Question 1

A nurse who is conducting a parenting class is asked how to select a good day care center for an 18-month-old child. Which of the following responses should be made by the nurse?

Accepted Answer

Research has demonstrated that toddlers who are exposed to videos and DVDs have a more limited vocabulary than toddlers who interact with caregivers.

Question 2

According to Piaget's theory of cognitive development, which of the following statements is correct?

Accepted Answer

Piaget theorized that cognitive development was complete by about age 15. He did not factor the effects of culture into his theory and felt that learning followed cognitive development.

Question 3

A mother comes to the pediatric clinic and says to the nurse, "I am worried about my 11-month-old baby because he is not crawling yet and his brother crawled when he was 11 months old. Is something wrong?" Which of the following statements should the nurse make?

Accepted Answer

Although developmental milestones follow a predictable pattern, each child develops at his or her own rate. Telling the mother not to worry is not answering her question.

Question 4

The school nurse has been asked to order growth charts. Which of the following growth charts should be selected to assessing children in first through fifth grades?

Accepted Answer

The CDC recommends the revised 2000 CDC growth charts (including the BMI and the 3ʳᵈ and 97ᵗʰ percentile) be used for children aged 2 to 20 years.

Question 5

A school nurse is obtaining the height and weight of a 9-year-old child. Which of the following is the best method to assess the child's growth?

Accepted Answer

When assessing growth data for use in growth charts, it is important to remember that a single measurement taken at one point in time, although helpful in providing a baseline, does not allow for the best assessment of a child's growth. Serial measurements, plotted on a growth chart over time, best reflect a child's pattern of growth.

Question 6

A high school sophomore engages in risky behavior to fit in with his peers. According to Erikson's theory of human development, which of the following developmental conflicts is this student facing?

Accepted Answer

According to Erikson, a preschool child has a developmental conflict between initiative and guilt, a school-age child has a developmental conflict between industry and inferiority, and a young adult has a developmental conflict between intimacy and isolation. An adolescent has a developmental conflict between identity and role confusion.

Question 7

A nurse is caring for a person with the nursing diagnosis of chronic sorrow related to missed opportunities. Which of the following nursing interventions would be appropriate for this person?

Accepted Answer

It is not appropriate to discuss personal issues with an individual. Assuring the individual what he or she will be able to cope with is not appropriate because it does not encourage the person to talk about his or her fears. It is not appropriate to contact a support group without the person's permission. The person may not be ready to discuss the issue with strangers. The correct response is part of grief work facilitation: helping another cope with painful feelings of actual or perceived responsibility.

Question 8

Kohlberg's theory of moral development is based on:

Accepted Answer

Kohlberg's theory of moral development is based on Piaget's theory of cognitive development.

Question 9

A nurse is educating new parents about normal growth and development for their child. Which of the following items would the nurse include in this discussion? (select all that apply)

Accepted Answer

A well-balanced diet will help assure that the child reaches his or her growth potential. Lead poisoning, an environmental exposure, remains a significant threat to today's children. Genetic factors greatly influence growth and development.

Question 10

Which of the following statements summarizes Vygotsky's theory of development?

Accepted Answer

Vygotsky's theory of development stresses that social and cultural influences can have a major impact on learning. He felt that cognitive development was dependent on exposure to many life experiences, was influenced by interaction with others, and did not proceed according to predetermined stages.

Question 11

A nurse is attending a continuing education program about growth and development. Why is it necessary that nurses are well educated about this content? (select all that apply)

Accepted Answer

Genetics and genomics is an important part of our age of technology; understanding growth and development aids in the understanding of these topics as well. Health education is more effective when the nurse acknowledges and incorporates growth and developmental needs as well as the individual's prior understanding of beliefs about health and health-related concepts. Health promotion is an important part of Healthy People 2010, but there are no requirements within this document that nurses need to be educated about growth and development.

Question 12

The nurse is explaining the concept of growth to a parent. Which of the following statements should be made by the nurse?

Accepted Answer

Growth, in some form, continues throughout life, not just during puberty. Not all growth is based on gender. Growth indicates more than a change in height and weight.

Question 13

The nurse at a well-baby clinic is assessing a 12-month-old child. At birth, the child weighed 7 lb. 3 oz. During this visit, the child weighs 21 lb. 10 oz. Which of the following conclusions would the nurse make about the child's weight?

Accepted Answer

A 1-year-old infant is expected to have at least doubled his or her weight by 12 months of age.

Question 14

Which of the following statements describes Erikson's theory of development?

Accepted Answer

Erikson's theory of development is based on the need of each person to develop a sense of trust in self and others and a sense of personal worth. Each stage depends on the preceding stage, which must be accomplished successfully for the person to proceed. Although the environment and others may influence development, it is primarily an individual task. A person may regress to an earlier stage during times of stress.

Question 15

A child is focused on peer approval and avoidance of "not fitting in." According to Kohlberg, this child is experiencing which of the following stages of moral development?

Accepted Answer

The goal of the conventional stage is gaining approval and avoiding disapproval. The goal of the preconventional stage is avoiding punishment and gaining reward, while the goal of the postconventional stage is agreeing upon rights, establishing personal moral standards, and achieving justice.

Question 16

The nurse is caring for a person who donated a kidney to a stranger in need. According to Gilligan's stages of moral development, the person who donated the kidney is in which of the following stages?

Accepted Answer

Characteristics of the conventional stage of Gilligan's stages of moral development include sacrifice to fulfill the needs of others.

Question 17

A nurse is teaching parents of a toddler about nutrition. Which of the following statements should be made by the nurse?

Accepted Answer

Raisins, grapes, and chewing gum all pose a choking hazard and should not be given to toddlers.

Question 18

The school nurse is conducting an in-service program for teachers that discusses the development of elementary school children. According to Piaget's theory of cognitive development, which of the following information would the nurse include? (select all that apply)

Accepted Answer

Children age 7 to 11 are in the concrete operations stage of development according to Piaget. They are influenced by friends and can listen to and think about a peer's point of view. Moral decision making and use of abstract thought occur during the formal operations stage of development, usually between the ages of 11 and 15 years.

Question 19

Which of the following statements is correct related to the concept of growth

Accepted Answer

People experience developmental transitions throughout life, not just during times of rapid physical growth. Growth changes that take place in young, middle-aged, and older adults should be noted. People who think of growth only as it applies to infants, children and adolescents are missing important changes from conception throughout adulthood.

Question 20

Which of the following statements about Gilligan's theory of moral development is accurate?

Accepted Answer

Gilligan's theoretical work is based on women's moral development. Kohlberg postulated that men view situations in terms of justice and rules, and that moral development depends on cognitive development.

Quiz 15: Overview of Growth and Development Framework