Question 1

____________ is a gradual deterioration of brain functioning that affects judgment,memory,language,and other advanced cognitive processes.

Accepted Answer

Delirium is a sudden onset of confusion and disorientation, while amnestic disorder is a condition that primarily affects memory. Dementia is a gradual decline in cognitive function that involves multiple domains of thinking, including judgment, memory, and language.

Question 2

Describe the differences and similarities between Alzheimer's type dementia and vascular dementia.Why it is not always possible to determine the actual cause of dementia while the patient is alive?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the differences and similarities between Alzheimer's...

Question 3

The average survival time for someone with Alzheimer's disease is estimated to be approximately

Accepted Answer

The average survival time for someone with Alzheimer's disease is estimated to be approximately 8 years. However, this can vary widely depending on various factors such as age, overall health, and the stage of the disease at diagnosis.

Question 4

Which of the following has NOT been implicated as a possible cause of dementia?

Accepted Answer

Axon-depleting cytosis is not a known cause of dementia. Alzheimer's disease, lack of blood flow to the brain due to stroke, and head trauma have been implicated as possible causes.

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a cognitive disorder?

Accepted Answer

Mental retardation is a developmental disorder that affects intellectual abilities and is not considered a cognitive disorder. The other options, amnestic disorder, delirium, and dementia, are all cognitive disorders that affect memory, attention, perception, or other cognitive processes.

Question 6

Seventy-two-year-old Mrs.Kane recently hit her head during an auto accident.Ever since then,she has been unable to remember the most basic things.For example,when shown a pencil,a ruler,and a phone,Mrs.Kane can name each object,but can not recall these objects five minutes later.In all other ways,she appears normal.Mrs.Kane's diagnosis would probably be _______.

Accepted Answer

The description of Mrs. Kane's symptoms, including her ability to name objects but not remember them shortly afterward, is consistent with amnestic disorder. This disorder is characterized by memory impairment without significant impairment in other cognitive functions. It typically results from damage to specific areas of the brain involved in memory consolidation and retrieval. The other answer choices (dementia, delirium, organic brain damage) do not fit the specific pattern of symptoms described in the scenario.

Question 7

Which of the following is characteristic of delirium?

Accepted Answer

Delirium is characterized by a reduced clarity of consciousness and cognition, it develops over hours or days, and accounts of delirium can be found throughout history. Therefore, all three options are correct.

Question 8

Which of the following is a type of amnestic disorder?

Accepted Answer

Wernicke Korsakoff syndrome is a type of amnestic disorder that is caused by a deficiency in thiamine (vitamin B1). It is often associated with chronic alcoholism and can result in memory loss, confabulation, and other cognitive impairments. Briquet's syndrome is a type of somatoform disorder characterized by multiple physical symptoms without an identifiable medical cause, while Broca's aphasia is a language disorder caused by damage to the Broca's area of the brain.

Question 9

Explain how Alzheimer's type dementia is usually treated.Include information about medication and psychosocial therapies.How would you characterize the success of the currently available treatment options for Alzheimer's type dementia?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain how Alzheimer's type dementia is usually...

Question 10

__________ is characterized by the development of memory impairment,without a loss of high-level cognitive skills.

Accepted Answer

Amnestic disorder is a type of cognitive disorder characterized by memory impairment, without loss of high-level cognitive skills. Dementia involves a decline in cognitive ability, including memory, along with other symptoms such as language difficulties and changes in personality. Delirium is an acute change in consciousness and cognition, often caused by a medical condition or medication.

Question 11

Substance-induced delirium is often treated with

Accepted Answer

Substance-induced delirium is commonly treated with benzodiazepines, which can help alleviate symptoms such as agitation, confusion, and hallucinations. These medications work by enhancing the activity of the neurotransmitter GABA in the brain, which can help to calm down overactive circuits that may be contributing to the delirium. Cold turkey withdrawal, psychostimulants, and antidepressants are generally not considered appropriate treatments for substance-induced delirium.

Question 12

On the "Abnormal Psychology Live" CD,Mike,the patient with amnestic disorder,has difficulty with

Accepted Answer

Mike, the patient with amnestic disorder, has difficulty with new learning. This is a common symptom of amnestic disorders, which specifically affect a person's ability to form new memories or learn new information. Old memories may still be intact, and the patient may be able to recall events from the past, but new memories cannot be formed or retained. The other options (old memories, word retrieval, and reading and writing) are not specific symptoms of amnestic disorder.

Question 13

Explain the relationship that has been observed between formal education and the development of Alzheimer's type dementia.What theoretical and neurological explanations have been offered for this observation?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain the relationship that has been observed...

Question 14

Potential causes of amnestic disorder include all of the following EXCEPT _____________.

Accepted Answer

Nicotine is not a known cause of amnestic disorder. Alcohol abuse, head trauma, and certain medical conditions (such as Alzheimer's disease, stroke, and brain tumors) are well-established causes.

Question 15

Alzheimer's disease progresses _______________and eventually accounts for approximately _____ % of all cases of dementia.

Accepted Answer

Alzheimer's disease progresses gradually and eventually accounts for approximately 50% of all cases of dementia.

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT an early symptom of HIV-induced dementia?

Accepted Answer

Language deficits are not typically an early symptom of HIV-induced dementia; early symptoms often include social withdrawal, clumsiness, and forgetfulness.

Question 17

Describe the typical causes of amnestic disorder.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the typical causes of amnestic disorder....

Question 18

Women may have a higher prevalence rate for Alzheimer's disease because

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that the gradual loss of estrogen during menopause may contribute to women having a higher prevalence rate for Alzheimer's disease. Estrogen has been shown to have a protective effect on the brain, and its decline may increase the risk of cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease. Lack of amyloid proteins and testosterone have not been linked to a higher prevalence rate for Alzheimer's disease, and no evidence suggests that women do not seek treatment for the disease at the same rate as men.

Question 19

In the "Abnormal Psychology Live" CD for Chapter 15,the Alzheimer's patient named Tom was shown to be _________________.

Accepted Answer

In the "Abnormal Psychology Live" CD for Chapter 15, Tom, the Alzheimer's patient, was shown to be memory impaired.

Question 20

Describe delirium,its typical causes,and how it is treated.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe delirium,its typical causes,and how it is...

Quiz 15: Cognitive Disorders