Question 1

Complete the following statement
The _____________ plexus is within the submucosa and regulates the secretory activity of the endothelium

Accepted Answer

The answer of Complete the following statement
The _____________ plexus is...

Question 2

Food entering the stomach can initiate the gastro-colic reflex, where

Accepted Answer

The gastro-colic reflex is a physiological response to food entering the stomach, which can cause the contents of the colon to move towards the rectum, often leading to the urge to defecate. This reflex is typically strongest after breakfast, making all the given statements correct.

Question 3

Which of the following statements about the parasympathetic nervous system is not true?

Accepted Answer

The parasympathetic nervous system is not active when the person is prepared for fight or flight, as it is responsible for the body's "rest and digest" functions. Option B, C, and D are true statements about the parasympathetic nervous system.

Question 4

Glycerol and fatty acids (recombined as triglycerides) take which of the following pathways into the blood?

Accepted Answer

Glycerol and fatty acids recombined as triglycerides are transported out of the intestinal mucosa through the lymphatic system, specifically the lacteals located in the villi of the small intestine. They then enter the bloodstream through the subclavian vein after passing through the lymphatics. Therefore, the correct pathway is: Lacteals in villi -> lymphatics -> subclavian vein.

Question 5

Match the nutrients with the products of digestion
-Proteins

Accepted Answer

Proteins are broken down into their individual building blocks, which are amino acids.

Question 6

Match the nutrients with the products of digestion
-Carbohydrates

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrates are digested into monosaccharides.

Question 7

Match the nutrients with the products of digestion
-Fats

Accepted Answer

Fats are broken down into their component parts, glycerol and fatty acids, during digestion. Monosaccharides are the end products of carbohydrate digestion, while amino acids are the end products of protein digestion.

Question 8

Most products of fat digestion are absorbed into

Accepted Answer

Most products of fat digestion, including fatty acids and glycerol, are absorbed into the lacteals, which are specialized lymphatic vessels located in the walls of the small intestine. From there, they enter the lymphatic system and eventually empty into the bloodstream.

Question 9

Protein breakdown begins in the ______

Accepted Answer

The answer of Protein breakdown begins in the ______...

Question 10

When glucose levels are low, new glucose is made from ______

Accepted Answer

The answer of When glucose levels are low, new glucose...

Question 11

Which of the following organs is usually dependent on glucose as an energy source?

Accepted Answer

The brain relies heavily on glucose as its primary energy source. While other organs may also use glucose as a source of energy, the brain is particularly dependent on it.

Question 12

Complete the following statement
The ________ _________ controls the movement of chyme into the small intestine

Accepted Answer

The answer of Complete the following statement
The ________ _________ controls...

Question 13

Complete the following statement
Contents of the gut are continually re-exposed to the intestinal wall by _____________ movements

Accepted Answer

The answer of Complete the following statement
Contents of the gut...

Question 14

Lacteals

Accepted Answer

Lacteals are specialized lymphatic vessels in the small intestine that absorb products of fat digestion, such as fatty acids and glycerol, and transport them to the bloodstream. They do not increase surface area, produce new cells, or produce digestive enzymes.

Question 15

The large intestine carries out which of the following?

Accepted Answer

The large intestine's three main functions are to absorb water and electrolytes, move contents into the rectum by mass movements, and synthesise vitamin K. Option D is the only choice that includes all three of these functions. Option A is incorrect because digesting and absorbing proteins occurs in the small intestine, not the large intestine. Option B is incorrect because absorbing fats occurs in the small intestine, not the large intestine. Option C is incorrect because absorbing minerals and vitamins is primarily done in the small intestine, not the large intestine.

Question 16

The small intestine carries out which of the following?

Accepted Answer

The small intestine is primarily responsible for the absorption of nutrients from the digested food. It also helps move the intestinal contents towards the large intestine and provides protection against infection by lymphoid tissue. Hence, option B is the correct choice. Options A, C, and D do not accurately describe the functions of the small intestine.

Question 17

The stomach

Accepted Answer

The stomach kills micro-organisms through its acidic environment (choice B) and can absorb some substances directly, such as water and alcohol (choice C). It does not begin the digestion and absorption of glucose; that process primarily starts in the small intestine.

Question 18

Which type of meal stays in the stomach the longest?

Accepted Answer

Fatty meals stay in the stomach the longest because they take longer to digest. This is due to the fact that fats require more bile and enzyme activity in the small intestine to be broken down into usable energy than protein or carbohydrates. As a result, the stomach will keep a fatty meal longer before passing it on to the small intestine for further digestion.

Question 19

A sphincter is

Accepted Answer

A sphincter is a ring of muscle that controls the passage of contents through a tubular organ, such as the digestive or urinary tract. It can open and close to regulate the movement of food, liquid, or waste through the body.

Question 20

Digestion includes the following processes

Accepted Answer

Digestion involves breaking down large molecules into smaller ones for absorption.

Quiz 1: Essentials of Anatomy and Physiology for Nursing Practice

Complete the following statement The _____________ plexus is within the submucosa and regulates the secretory activity of the endothelium

Food entering the stomach can initiate the gastro-colic reflex, where

Which of the following statements about the parasympathetic nervous system is not true?

Glycerol and fatty acids (recombined as triglycerides) take which of the following pathways into the blood?

Match the nutrients with the products of digestion -Proteins

Match the nutrients with the products of digestion -Carbohydrates

Match the nutrients with the products of digestion -Fats

Most products of fat digestion are absorbed into

Protein breakdown begins in the ______

When glucose levels are low, new glucose is made from ______

Which of the following organs is usually dependent on glucose as an energy source?

Complete the following statement The _ controls the movement of chyme into the small intestine

Complete the following statement Contents of the gut are continually re-exposed to the intestinal wall by _____________ movements

Lacteals

The large intestine carries out which of the following?

The small intestine carries out which of the following?

The stomach

Which type of meal stays in the stomach the longest?

A sphincter is

Digestion includes the following processes

Quiz 1: Essentials of Anatomy and Physiology for Nursing Practice

Complete the following statement The _____________ plexus is within the submucosa and regulates the secretory activity of the endothelium

Food entering the stomach can initiate the gastro-colic reflex, where

Which of the following statements about the parasympathetic nervous system is not true?

Glycerol and fatty acids (recombined as triglycerides) take which of the following pathways into the blood?

Match the nutrients with the products of digestion -Proteins

Match the nutrients with the products of digestion -Carbohydrates

Match the nutrients with the products of digestion -Fats

Most products of fat digestion are absorbed into

Protein breakdown begins in the ______

When glucose levels are low, new glucose is made from ______

Which of the following organs is usually dependent on glucose as an energy source?

Complete the following statement The ________ _________ controls the movement of chyme into the small intestine

Complete the following statement Contents of the gut are continually re-exposed to the intestinal wall by _____________ movements

Lacteals

The large intestine carries out which of the following?

The small intestine carries out which of the following?

The stomach

Which type of meal stays in the stomach the longest?

A sphincter is

Digestion includes the following processes

Complete the following statement The _ controls the movement of chyme into the small intestine