring fairness and minimizing bias. Factors such as cultural norms, language proficiency, and socioeconomic status can potentially impact a test taker's performance, and it is important to ensure that the test does not unfairly disadvantage individuals from certain groups. Therefore, test developers and administrators should take steps to address potential sources of bias and ensure that the test is fair and equitable for all test takers.

Question 15

There are only two criteria for evidence-based assessment that includes relying on research findings and scientifically viable theories and using psychometrically strong measures.

Accepted Answer

Evidence-based assessment also includes criteria such as clinical expertise, patient values, and the best available evidence, not just research findings, scientifically viable theories, and psychometrically strong measures.

Question 16

Instances where individuals take the same intelligence test twice, and receive a higher score the second time, can be explained by the Barnum effect.

Accepted Answer

The Barnum effect refers to the tendency of individuals to believe that vague and general descriptions apply specifically to them, rather than to a larger group. It does not explain improvements in intelligence test scores upon repeated testing, which may be attributed to practice effects or increased familiarity with the test format.

Question 17

A clinician using evidence-based assessment is one who makes diagnostic determinations and treatment recommendations based only on behavioral observations of the client and standardized personality tests, and not on self-reported symptoms or clinical interviews.

Accepted Answer

Evidence-based assessment involves using multiple sources of information, including self-reported symptoms and clinical interviews, in addition to behavioral observations and standardized tests. The clinician should consider all available information to make diagnostic determinations and treatment recommendations.

Question 18

Information about family mental health history is typically collected as part of the initial clinical interview.

Accepted Answer

Family mental health history is an important aspect of a patient's medical history and is typically collected during the initial clinical interview. It can provide valuable information about potential genetic or environmental risk factors for mental health issues.

Question 19

A structured interview can either provide a diagnosis on which to further base treatment or classify the client's symptoms into a DSM disorder.

Accepted Answer

A structured interview can be used to provide a diagnosis based on DSM criteria or classify symptoms into a DSM disorder.

Question 20

Only licensed mental health professionals can administer the SCID.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Only licensed mental health professionals can administer...

Quiz 3: Assessment