Question 1

Which of the following statements is NOT an aspect of so-called empirically supported treatments (ESTs)?

Accepted Answer

The statement "ESTs are dependent upon an empathetic relationship and fitness between client and therapist" is actually an aspect of ESTs, as a good therapeutic relationship is considered important for successful outcomes.

Question 2

All of the following are statements from clients that a cognitive therapist might identify as self-defeating, EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

Option C does not contain any self-defeating statement. It acknowledges the difficulty of the exam, but does not negate the individual's efforts or abilities. In contrast, options A, B, and D all contain negative self-talk that undermine the individual's self-esteem and motivation.

Question 3

In order to identify self-defeating thoughts and help the patient become aware of them, cognitive-behaviour therapists often ask clients to

Accepted Answer

Keeping a thought journal to record automatic thoughts for a week is a common technique used in cognitive-behaviour therapy to identify self-defeating thoughts. This allows therapists to help their clients become aware of their negative thinking patterns and challenge them. Freely associating to words and keeping a dream journal may be useful in therapy for other purposes, but not specifically for identifying self-defeating thoughts. Engaging in Buddhist meditation may be helpful for some individuals, but it is not a standard technique used in cognitive-behaviour therapy to identify self-defeating thoughts.

Question 4

Carl Rogers is known for the development of this type of therapy that stresses the importance of the therapist extending unconditional positive regard and acceptance to the client regardless of the client's behaviour or personal characteristics.

Accepted Answer

Carl Rogers is credited with developing client-centred therapy, also known as person-centred therapy, which emphasizes the importance of the therapist showing unconditional positive regard and acceptance to the client, as well as empathy and genuineness in the therapeutic relationship.

Question 5

When a psychotherapist "prescribes" a self-help book to a patient as an adjunct to in person therapy sessions, he or she is engaging in

Accepted Answer

When a psychotherapist recommends a self-help book to a patient as a supplement to in-person therapy sessions, it is referred to as bibliotherapy. This approach allows the patient to increase their knowledge and insight into specific issues and work on them independently of the therapist. It is a form of self-help therapy, but the therapist is still providing guidance and support by selecting an appropriate book for the patient's needs.

Question 6

Smith and Glass analysed the results of several studies of the effectiveness of psychotherapy and concluded that those participants in psychotherapy outcome research who were actually given therapy did

Accepted Answer

Smith and Glass concluded that participants who received psychotherapy did better than those who received no treatment at all.

Question 7

The equality of success rates among therapies has been referred to as the

Accepted Answer

The phrase "dodo bird verdict" refers to the idea that all therapy techniques are roughly equal in terms of their effectiveness. This concept originated from a passage in Lewis Carroll's "Alice in Wonderland" where the dodo bird declares that everyone has won and all must have prizes. Similarly, this concept suggests that all therapies have comparable rates of success.

Question 8

Though it is not necessarily more effective than CBT, behaviour therapy is often said to be preferable for treating

Accepted Answer

Behaviour therapy is often considered preferable for treating phobias because it focuses on changing specific behaviors related to the phobia, such as avoidance, through gradual exposure to the feared object or situation. This can be more effective than simply talking about the phobia in CBT.

Question 9

The positive emotions and affection between therapist and client and both parties' joint commitment to accomplish the important work of healing are important for this common factor of therapeutic change.

Accepted Answer

The common factor of therapeutic change described in the statement is the therapeutic alliance, which refers to the positive and trusting relationship between the therapist and client, as well as their shared goals and commitment to the therapeutic process. Therapeutic allegiance refers to the therapist's belief in their chosen therapeutic approach or technique, therapeutic competence relates to the therapist's ability to effectively provide treatment, and therapeutic modelling refers to the therapist's intentional use of their own behavior to influence the client.

Question 10

The therapist's intellectual commitment to the specific type of therapy he or she has chosen to practice is the basis for the common factor known as

Accepted Answer

Therapeutic allegiance refers to the therapist's belief in the effectiveness of the chosen modality and their commitment to it. This belief can affect the therapist's behavior, attitudes, and therapeutic techniques, thereby impacting the therapeutic outcome.

Question 11

The common factor of effectiveness known as therapist competence refers to the fact that

Accepted Answer

Therapist competence refers to the therapist's ability to produce positive outcomes for their clients. It is not necessarily related to their level of empathy, the techniques they use, or their amount of training.

Question 12

The use of drugs and other substances like nutritional supplements to treat psychological disorders and distress is called

Accepted Answer

Pharmacotherapy refers to the use of drugs and other substances to treat psychological disorders and distress. Psychiatry is a medical specialty that deals with mental illnesses, but it is not specific to pharmacotherapy. Psychoanalysis is a form of psychotherapy that seeks to explore unconscious thoughts and emotions. Biological therapy is a broader term that encompasses various forms of medical treatment for mental illnesses, including pharmacotherapy but also other types of interventions like electroconvulsive therapy and transcranial magnetic stimulation.

Question 13

Benzodiazepines are the most common class of medications known as

Accepted Answer

Benzodiazepines are primarily prescribed as anxiolytics, meaning they are used to treat anxiety and related symptoms such as panic attacks and insomnia. They are not commonly used as antipsychotics, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, or mood stabilizers.

Question 14

Benzodiazepines are the most common class of medications known as

Accepted Answer

The answer of Benzodiazepines are the most common class of...

Question 15

Anxiolytic medications such as benzodiazepines and barbiturates mainly affect the neurotransmitter

Accepted Answer

Anxiolytic medications such as benzodiazepines and barbiturates enhance the effects of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), which is an inhibitory neurotransmitter that reduces activity in the central nervous system. This leads to a decrease in anxiety and can also cause sedation and muscle relaxation.

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a class of antidepressant drugs?

Accepted Answer

Mood stabilizers are not a class of antidepressant drugs. They are used to treat mood disorders such as bipolar disorder and are different from antidepressants. MAO inhibitors, tricyclic antidepressants, and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors are all classes of antidepressant drugs.

Question 17

These antidepressants inhibit the brain's reuptake of several neurotransmitters, primarily norepinephrine and serotonin, thus prolonging activity of these chemicals at synapses. a. selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors

Accepted Answer

Tricyclic antidepressants work by inhibiting the reuptake of both norepinephrine and serotonin, thereby increasing their levels and activity in the brain. This contrasts with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) that specifically target serotonin reuptake. MAO inhibitors work by inhibiting the monoamine oxidase enzyme that breaks down neurotransmitters like serotonin and norepinephrine, and barbiturates are not antidepressants but are sedatives that affect the central nervous system.

Question 18

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) differ from tricyclic antidepressants because SSRIs

Accepted Answer

SSRIs selectively affect the reuptake of serotonin, whereas tricyclic antidepressants affect the reuptake of both serotonin and norepinephrine.

Question 19

These drugs combine selectivity for the neurotransmitter norepinephrine as well as for serotonin.

Accepted Answer

The answer of These drugs combine selectivity for the neurotransmitter...

Question 20

This label is given to lithium, anticonvulsants, and second-generation antipsychotics, when they are prescribed to treat symptoms of bipolar disorder.

Accepted Answer

These medications are referred to as mood stabilizers because they help to regulate the extreme mood swings that are characteristic of bipolar disorder.

Quiz 19: Mental Health Treatment

Which of the following statements is NOT an aspect of so-called empirically supported treatments (ESTs) ?

All of the following are statements from clients that a cognitive therapist might identify as self-defeating, EXCEPT:

In order to identify self-defeating thoughts and help the patient become aware of them, cognitive-behaviour therapists often ask clients to

Carl Rogers is known for the development of this type of therapy that stresses the importance of the therapist extending unconditional positive regard and acceptance to the client regardless of the client's behaviour or personal characteristics.

When a psychotherapist "prescribes" a self-help book to a patient as an adjunct to in person therapy sessions, he or she is engaging in

Smith and Glass analysed the results of several studies of the effectiveness of psychotherapy and concluded that those participants in psychotherapy outcome research who were actually given therapy did

The equality of success rates among therapies has been referred to as the

Though it is not necessarily more effective than CBT, behaviour therapy is often said to be preferable for treating

The positive emotions and affection between therapist and client and both parties' joint commitment to accomplish the important work of healing are important for this common factor of therapeutic change.

The therapist's intellectual commitment to the specific type of therapy he or she has chosen to practice is the basis for the common factor known as

The common factor of effectiveness known as therapist competence refers to the fact that

The use of drugs and other substances like nutritional supplements to treat psychological disorders and distress is called

Benzodiazepines are the most common class of medications known as

Benzodiazepines are the most common class of medications known as

Anxiolytic medications such as benzodiazepines and barbiturates mainly affect the neurotransmitter

Which of the following is NOT a class of antidepressant drugs?

These antidepressants inhibit the brain's reuptake of several neurotransmitters, primarily norepinephrine and serotonin, thus prolonging activity of these chemicals at synapses. a. selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) differ from tricyclic antidepressants because SSRIs

These drugs combine selectivity for the neurotransmitter norepinephrine as well as for serotonin.

This label is given to lithium, anticonvulsants, and second-generation antipsychotics, when they are prescribed to treat symptoms of bipolar disorder.