Question 1

In the writings of the Chicago School, the term "community" was often a synonym for "urban neighborhood".

Accepted Answer

The Chicago School used the term "community" to describe urban neighborhoods and their social dynamics, making it a synonym for that particular type of social and geographic unit.

Question 2

Middletown residents lost local control over their destiny and alienation; radicalization and changing values followed.

Accepted Answer

The statement is too broad and lacks context, making it impossible to determine its accuracy without specific information about which Middletown is being referred to, the time period in question, and the specific circumstances involved.

Question 3

There is currently no consensus on the significance of community in modern social life.

Accepted Answer

While many people still value and actively participate in various types of communities, others argue that modern social life is increasingly individualistic and disconnected from traditional forms of community. There is ongoing debate and disagreement on this issue among scholars and the general public.

Question 4

Yankee City suggests that urbanites engage in community activities on the basis of propinquity.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Yankee City suggests that urbanites engage in...

Question 5

One type of local community, the defended neighborhood, is defined in the text as the smallest spatial unit within which co-residents assume a relative degree of security on the streets as compared to adjacent areas.

Accepted Answer

This statement accurately describes the definition of a defended neighborhood as given in the text.

Question 6

The concept of the defended neighborhood emphasizes the voluntary and limited involvement of residents in the local community.

Accepted Answer

The concept of the defended neighborhood emphasizes strong community involvement and collective action to deter crime and protect the neighborhood. It is not limited to voluntary involvement of residents.

Question 7

The community of limited liability is defined by commercial interests and government agencies-NOT by internal community awareness.

Accepted Answer

The community of limited liability is primarily defined by commercial interests and government agencies, rather than by a shared sense of community among its members. Limited liability entities like corporations exist primarily to protect their investors from personal liability, and are oriented towards maximizing profits rather than building a cohesive community. While some corporations may foster a sense of internal community among their employees and stakeholders, this is not the primary defining characteristic of limited liability entities.

Question 8

The expanded community of limited liability is less fragmented and diffuse than the community of limited liability.

Accepted Answer

The expanded community of limited liability is more fragmented and diffuse, as it includes a wider range of stakeholders beyond the traditional shareholders, such as employees, customers, and the broader society, leading to a more diverse set of interests and perspectives.

Question 9

Conscious communities tend to be more homogeneous than other communities.

Accepted Answer

Conscious communities often share similar values, beliefs, and practices which can lead to more homogeneity within the community.

Question 10

The Chicago School of urban sociology did not regard high urban rates of density as a social problem.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The Chicago School of urban sociology did...

Question 11

Experimental animal studies tend to support the view that high density and crowding produce a long list of physical and behavioral pathologies among animals.

Accepted Answer

This statement is true. Numerous studies have shown that high density and crowding can lead to physical and behavioral problems in animals. For example, in laboratory mice, overcrowding can lead to increased aggression, reduced immune function, and decreased reproductive success. In wild animals, crowding can lead to increased stress, disease transmission, and altered social behavior.

Question 12

Research studies in urban areas have shown a clear correlation between density and human pathology.

Accepted Answer

While some research suggests a correlation between high density and certain stress-related conditions, the relationship between urban density and overall human pathology is complex and not conclusively negative. Factors such as social support, green spaces, and urban design play significant roles in mediating this relationship.

Question 13

The level of crowding is socially defined.

Accepted Answer

The level of crowding is determined by social norms and expectations, which can vary between different cultures and contexts. Therefore, it is socially defined.

Question 14

According to the text, upper middle-class white populations in the U.S. have been socialized to view high density and crowding as a positive sign of community vitality.

Accepted Answer

According to the text, upper middle-class white populations in the U.S. have been socialized to view low density and spaciousness as a positive sign of community vitality, not high density and crowding.

Question 15

Whyte discovered that people move toward urban spaces of highest per-person density.

Accepted Answer

Whyte's research on urban plazas found that people tend to gather and spend time in areas with the highest per-person density, indicating a preference for crowded urban spaces.

Question 16

Incentive zoning produced areas of social interaction.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Incentive zoning produced areas of social interaction....

Question 17

Whyte's research indicated that to restore lively and safe street life to an urban area, one of the things that must be done is to ensure that all new buildings have retail shops on the street level.

Accepted Answer

Whyte's research found that having retail shops on the street level of new buildings contributes to a vibrant and safe street life in urban areas.

Question 18

According to the text, most studies about the extent of homelessness in the U.S. estimate the number of homeless to be 4 million people.

Accepted Answer

The text does not provide a specific estimate for the number of homeless people in the U.S. It only states that there is a lack of accurate data on the topic.

Question 19

A 2007 report by the Department of Housing and Urban Development and a2012 report respectively estimated that there were 754,000 and 633,782 homeless people each night in the U.S.

Accepted Answer

The statement accurately reflects the estimates provided in the 2007 and 2012 reports by the Department of Housing and Urban Development.

Question 20

The report by the Department of Housing and Urban Development estimated that approximately 66 percent of the homeless are single.

Accepted Answer

The report by the Department of Housing and Urban Development estimates that approximately 66 percent of the homeless are single.

Quiz 8: The Social Environment of Metro Areas: Strangers, Crowding, Homelessness, and Crime