Question 1

Which of the following factors is important in the spread of odontogenic infections from their involvement with gram-negative anaerobic bacteria?

Accepted Answer

The beta-lactamase enzyme is significant in the spread of odontogenic infections involving gram-negative anaerobic bacteria. These bacteria produce beta-lactamase enzymes that inactivate beta-lactam antibiotics like penicillin, which are commonly used to treat dental infections. As a result, other antibiotics must be used to treat these infections.

Question 2

Using an antiseptic oral rinse before treatment, a rubber dam, or an antimicrobial-laced external water supply during treatment when ultrasonics or irrigators are used may be of help in preventing the spread of infection.

Accepted Answer

The statement and the reason are both correct and related as they both suggest measures to prevent the spread of infection during dental treatment. The antiseptic oral rinse before treatment helps to eliminate potentially harmful bacteria in the patient's mouth, while the use of a rubber dam or antimicrobial-laced water supply during treatment helps to prevent the spread of bacteria from the oral cavity to other parts of the body. These measures are important in maintaining good infection control practices in dentistry.

Question 3

From the following list of fascial spaces, select those that can be DIRECTLY involved in the spread of infection concerning Ludwig's angina.

Accepted Answer

The infratemporal space, retropharyngeal space, and parapharyngeal space can be directly involved in Ludwig's angina since they all communicate with the submandibular space and most importantly, infection in any of these spaces can spread in this manner from space to space.

Question 4

From the list of situations, select those which can spread dental infections.

Accepted Answer

Dental infections can spread by the vascular system, paranasal sinuses, fascial spaces, and lymphatics.

Question 5

Since the apices of the mandibular second and third molars are inferior to the mylohyoid muscle, an infection here will MOST likely spread directly to the sublingual space.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Since the apices of the mandibular second...

Question 6

From the list of descriptions, select those that involve bacteremia and its complications.

Accepted Answer

Bacteremia involves bacteria entering the bloodstream, which can lodge in compromised tissues (A) and potentially lead to serious infections such as infective endocarditis (D).

Question 7

A thorough medical history with periodic updates will allow the dental professional to perform safe treatment of medically compromised patients and avoid serious complications due to dental diseases. These patients may require antibiotic premedication before dental treatment or other changes in the dental treatment plan so as to prevent serious sequelae.

Accepted Answer

A thorough medical history with updates is crucial for safe dental treatment of medically compromised patients, and such patients may indeed require antibiotic premedication or treatment plan adjustments to prevent complications.

Question 8

What recent procedure performed in the community has increased the cases of Ludwig's angina?

Accepted Answer

Tongue piercing is a recent procedure that has been associated with an increase in cases of Ludwig's angina. The piercing can introduce bacteria into the tissues of the tongue and floor of the mouth, leading to infection and inflammation. This can cause a serious condition like Ludwig's angina, which is a potentially life-threatening infection.

Question 9

From the list of descriptions, select those that describe components that may be involved as infection resistance factors in the oral cavity.

Accepted Answer

The answer of From the list of descriptions, select those...

Question 10

From the following list of case histories, select those that have a high risk of opportunistic infections.

Accepted Answer

Case histories involving AIDS/HIV, diabetes, cancer, and transplant therapy all have a high risk of opportunistic infections.

Quiz 12: Spread of Infection