Question 1

The ______ level of analysis typically examines communities or neighborhoods.

Accepted Answer

The meso level of analysis examines groups or communities, which would include neighborhoods or local communities. The micro level looks at individuals or small groups, while the macro level looks at entire societies or nations.

Question 2

When applying Bonnie Carlson's ecological analysis to domestic violence, which of the following offers an example of societal or macro-level analysis?

Accepted Answer

Arrest policies are an example of societal or macro-level analysis because they involve the larger systems of law enforcement and criminal justice. This level of analysis focuses on the broader societal and cultural factors that contribute to domestic violence. Marital conflict and poor parenting are examples of individual-level analysis, whereas unemployment could be seen as both an individual and societal level factor.

Question 3

When applying Bonnie Carlson's ecological analysis to domestic violence, poor parenting best describes which of the following level of analysis?

Accepted Answer

Poor parenting is a characteristic that applies to the individual level of analysis in Bonnie Carlson's ecological analysis. This level focuses on the individual behavior and psychological makeup of the perpetrator, and poor parenting is often cited as a contributing factor to their violent behavior. Other factors at this level might include substance abuse or mental health issues.

Question 4

Which of the following best describes Feminist Theory?

Accepted Answer

Feminist Theory is a social theory that focuses on gender inequality and the oppression of women. The theory recognizes that patriarchal social structures create and perpetuate systems of inequality, leading to acts of violence towards women. The source of family violence is seen as a result of societal organization, which privileges men and upholds traditional gender roles. Therefore, all three options (A, B, and C) are correct and describe different aspects of Feminist Theory.

Question 5

Routine Activities Theory claims that three situational elements must be present for a crime (e.g., domestic abuse) to occur. Which of the following is NOT one of those elements?

Accepted Answer

The three situational elements of Routine Activities Theory are a suitable target, absence of capable guardians, and motivated offender. Rational justification is not a situational element, but may be a factor in the offender's decision-making process.

Question 6

A cycle of tension building, acute battering, and loving contrition (or "honeymoon") best describes which theoretical approach to domestic violence?

Accepted Answer

The cycle of tension building, acute battering, and loving contrition (or "honeymoon") is a core component of the Cycle Theory of Violence, also known as Battered Woman Syndrome. This theory posits that domestic violence is a pattern of behavior characterized by cyclical phases that can escalate over time. The acute battering phase, in particular, is marked by physical or emotional abuse, while the loving contrition phase involves the abuser showing remorse and promising to change, leading to a temporary period of calm before the cycle starts again.

Question 7

With operant conditioning where behaviors are strengthened or weakened through reinforcements, abusive behaviors that are modeled for young children can become entrenched and repeated as they grow up. This best describes which theoretical approach to domestic violence?

Accepted Answer

Social Learning Theory posits that behavior is learned through observation, imitation, and reinforcement. This theory suggests that abusive behaviors can be modeled and repeated across generations, as children learn through observation and reinforcement.

Question 8

_____________ refers to how enduring a cycle of violence can affect a woman over time, causing her to lose motivation to respond to acts of violence and feel trapped.

Accepted Answer

Learned Helplessness refers to a condition where a person feels unable to change their situation after repeated exposure to adverse events, leading to a sense of powerlessness and entrapment.

Question 9

According to Social Exchange Theory, family members might resort to violence in order to obtain their goals, as long as the benefits outweigh the costs. In light of this approach, why do abusive behaviors end up not being costly to offenders who commit domestic violence?

Accepted Answer

All of the above options contribute to the lack of consequences for offenders of domestic violence. The lack of legal intervention and low reporting rates mean abusers are less likely to face legal consequences. Additionally, victims may feel that the benefits of staying with their abuser (e.g. financial stability, custody of children) outweigh the costs of leaving, enabling the cycle of abuse to continue.

Question 10

According to Evolutionary Theory, which of the following is considered a goal of male-perpetrated intimate partner violence?

Accepted Answer

According to Evolutionary Theory, male-perpetrated intimate partner violence is considered a means for controlling female sexuality and deterring infidelity. This concept is based upon the idea that males seek to ensure their paternity and offspring survival, and thus may use violence as a tool for controlling their female partners. While cultural values and male dominance may contribute to intimate partner violence, they are not considered primary goals according to Evolutionary Theory.

Question 11

Cultural Theory asserts that one's lifestyle choices can influence his/her chances of becoming a victim.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Cultural Theory asserts that one's lifestyle choices...

Question 12

According to Differential Association Theory, individuals can be influenced to become abusive by frequent exposure to or witnessing abusive behaviors that vary in frequency, duration, and intensity.

Accepted Answer

Differential Association Theory proposes that individuals learn behaviors and attitudes through their social interactions, and if they are frequently exposed to or witness abusive behaviors, they may be influenced to become abusive themselves. This theory emphasizes that the frequency, duration, and intensity of the exposure to these behaviors plays a role in shaping an individual's behavior.

Question 13

According to Resource Theory, those with higher incomes and ample resources are more likely to feel as though they need to assert their dominance by use of force in intimate relationships.

Accepted Answer

Resource Theory suggests that individuals with fewer resources are more likely to use violence to compensate for their lack of power and resources in intimate relationships, not those with higher incomes and ample resources.

Question 14

Theorists who support the Intergenerational Transmission of Violence Theory believe that battering tendencies are inherited.

Accepted Answer

The Intergenerational Transmission of Violence Theory suggests that violent behavior is learned within the family context, rather than inherited genetically. It posits that children who witness or experience violence in their homes are more likely to exhibit violent behaviors in their own adult relationships.

Question 15

Many studies have found that children who experience abuse during their childhoods, either directly or through observation, are at greater risk for perpetrating family violence as adults.

Accepted Answer

Numerous studies have provided evidence linking childhood abuse to increased risk of perpetrating family violence in adulthood. This relationship is thought to be due to the learned behavior and socialization that occur during childhood, as well as the psychological and emotional consequences of abuse. However, it is important to note that not all individuals who experience or witness abuse as children will go on to perpetrate violence as adults. Many factors, including individual resilience and access to supportive resources, can mitigate the risk of violence perpetration.

Question 16

Figure 4.2 in the text on page 54 of your textbook depicts the Power and Control Wheel. Examine the illustration and list two specific examples for each tactic within the wheel.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Figure 4.2 in the text on page...

Question 17

Continuing with Figure 4.2 in the text , why do you think that "power and control" is at the center of the wheel?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Continuing with Figure 4.2 in the text...

Quiz 4: Theories of Domestic and Intimate Partner Violence