Question 1

It is asserted in the reading that, "Everything that becomes or is created must of necessity be created by some ..."

Accepted Answer

The sentence states that anything that is created must have a cause. Therefore, the best choice is option B, cause. The other options - advanced creature, reified organism, and natural deduction - are not mentioned in the sentence and do not fit with the context.

Question 2

A question in the reading, "Was the heaven or the world always in existence and without beginning, or created, and had it a beginning?" is answered as follows:

Accepted Answer

The question is asking whether heaven or the world was always in existence (meaning without beginning) or whether it was created (meaning with a beginning). The answer to this question is "created" as it suggests that heaven and the world were not always in existence but rather came into existence at some point in time through the act of creation. Therefore, the best choice is B.

Question 3

According to the reading, "the father and maker of all this universe is ..."

Accepted Answer

The reading states that the father and maker of all this universe is "past finding out," indicating that the true nature of this entity cannot be fully understood or comprehended by human beings.

Question 4

According to the reading, "As being is to becoming, so is truth to ..."

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is "belief" because the phrase "as being is to becoming, so is truth to belief" suggests a parallel between the concepts of being and becoming, and truth and belief. This implies that just as being and becoming are related concepts in the realm of existence, truth and belief are related in the realm of knowledge or understanding.

Question 5

The speaker in the reading concludes by saying, "for we must remember that I who am the speaker, and you who are the judges, are only mortal men, and we ought to accept the tale which is __________ and enquire no further."

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is "probable" because the speaker suggests accepting a story that seems likely or reasonable rather than seeking further proof or questioning its absolute truth. This implies a pragmatic approach to the information presented, favoring plausibility over certainty.

Question 6

It is asserted in the reading that "Everything that becomes or is created must of necessity be created by some natural deduction."

Accepted Answer

The statement goes against the idea of creationism, which posits that some things are created by a supernatural being rather than a natural deduction.

Question 7

To the question in the reading, "Was the heaven or the world always in existence and without beginning, or created, and had it a beginning?" the answer given is "created."

Accepted Answer

According to the reading, the answer to the question is that heaven and the world were created and had a beginning.

Question 8

According to the reading, "the father and maker of all this universe is known through revelation."

Accepted Answer

The phrase suggests a theological or religious perspective on the origin of the universe, which might not be universally accepted or verifiable through empirical means or scientific inquiry. Knowledge of the universe's origins typically comes from scientific exploration and study, not solely through revelation.

Question 9

According to the reading, "As being is to becoming, so is truth to beauty."

Accepted Answer

The statement "As being is to becoming, so is truth to beauty." is not a widely recognized philosophical or literary axiom. It seems to be a rephrasing or misinterpretation of concepts from different philosophical traditions, such as Plato's theory of Forms (where truth and beauty have different, albeit related, roles) or Keats' idea that "Beauty is truth, truth beauty," which suggests a more direct equivalence between the two rather than a comparative relationship as implied in the statement.

Question 10

The speaker in the reading concludes by saying, "for we must remember that I who am the speaker, and you who are the judges, are only mortal men, and we ought to accept the tale which is probable and enquire no further."

Accepted Answer

The speaker does conclude by saying, "for we must remember that I who am the speaker, and you who are the judges, are only mortal men, and we ought to accept the tale which is probable and enquire no further."

Question 11

Why does the speaker assert that "Everything that becomes or is created must of necessity be created by some cause"?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Why does the speaker assert that "Everything...

Question 12

What reasons does the speaker give to support the claim that the world was created?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What reasons does the speaker give to...

Question 13

Explain the meaning of the following passage in the Plato reading: "But the father and maker of all this universe is past finding out; and even if we found him, to tell of him to all men would be impossible."

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain the meaning of the following passage...

Question 14

What does the speaker mean when he says, "for we must remember that I who am the speaker, and you who are the judges, are only mortal men, and we ought to accept the tale which is probable and enquire no further"?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What does the speaker mean when he...

Question 15

In one of his proofs for the existence of God, Aquinas says, "If that by which it is moved be itself moved, then this also must be moved by another, and that by another again. But this cannot go on to infinity, because then there would be no ..."

Accepted Answer

Aquinas is arguing for the existence of a first mover, who is responsible for the initial motion or cause behind all other movements or causes. He argues that an infinite regress of movers or causes cannot exist, because there would be no explanation for why anything is in motion or caused in the first place. Therefore, he concludes that there must be a first, uncaused cause or unmoved mover, which he identifies as God.

Question 16

In one of his proofs for the existence of God, Aquinas says, "it is necessary to admit a first cause, to which everyone gives the name of ..."

Accepted Answer

Aquinas specifically refers to "God" as the name given to the necessary first cause in his philosophical and theological writings.

Question 17

In one of his proofs for the existence of God, Aquinas says, "Therefore, not all beings are merely possible, but there must exist something the existence of which is ..."

Accepted Answer

Aquinas is arguing that not all beings can be merely possible, or contingent, because if that were the case, then there would be nothing necessary to ground their existence. Therefore, there must be something that exists necessarily, which is what he calls God.

Question 18

In one of his proofs for the existence of God, Aquinas says, "Among beings there are some more and some less good, true, noble and the like. But more and less are predicated of different things, according as they resemble in their different ways." This proof relies on the idea that there is a _________ that is found in things.

Accepted Answer

Aquinas's proof relies on the concept of a gradation, or a hierarchy of goodness, truth, and nobility found in things. He argues that this gradation must have a reference point, or "something that is most true, and most good, and most noble," which he identifies as God.

Question 19

In one of his proofs for the existence of God, Aquinas says, "We see that things which lack _________, such as mere physical objects, act always, or nearly always, in the same way. Hence it is plain that they achieve this, not by chance, but by design."

Accepted Answer

Aquinas argues that objects lacking awareness (consciousness or intelligence) still act in consistent ways, suggesting their actions are directed by some external design or purpose, which he attributes to the existence of God.

Question 20

In one of his proofs for the existence of God, Aquinas says, "If that by which it is moved be itself moved, then this also must be moved by another, and that by another again. But this cannot go on to infinity, because then there would be no first mover."

Accepted Answer

Aquinas' argument is based on the idea that there must be a first mover, which cannot be moved by anything else, in order to avoid an infinite regress of motion.

Quiz 4: Plato the Beginning of Everything