Question 1

Which of the following statements about current trends in parenting and work is true?

Accepted Answer

Expectations facing parents at home and in the workplace are rising due to increased demands for work-life balance, career advancement, and active parenting roles.

Question 2

Who wrote the ground-breaking book on the historical construction of childhood titled Centuries of Childhood?

Accepted Answer

Phillipe Aries wrote "Centuries of Childhood," which is a seminal work on the historical development and social construction of childhood.

Question 3

As Jenks points out in their 2005 research, a collective understanding of adolescence as a distinct period in the life course did not exist until which period?

Accepted Answer

Following the Second World WarThis is when the concept of adolescence as a distinct period in the life course began to emerge.

Question 4

Glenda Wall, the author of Chapter 5, concluded which of the following from her research on parenting advice from the 1980s and the 2000s?

Accepted Answer

Glenda Wall concluded that in the 2000s, mothers were encouraged to focus less on their own needs, reflecting a shift in parenting advice compared to the 1980s.

Question 5

The term "intensive mothering" was coined by Sharon Hays in which year?

Accepted Answer

Sharon Hays coined the term "intensive mothering" in her book "The Cultural Contradictions of Motherhood," which was published in 1996.

Question 6

What were the "cultural contradictions" Sharon Hays concluded were at the core of modern motherhood?

Accepted Answer

Sharon Hays argued that the cultural contradictions of modern motherhood stem from the clash between the demands of intensive parenting, which requires significant time and emotional investment, and the demands of the marketplace, which requires workers to prioritize their jobs and give undivided attention to their work.

Question 7

Which ideas are at the core of John Bowlby's popular theories such as maternal deprivation and attachment?

Accepted Answer

John Bowlby's theories, particularly maternal deprivation and attachment, are based on the idea that a child's bond with their mother is crucial for psychological development, reflecting gendered assumptions about the nature of motherhood.

Question 8

When was the theory of maternal deprivation developed?

Accepted Answer

The theory of maternal deprivation was developed by John Bowlby in the 1950s.

Question 9

Following World War II, there was a shift in child-rearing literature as it began to focus extensively on which aspects of a child's life?

Accepted Answer

Following World War II, there was a shift in child-rearing literature as it began to focus extensively on the psychological and emotional well-being of children.

Question 10

Which two cultural and social developments in Western societies resulted in a rapid escalation in the intensity of parenthood in the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries?

Accepted Answer

Neo-liberal rationality emphasizes individual responsibility and self-reliance, which has led to increased pressure on parents to be solely responsible for their children's well-being. The promotion of "new brain research" hype in the media has also contributed to the escalation in the intensity of parenthood, as it has led to increased anxiety about children's development and the need for intensive parenting practices.

Question 11

Which of the following was central to the neo-liberal ideologies that informed the shift to the cultural expectations of intensive parenting?

Accepted Answer

Neo-liberal ideologies emphasize individual responsibility, which aligns with the cultural expectations of intensive parenting where parents are seen as primarily responsible for their children's development and success.

Question 12

Research on gender and intensive parenting has identified which trends in mothers' experience in heterosexual, two-parent families?

Accepted Answer

Research indicates that mothers in heterosexual, two-parent families often bear a disproportionate share of household work, experience more guilt for time spent away from children, and feel more pressure to meet intensive parenting standards compared to fathers.

Question 13

The 1980s saw the beginnings of the global spread of ____________ politics aimed at dismantling the welfare state.

Accepted Answer

Neo-liberal politics in the 1980s focused on reducing government intervention in the economy, which included efforts to dismantle the welfare state.

Question 14

What was the outcome of the case where a British Columbian father was ordered by child welfare authorities to stop letting his four children, aged seven through eleven, take a public bus to school?

Accepted Answer

The father won his appeal after a lengthy legal battle, which lasted about three years, challenging the initial decision by child welfare authorities.

Question 15

Brain development advice in the 1990s built on the assumptions of which of the following theories?

Accepted Answer

Attachment theory was a significant influence on brain development advice in the 1990s, emphasizing the importance of early bonding and emotional connections between children and caregivers.

Question 16

"Baby Einstein" videos are an example of the popularity of which trend in parenting advice?

Accepted Answer

The answer of "Baby Einstein" videos are an example of...

Question 17

The slogan "The years before five last the rest of their lives" is an example of which popular trend in child-rearing advice?

Accepted Answer

This slogan reflects the trend of "New Brain Research," which emphasizes the critical importance of early childhood development and how experiences in the first few years can have lasting impacts on a child's brain and future.

Question 18

As a result of evolving parenting advice, lessons and enrichment classes of various sorts for young children grew much more popular among the middle class during which decade?

Accepted Answer

The answer of As a result of evolving parenting advice,...

Question 19

Building resilience in children is central to parenting expectations today. However, research on resilience has historically focused on which group?

Accepted Answer

Research on resilience has historically focused on individuals who experienced traumatic or seriously adverse life conditions and went on to lead successful lives nonetheless.

Question 20

Which of the following is not a way that contemporary parenting experts suggest parents build resilience in their children?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is not a...

Quiz 5: Parenting Young Children: Decisions and Realities