Question 1

How many federal district court judges are appointed? ​

Accepted Answer

There are 677 federal district court judgeships. These judges are appointed to their positions, serving in the United States district courts, which are the general trial courts of the United States federal court system.

Question 2

What article of the Constitution establishes the judicial branch of the federal government? ​

Accepted Answer

Article III of the Constitution establishes the judicial branch of the federal government, including the Supreme Court and lower federal courts.

Question 3

What is double jeopardy? ​

Accepted Answer

Double jeopardy refers to the constitutional protection against being prosecuted twice for the same crime.

Question 4

What is a federal court's legal domain?

Accepted Answer

Federal courts have jurisdiction over cases involving federal questions, such as constitutional issues, federal statutes, and treaties. They also have jurisdiction over cases involving diversity of citizenship, in which the parties are from different states and the amount in controversy exceeds $75,000. The other options listed are not within the legal domain of federal courts.

Question 5

Which of the following would not be a federal case?

Accepted Answer

While federal law may be implicated in a violent murder case (such as if the crime were committed on federal land or if the victim was a federal official), it is not necessarily a federal case by default. Generally, murder cases are prosecuted at the state level.

Question 6

What type of court has the authority to hear the facts of the case for the first time? ​

Accepted Answer

Courts of original jurisdiction have the authority to hear the facts of the case for the first time. Circuit courts and state supreme courts have appellate jurisdiction, and appellate courts only review cases that have already been heard in a lower court.

Question 7

What are the two main categories of law operating within the United States? ​

Accepted Answer

These are the two main categories of law operating within the United States. Civil law deals with disputes between individuals or organizations and focuses on compensation or resolution of the dispute. Criminal law deals with offenses against society as a whole and involves punishment for the offender. The other options listed are not the two main categories of law operating within the United States.

Question 8

In civil cases, if the defendant is deemed at fault, then a sentence is imposed that usually includes

Accepted Answer

In civil cases, the main purpose is to provide compensation to the injured party. Therefore, if the defendant is found at fault, they are usually required to provide financial redress to the plaintiff. Incarceration, loss of life, and probation are more commonly associated with criminal cases.

Question 9

​How long is the term of a Supreme Court judge?

Accepted Answer

A Supreme Court judge serves for life, or until they choose to retire or are impeached by Congress. This is intended to allow judges to make decisions without the influence of political pressures or the need to seek re-election.

Question 10

The Supreme Court is the only court allowed to hear all of the following cases except those

Accepted Answer

The Supreme Court has original jurisdiction in cases affecting ambassadors, other public ministers, and those in which a state is a party, as outlined in the U.S. Constitution. However, it does not have exclusive jurisdiction over cases affecting the military; such cases can also be heard in military courts and other federal courts.

Question 11

What does civil law govern?

Accepted Answer

Civil law governs private interactions among individuals and organizations, such as contracts, property ownership, and personal injury cases. Public safety (A) is primarily governed by criminal law, and social interactions that do not involve harm (C) are not typically subject to legal regulation. Interactions between states (D) are governed by international law.

Question 12

Which court or court system is specifically mentioned in the Constitution?

Accepted Answer

The Supreme Court is specifically mentioned in the Constitution in Article III, which establishes the judicial branch of the federal government. The Constitution grants the Supreme Court the power of judicial review and outlines its jurisdiction. The other options are not specifically mentioned in the Constitution, although the creation of lower federal courts is authorized by Congress under Article III, and the state court system is recognized and respected but not directly established by the Constitution. The military court system is not mentioned in the Constitution but is established by Congress under Article I, Section 8, which grants Congress the power to regulate the armed forces.

Question 13

Appeals to the U.S. Circuit Court are ​

Accepted Answer

Appeals to the U.S. Circuit Court are not retrials of the original case but rather reviews of the trial process to ensure that the law was applied correctly. They do not involve original jurisdiction but rather appellate jurisdiction, reviewing decisions from lower courts.

Question 14

Which of the following is not a constitutional protection for the accused?

Accepted Answer

The right to a plea bargain is not explicitly mentioned in the Constitution as a protection for the accused. It is a legal practice that has developed over time and varies by state. The other options are all explicitly stated as constitutional protections for the accused.

Question 15

Who initiates the court's assistance in a civil case by filing a formal legal complaint?

Accepted Answer

The plaintiff initiates the court’s assistance in a civil case by filing a formal legal complaint. The defendant would then need to respond to the complaint, and the case would proceed from there.

Question 16

What determined the composition of the Supreme Court, organized the rest of the federal judicial system, established the jurisdiction of the lower federal court system, and expanded the original jurisdiction of the U.S. Supreme Court? ​

Accepted Answer

The Judiciary Act of 1789 established the basic structure of the federal judicial system and determined the composition of the Supreme Court with one Chief Justice and five Associate Justices. It also established the jurisdiction of lower courts and expanded the original jurisdiction of the Supreme Court.

Question 17

Which of the following has jurisdiction over lawsuits against the federal government? ​

Accepted Answer

The U.S. Court of Federal Claims has exclusive jurisdiction over lawsuits against the federal government, except for cases involving tort claims or constitutional claims, which can also be filed in federal district courts.

Question 18

Which of the following is not typical of a criminal case?

Accepted Answer

In a criminal case, financial redress is not directed to the plaintiff. The purpose of a criminal case is to determine the guilt or innocence of the accused and to impose punishment if the defendant is found guilty. Any fines or restitution paid by the defendant are typically directed to the government or a victim's compensation fund, not to the plaintiff.

Question 19

Criminal laws exist to protect

Accepted Answer

Criminal laws exist to protect society from harm by punishing individuals who commit crimes that threaten public safety, order, and well-being.

Question 20

Under the nation's system of federalism, each state has ​

Accepted Answer

Under the system of federalism in the United States, each state has created its own individual state constitution and judicial system. While many of the principles and structures may be similar across states, each state has the autonomy to create and modify its own system of government within the framework of the US Constitution.

Quiz 8: Judiciary

How many federal district court judges are appointed?

What article of the Constitution establishes the judicial branch of the federal government?

What is double jeopardy?

What is a federal court's legal domain?

Which of the following would not be a federal case?

What type of court has the authority to hear the facts of the case for the first time?

What are the two main categories of law operating within the United States?

In civil cases, if the defendant is deemed at fault, then a sentence is imposed that usually includes

How long is the term of a Supreme Court judge?

The Supreme Court is the only court allowed to hear all of the following cases except those

What does civil law govern?

Which court or court system is specifically mentioned in the Constitution?

Appeals to the U.S. Circuit Court are

Which of the following is not a constitutional protection for the accused?

Who initiates the court's assistance in a civil case by filing a formal legal complaint?

What determined the composition of the Supreme Court, organized the rest of the federal judicial system, established the jurisdiction of the lower federal court system, and expanded the original jurisdiction of the U.S. Supreme Court?

Which of the following has jurisdiction over lawsuits against the federal government?

Which of the following is not typical of a criminal case?

Criminal laws exist to protect

Under the nation's system of federalism, each state has

Quiz 8: Judiciary

How many federal district court judges are appointed? ​

What article of the Constitution establishes the judicial branch of the federal government? ​

What is double jeopardy? ​

What is a federal court's legal domain?

​Which of the following would not be a federal case?

What type of court has the authority to hear the facts of the case for the first time? ​

What are the two main categories of law operating within the United States? ​

In civil cases, if the defendant is deemed at fault, then a sentence is imposed that usually includes

​How long is the term of a Supreme Court judge?

The Supreme Court is the only court allowed to hear all of the following cases except ​those

What does civil law govern?

Which court or court system is specifically mentioned in the Constitution?

Appeals to the U.S. Circuit Court are ​

Which of the following is not a constitutional protection for the accused? ​

Who initiates the court's assistance in a civil case by filing a formal legal complaint?

What determined the composition of the Supreme Court, organized the rest of the federal judicial system, established the jurisdiction of the lower federal court system, and expanded the original jurisdiction of the U.S. Supreme Court? ​

Which of the following has jurisdiction over lawsuits against the federal government? ​

Which of the following is not typical of a criminal case?

Criminal laws exist to protect

Under the nation's system of federalism, each state has ​

How many federal district court judges are appointed?

What article of the Constitution establishes the judicial branch of the federal government?

What is double jeopardy?

Which of the following would not be a federal case?

What type of court has the authority to hear the facts of the case for the first time?

What are the two main categories of law operating within the United States?

How long is the term of a Supreme Court judge?

The Supreme Court is the only court allowed to hear all of the following cases except those

Appeals to the U.S. Circuit Court are

Which of the following is not a constitutional protection for the accused?

What determined the composition of the Supreme Court, organized the rest of the federal judicial system, established the jurisdiction of the lower federal court system, and expanded the original jurisdiction of the U.S. Supreme Court?

Which of the following has jurisdiction over lawsuits against the federal government?

Under the nation's system of federalism, each state has