Question 1

You want to create a symbolic link in your home directory that will link the manual file to the /usr/test/lts/learning directory. Which of the following commands should you use?
A)ln /usr/test/lts/learning ~/learning
B)ln -s ~/learning /usr/test/lts/learning
C)ln -s /usr/test/lts/learning ~/learning
D)ln ~/learning /usr/test/lts/learning

Accepted Answer

You should use the ln -s /usr/test/lts/learning ~/learning command to create a symbolic link in your home directory that will link the manual file to the /usr/test/lts/learning directory.
Key Takeaway: The -s option creates a symbolic link with the ln command. The ln command lets a file on your disk be accessed with more than one file name by hard-linking a new file name to it. When you hard-link a file, you create a new file name and connect it with the original file. Hard-linking can let two users share the same file or provide a more convenient way of referencing files buried deep in a series of directories.

Question 2

Jack is troubleshooting a Linux system that cannot open Web pages from the Internet. He has verified the configuration using ifconfig. He has also checked that the hosts can be pinged on the Internet using IP addresses. Which of the following could be the most likely cause of the problem?
A)The system is configured with an incorrect default gateway.
B)The system is configured with an incorrect subnet mask.
C)A firewall on the network is blocking ICMP traffic.
D)The DNS server is down.

Accepted Answer

The most likely cause of the problem could be that the DNS server is down
Key Takeaway: In this case, the configuration is verified using ifconfig, which means the IP address is configured accurately. Since the hosts can be pinged on the Internet, the connectivity is fine. If the web pages still cannot be accessed, it is most likely that the DNS server is down and is unable to provide a domain name to IP address translation.

Question 3

Jack has installed a new 300GB IDE hard drive in a Linux system. However, his CMOS setup program only detects 160GB. Which of the following is the most likely cause?
A)The BIOS firmware is outdated.
B)The kernel version is not the latest one.
C)The kernel module for the new disk is outdated.
D)The drive is configured to be a slave drive when it should be configured as a master.

Accepted Answer

In this case, the BIOS firmware is outdated.
Key Takeaway: The BIOS firmware on the motherboard places an upper limit to the hardware that can used on the computer. The hardware includes motherboard, RAM, and the processor. So in a situation where the computer does not display the actual amount of resources installed, then the BIOS firmware should be upgraded.

Question 4

Which of the following specifies the contents of a DHCPOFFER message?
A)A request for an IP address from the DHCP client
B)A discovery packet used to locate the DHCP server
C)Acceptance of an IP address assignment from the DHCP client
D)An IP address assignment proposal from the DHCP server

Accepted Answer

The DHCPOFFER message contains an IP address assignment proposal from the DHCP server.
Key Takeaway: In a DHCP assignment process, the client first sends a DHCPDISCOVER packet. The DHCP server responds by sending a DHCPOFFER packet. The DHCP server responds by sending a DHCPOFFER packet. The client responds to the DHCPOFFER by sending a DHCPREQUEST. The DHCP server responds to the DHCPREQUEST with a DHCPACK.

Question 5

Jack is using a user account named jackrusl. You want to set password age limits for this user account. The minimum password age should be 5 days and the maximum password age should be 60 days. You also need to warn the user 2 days prior to password expiration. Which of the following command should you use?
A)usermod -m 1 -M 45 -W 5 jackrusl
B)chage -m 1 -M 45 -W 5 jackrusl
C)useradd -m 1 -M 45 -W 5 jackrusl
D)change -M 1 -m 45 -W 5 jackrusl

Accepted Answer

You should use the chage -m 1 -M 45 -W 5 jackrusl command to set password age limits for this user account.
Key Takeaway: The chage command changes the number of days between password changes and the date of the last password change. The system uses this information to determine when a user must change the password. The chage command is restricted to the root user, except for the -l option. The -m option with this command specifies the value of minimum number of days between password changes. The -M option specifies the maximum number of days during which a password is valid.

Question 6

You want to configure your Linux firewall to block all network traffic addressed to the Telnet service on the local system. Which of the following commands should you use?
A)iptables -t filter -A INPUT -s 0/0 -p tcp -dport 23 -j DROP
B)iptables -t filter -A OUTPUT -s 0/0 -p tcp -dport 23 -j DROP
C)iptables -t filter -A INPUT -s 0/0 -p tcp -dport 80 -j DROP
D)iptables -t filter -A INPUT -s 0/0 -p tcp -dport 53 -j ACCEPT

Accepted Answer

You should use the iptables -t filter -A INPUT -s 0/0 -p tcp -dport 23 -j DROP command to configure your Linux firewall to block all network traffic addressed to the Telnet service on the local system.
Key Takeaway: All IP packets inspected by iptables pass through a sequence of built-in tables for processing. Each of these queues inspects a particular type of packet activity and is controlled by an associated packet filtering chain. The second table is the filter queue. This has three built-in chains on which you can place your firewall policy rules; forward chain, input chain, and output chain.

Question 7

Jack wants to use a command at the shell prompt to scan his Linux system to determine what services are currently running on it. The IP address of the system is 192.168.10.10. Which of the following commands should he use?
A)scan 192.168.10.10 -TCP
B)scan 192.168.10.10 -UDP
C)nmap 192.168.10.10 -scan
D)nmap -sT 192.168.10.10

Accepted Answer

Jack should use the nmap -sT 192.168.10.10 command to determine the services that are currently running on his Linux system. Key Takeaway: The nmap tool can be used to scan the open TCP and UDP ports on a system. It can also be used to test the firewall rules. It uses raw IP packets to determine the hosts on the network, the services running on these hosts, the OS version used by these hosts, and the firewalls used by these hosts. The nmap -sT command scans for open TCP ports and the nmap -sU command scans for open UDP ports.

Question 8

You want to load the ssh client and connect to an sshd daemon running on a host with an IP address of 192.168.1.25. Your user account jackshw. Which of the following commands should you use?
A)sshd -l jackshw 192.168.1.25
B)ssh -u jackshw 192.168.1.25
C)ssh -l jackshw 192.168.1.25
D)ssh user= jackshw 192.168.1.25

Accepted Answer

You should use the ssh -l jackshw 192.168.1.25 command to load the ssh client and connect to an sshd daemon running on a host with an IP address of 192.168.1.25.
Key Takeaway: Sshd is the daemon program for ssh. Sshd and ssh replace rlogin and rsh to provide secure encrypted communications between two untrusted hosts over an insecure network. sshd forks a new daemon for each incoming connection. The forked daemons handle key exchange, encryption, authentication, command execution, and data exchange.

Question 9

Your system is configured to boot to runlevel 3 by default. You use the startx command to start your graphical environment. Which file should you edit in your home directory to specify your default window manager?
A).Xsession
B).Xdefaults
C).xinitrc
D).Xclients

Accepted Answer

You should edit the .xinitrc file to specify your default window manager.
Key Takeaway: The xinit program is used to start the X Window System server and a first client program on systems that cannot start directly from /etc/init. It is also used to start the X Window System server and a first client program on systems that cannot start in environments that use multiple window systems.

Question 10

Jack is configuring the /etc/logrotate.d/ntp file to customize logging from the Network Time Protocol daemon on his system. He wants the archived logs to be saved using the current date in the file name extension. Which directive in the ntp file will help him accomplish this?
A)notifempty
B)rotate
C)dateext
D)create

Accepted Answer

The dateext file in the ntp file will help him save the old archived logs using the current date in the file name extension.
Key Takeaway: The dateext directive will cause old, archived log files to be saved using the current date in the file name extension. The old versions of log files which are to be archived use a YYYYMMDD format for naming.

Question 11

You need to create a backup of /etc to a removable hard disk drive mounted at /mnt/USB. Which of the following tar commands should you use?
A)tar -xfv ~/backup.tar /etc
B)tar -xzf /mnt/USB/backup.tar /etc
C)tar -cfv /mnt/USB/backup.tar /etc
D)tar -cfv /mnt/USB/backup.tar ~/etc

Accepted Answer

You should use the tar -cfv /mnt/USB/backup.tar /etc command to create a backup of /etc to a removable hard disk drive mounted at /mnt/USB.
Key Takeaway: The tar command can be used to create tape archives and add or extract files. The tar backup program stores and extract files from an archive file known as a tarfile. A tarfile may point to a tape drive.

Question 12

You need to format the first partition on the slave drive on the secondary IDE channel using the ext3 file system. Which of the following commands should you use?
A)mkext3fs /dev/hdd1
B)mkfs -t ext3 /dev/hda4
C)mkreiserfs -t ext3 /dev/hdd1
D)mkfs -t ext3 /dev/hdd1

Accepted Answer

You should use the mkfs -t ext3 /dev/hdd1 command to format the first partition on the slave drive on the secondary IDE channel using the ext3 file system.
Key Takeaway: The mkfs command is used to build a Linux file system, usually a hard disk partition. The syntax for this command is mkfs [ -V ] [ -t fstype ] [ fs-options ] filesys [ blocks ], where filesys is either the device name or the mount point for the file system. Blocks is the number of blocks to be used for the file system. -v produces a verbose output and -t fstype specifies the type of file system to be built. fs-options specifies the file system-specific options to be passed to the file system builder.

Question 13

You have used the rpm command with the -q-requires option to determine the components required by the rpm package. One of the required components is /usr/bin/perl. What command would you enter to find out which RPM package provides this component?
A)rpm -qs --requires /usr/bin/perl
B)rpm -qi --requires /usr/bin/perl
C)rpm -q --whatprovides /usr/bin/perl
D)rpm -q --provides perl

Accepted Answer

You should use the rpm -q --whatprovides /usr/bin/perl to find out which RPM package provides this component.
Key Takeaway: The whatprovides command is used to find out which package provides a specific feature or file. The whatprovides {dependency-1} {dependency-2} command can be used to list packages that satisfy dependencies.

Question 14

You need to change the IP address assignment to a permanent, static IP address assignment for the eth0 network interface. The MAC address of the Ethernet interface is 00:0C:28:B1:50:A3. Which of the following commands should you use?
A)/etc/sysconfig/network/ifcfg-eth-id-00:0C:28:B1:50:A3
B)/etc/sysconfig/network/eth0/ifcfg-eth-id-00:0C:28:B1:50:A3
C)/etc/sysconfig/network/00:0C:28:B1:50:A3/eth0
D)/etc/sysctl/network/ifcfg-eth-id-00:0C:28:B1:50:A3

Accepted Answer

You should use the /etc/sysconfig/network/ifcfg-eth-id-00:0C:28:B1:50:A3 command to change the IP address assignment to a permanent static one.
Key Takeaway: This command is specifically used when a Linux distribution does not configure the network interface automatically. The MAC address stored in the ifcfg-eth-id-mac file can be in uppercase or lowercase.

Question 15

Which of the following protocols does the Samba service use to communicate with Samba clients?
A)FTP
B)SMB
C)HTTP
D)NCP

Accepted Answer

Samba service uses the SMB protocol to communicate with Samba clients.
Key Takeaway: SMB, or the Server Message Block protocol, is used to share files, printers, serial ports, and mail slots between computers. SMB is a client server, request-response protocol, which can run over multiple protocols.

Question 16

Which of the following utilities provides a shell prompt on a remote system?
A)rsh
B)rcp
C)rlogin
D)rshell

Accepted Answer

The rlogin utility provides a shell prompt on a remote system.
Key Takeaway: The rlogin utility starts a terminal session on the remote host specified as the host. For this to work, the remote host must be running an rlogin service. The rlogin utility uses the standard rhosts authorization mechanism. If no user name is specified either with the -l option rlogin connects as the user you are currently logged in as.

Question 17

Which of the following commands is used to display the name of the NIS server that a NIS client has been configured to use?
A)/bin/ypdomainname
B)/usr/bin/ypcat
C)/usr/bin/ypwhich
D)ypbind

Accepted Answer

The /usr/bin/ypwhich command is used to display the name of the NIS server that a NIS client has been configured to use.
Key Takeaway: The ypwhich command identifies which server supplies Network Information Services or NIS services. It also provides information about which server is the master for a map depending on how the ypwhich command is invoked. If this command is invoked without arguments, it displays the name of the NIS server for the local machine.

Question 18

Which of the following DNS records is used to map a host name to an IP address?
A)NS
B)PTR
C)A
D)MX

Accepted Answer

The A type DNS record is used to map a host name to an IP address.
Key Takeaway: The A record, also known as a host record or a DNS host, is a record in the domain's DNS zone file that makes the connection between the domain and its matching IP address. On a Linux machine, the host's A record can be checked using the dig command.

Question 19

What of the following IP ports does the Apache 2 Web servers listen to by default?
A)80
B)25
C)21
D)631

Accepted Answer

The Apache 2 Web servers listen to by default on the IP port 80.
Key Takeaway: Apache is available for a wide variety of operating systems, including Unix, GNU, FreeBSD, Linux, Solaris, Novell NetWare, Mac OS X, and Microsoft Windows. Apache supports a variety of features, many implemented as compiled modules which extend the core functionality. It is also supported by several graphical user interfaces.

Question 20

Which of the following utilities should you use to view the /var/log/lastlog file?
A)cat
B)lastlog
C)last
D)grep

Accepted Answer

The lastlog utility helps you view the /var/log/lastlog file.
Key Takeaway: The lastlog command formats and prints the contents of the last login log /var/log/lastlog file. This contains the login-name, port, and last login time. The default command without any flags will cause the entries that are printed to be sorted by the numerical UID.

Quiz 21: Linux

You want to create a symbolic link in your home directory that will link the manual file to the /usr/test/lts/learning directory. Which of the following commands should you use?

Jack is troubleshooting a Linux system that cannot open Web pages from the Internet. He has verified the configuration using ifconfig. He has also checked that the hosts can be pinged on the Internet using IP addresses. Which of the following could be the most likely cause of the problem?

Jack has installed a new 300GB IDE hard drive in a Linux system. However, his CMOS setup program only detects 160GB. Which of the following is the most likely cause?

Which of the following specifies the contents of a DHCPOFFER message?

You want to configure your Linux firewall to block all network traffic addressed to the Telnet service on the local system. Which of the following commands should you use?

Jack wants to use a command at the shell prompt to scan his Linux system to determine what services are currently running on it. The IP address of the system is 192.168.10.10. Which of the following commands should he use?

You want to load the ssh client and connect to an sshd daemon running on a host with an IP address of 192.168.1.25. Your user account jackshw. Which of the following commands should you use?

Your system is configured to boot to runlevel 3 by default. You use the startx command to start your graphical environment. Which file should you edit in your home directory to specify your default window manager?

Jack is configuring the /etc/logrotate.d/ntp file to customize logging from the Network Time Protocol daemon on his system. He wants the archived logs to be saved using the current date in the file name extension. Which directive in the ntp file will help him accomplish this?

You need to create a backup of /etc to a removable hard disk drive mounted at /mnt/USB. Which of the following tar commands should you use?

You need to format the first partition on the slave drive on the secondary IDE channel using the ext3 file system. Which of the following commands should you use?

You have used the rpm command with the -q-requires option to determine the components required by the rpm package. One of the required components is /usr/bin/perl. What command would you enter to find out which RPM package provides this component?

You need to change the IP address assignment to a permanent, static IP address assignment for the eth0 network interface. The MAC address of the Ethernet interface is 00:0C:28:B1:50:A3. Which of the following commands should you use?

Which of the following protocols does the Samba service use to communicate with Samba clients?

Which of the following utilities provides a shell prompt on a remote system?

Which of the following commands is used to display the name of the NIS server that a NIS client has been configured to use?

Which of the following DNS records is used to map a host name to an IP address?

What of the following IP ports does the Apache 2 Web servers listen to by default?

Which of the following utilities should you use to view the /var/log/lastlog file?