Question 1

Ann-Marie is having frequent disagreements with her teenage daughter. You can let her know that by late adolescence, __________.

Accepted Answer

Research shows that by late adolescence, only a small minority of families experience continuing friction, as most parent-child conflicts reduce in frequency and intensity.

Question 2

Both adults and peers view Randy as relaxed, independent, and physically attractive. Both groups view Maria as physically attractive, lively, and sociable. Which statement is likely to be true?

Accepted Answer

According to research, early-maturing boys tend to be viewed as more physically attractive and independent, while late-maturing girls tend to be viewed as more lively and sociable. Therefore, Randy is likely an early-maturing boy, and Maria is likely a late-maturing girl.

Question 3

__________ is strongly associated with healthy eating in teenagers.

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that a higher frequency of family meals is strongly associated with healthier eating patterns in teenagers, as well as better mental and emotional health outcomes. This is attributed to the social and emotional benefits of sharing meals with family, as well as the potential for parents to model healthy eating behaviors and provide healthier food choices at home. Vitamin supplementation is not necessarily strongly associated with healthy eating, as it may be used to address nutrient deficiencies in individuals who do not have adequate intake from their diet. The number of hours of sleep and dieting in adolescence may also have some association with healthy eating, but are not as strongly correlated as having frequent family meals.

Question 4

Ceremonies such as the Jewish bar or bat mitzvah and the quinceañera in Hispanic communities resemble the initiation ceremonies of many tribal and village societies, but they __________.

Accepted Answer

These ceremonies mark a significant change within the community or religious context but do not typically change the individual's social status in the larger society.

Question 5

Disturbed eating is highest in __________.

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that disturbed eating behaviors like anorexia, bulimia, and binge eating are highest in Western nations such as the United States and Australia. However, it is worth noting that the prevalence of these behaviors may be underreported in other parts of the world where mental health resources and access to care may be limited.

Question 6

Sleep-deprived adolescents __________.

Accepted Answer

Sleep-deprived adolescents are more likely to suffer from anxiety and irritability due to the impact of sleep on mood regulation and emotional processing. They may also experience other negative effects such as poor academic performance, impaired immune function, and increased risk for physical and mental health problems. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they are not supported by research on the effects of sleep deprivation on adolescents.

Question 7

Which parent-child relationship is the most common among anorexic teenagers?

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that the most common parent-child relationship among anorexic teenagers is overprotective and controlling mothers and either controlling or uninvolved fathers, which creates a family dynamic that prioritizes appearance and success over emotional well-being.

Question 8

Early-maturing European-American girls tend to report a __________.

Accepted Answer

Early-maturing European-American girls often report a less positive body image than their on-time agemates, likely due to the physical changes and social pressures that precede their peers' experiences.

Question 9

Which statement about parent‒child relationships in adolescence is true?

Accepted Answer

Psychological distancing during adolescence serves as a modern mechanism for establishing independence, substituting for the historical pattern where young individuals might physically leave their family around the time of puberty. This process reflects the adolescent's natural progression towards autonomy and self-identity, which can sometimes be perceived as challenging to parental authority but is a normal part of development.

Question 10

Which statement about individuals with anorexia nervosa is true?

Accepted Answer

Individuals with anorexia nervosa often deny or minimize the severity of their disorder, making it difficult for them to seek or accept help. Option A is false as full recovery rates are around 50-60%. Option C is a stereotype and has no factual basis. Option D is also false as there is no evidence to support the claim that later maturing girls are at greater risk for anorexia nervosa.

Question 11

Western adolescents __________.

Accepted Answer

In Western cultures, adolescents are often granted partial adult status at different ages based on legal and cultural norms. For example, in many states in the US, 16-year-olds can obtain a driver's license, while in some countries, 18-year-olds are considered fully responsible for their actions and can vote, drink, and enter into contracts. There is no formal recognition of the transition from adolescence to adulthood in Western cultures, nor is there a common initiation ceremony for the onset of puberty.

Question 12

Clarence's 14-year-old daughter, Annie, has been diagnosed with anorexia. Clarence can expect that Annie __________.

Accepted Answer

Anorexia nervosa involves a distorted body image, which means that individuals with the disorder see themselves as overweight even though they are underweight. This can lead to extreme dieting, excessive exercise, and other behaviors designed to lose weight. While weight loss is often a symptom of anorexia, the degree can vary widely. So, options A and C are not specific explanations. Option B is a common feature of anorexia, but it is not as central as having a distorted body image.

Question 13

Follow-up research reveals that __________, especially, are at risk for lasting difficulties.

Accepted Answer

Early-maturing girls are at risk for lasting difficulties, including lower self-esteem, earlier onset of sexual activity, and higher rates of depression and anxiety.

Question 14

Early-maturing adolescents of both sexes __________.

Accepted Answer

Early-maturing adolescents may feel different from their same-aged peers and seek out older companions who may share their physical and emotional maturity.

Question 15

Which teenage boy is the most likely to feel profoundly lonely?

Accepted Answer

Maurice is the most likely to feel profoundly lonely because he spends Saturday night at home, indicating he may not have social activities or friends to hang out with. The other options all involve some form of social interaction, indicating the boys may have more opportunities for social connections.

Question 16

Virtually all __________ know about __________ ahead of time, but many say that no one spoke to them before or during puberty about physical changes.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Virtually all __________ know about __________ ahead...

Question 17

Which statement about adolescent moodiness is true?

Accepted Answer

Younger adolescents' mood swings are strongly related to situational changes, such as interpersonal conflicts or academic stressors. While teenagers' moods may also be influenced by their leisure activities and social context, the statement about emotional highs and lows coinciding with specific days or settings is not supported by research. Additionally, adolescents may not always rate their moods more positively in adult-structured settings, as these environments may feel restrictive or unresponsive to their changing needs and preferences.

Question 18

Which statement about anorexia nervosa is true?

Accepted Answer

Anorexia nervosa cases have increased over the past half-century, largely due to cultural factors that emphasize and admire thinness, particularly in Western societies.

Question 19

Jason, a late-maturing boy, is likely to __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Jason, a late-maturing boy, is likely to...

Question 20

Which statement about the onset of puberty is true?

Accepted Answer

Boys typically receive less social support than girls during puberty, as societal norms often discourage open discussions about male puberty changes, leading to less communication and support for boys compared to girls who are more likely to discuss and receive guidance on puberty changes.

Quiz 11: Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence