Question 1

________ is an attitude toward members of a group based solely on their group membership.

Accepted Answer

Prejudice is an attitude or prejudgment, often negative, toward a person or group based solely on their membership in a particular group, without actual experience with the individual or group.

Question 2

Pavel believes that all Native Americans are alcoholics and smoke long pipes. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

Pavel's belief is an example of a stereotype, which is an oversimplified generalization about a group of people without considering individual differences.

Question 3

Rosenthal and Jacobson (1968) conducted research on children labeled "bloomers" and "normal". Their results supported the notion of

Accepted Answer

Rosenthal and Jacobson's study demonstrated the self-fulfilling prophecy effect, where teachers' expectations influenced students' performance, leading those labeled as "bloomers" to perform better due to higher expectations placed upon them.

Question 4

Modern prejudice, as defined in the book, is more ________ than traditional racism.

Accepted Answer

Modern prejudice tends to be more subtle and covert, reflecting attitudes that are not as openly expressed as traditional forms of racism.

Question 5

Modern racism is _________ than oldfashioned racism.

Accepted Answer

Modern racism tends to be more subtle compared to old-fashioned racism, which was more overt and easily identifiable. This subtlety makes it harder to detect and address.

Question 6

The BEST example below of modern prejudice is

Accepted Answer

Modern prejudice often manifests in subtle, non-verbal behaviors such as physical distancing, which is exemplified by a White interviewer sitting further away from Black interviewees.

Question 7

Which of the following is the BEST example of the selffulfilling prophecy?

Accepted Answer

A self-fulfilling prophecy occurs when an individual's expectations about another person or entity cause the individual to act in ways that provoke the expected behavior, making the prediction come true. In choice B, expecting hostility and then provoking it is a classic example of a self-fulfilling prophecy.

Question 8

Immigrants in the U.S. are

Accepted Answer

Immigrants of color often face higher levels of discrimination due to racial biases and systemic inequalities.

Question 9

In order for intergroup contact to reduce prejudice, what conditions need to be met?

Accepted Answer

All of the conditions listed are part of Allport's conditions for optimal intergroup contact to reduce prejudice. Equal status between groups, interdependence, and the perception of individuals as unique persons, rather than stereotypes, are all crucial for reducing prejudice through intergroup contact.

Question 10

Which of the following could be used to foster acceptance of diversity in schools?

Accepted Answer

All of these techniques are designed to foster acceptance of diversity in schools. The jigsaw technique involves students from various backgrounds working together to complete a task, promoting cooperation and understanding. Intergroup contact refers to bringing together individuals from different backgrounds to interact and form positive relationships. The Eye of the Storm technique is an exercise that simulates discrimination and its effects, helping students understand and empathize with those who experience discrimination.

Question 11

To reduce prejudice among school children, community psychologists would suggest

Accepted Answer

All of these options are strategies that community psychologists might suggest to reduce prejudice among school children. The jigsaw technique involves students working together in diverse groups to complete a task, promoting cooperation and reducing prejudice. Superordinate goals refer to shared goals that can only be achieved through cooperation among groups, which can help reduce intergroup conflict. Magnet schools, which draw students from different backgrounds to promote diversity, can also help reduce prejudice by increasing contact and interaction among students from various social, ethnic, and economic backgrounds.

Question 12

Mastery (expert) groups learn their lessons and break into scrambled groups such that one expert from each mastery group is present. The children in the scrambled groups thus depend on each expert. This method is

Accepted Answer

The jigsaw classroom is a cooperative learning technique where students are divided into mastery groups to learn different sections of a topic. They then reassemble into new groups with one member from each mastery group, ensuring that each new group has expertise in all sections of the topic.

Question 13

In the Eye of the Storm demonstration, students are shown

Accepted Answer

The Eye of the Storm demonstration is designed to teach students about the pain caused by prejudice and discrimination, by simulating these experiences in a controlled environment.

Question 14

A teacher tells his students that children with red hair are inferior and should be ignored. One week later, he indicates that children with brown hair are inferior and should be ignored? the redheaded children are now superior. This technique is called _________ and is designed to teach _________.

Accepted Answer

The technique described is known as the "Eye of the Storm" technique, which was developed by Jane Elliott to teach students about prejudice and discrimination by assigning them inferior or superior statuses based on arbitrary characteristics, such as eye or hair color.

Question 15

Which strategy works best to promote racial understanding in classrooms according to research?

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that having students of various races work together on cooperative tasks that require interdependence can effectively promote racial understanding. This approach, known as cooperative learning, encourages students to interact positively with one another, learn from each other, and see the value in each other's contributions, thereby reducing racial prejudices and stereotypes.

Question 16

You are an excellent musician. Therefore, your parents send you to a special, racially integrated school with students from other districts and who share the same love of music. This type of school is known as

Accepted Answer

Magnet schools are designed to attract students from diverse social, economic, ethnic, and racial backgrounds who have specific interests or talents, such as music, in this scenario. They often focus on themes like STEM, performing arts, or in this case, music, to provide specialized programs beyond what is available in regular public schools.

Question 17

Which of the following factors predicts likelihood of dropping out of school?

Accepted Answer

All of the factors listed - alienation from school, low socioeconomic status, and having English as a second language - have been identified in research as predictors of a higher likelihood of dropping out of school. Each of these factors can contribute to challenges in academic success and school engagement.

Question 18

According to research, which of the following factors predicts the probability that an adolescent will drop out of high school?

Accepted Answer

All of the factors listed - being Hispanic, having friends who drop out, and repeating a grade - have been identified in research as predictors of an increased probability that an adolescent will drop out of high school. These factors can influence an individual's engagement and performance in school, thereby affecting their likelihood of completing their education.

Question 19

When even gifted students drop out of school or become alienated, what are community psychologists most likely to see as the overarching cause?

Accepted Answer

Community psychologists often attribute the dropout or alienation of even gifted students primarily to the school climate, as it encompasses the broader environmental and social factors that influence student engagement and well-being.

Question 20

Which of the following is true about high school dropouts? Compared to students who remain in school, those students who drop out

Accepted Answer

All of the options listed are true about high school dropouts. They are more likely to suffer from unemployment, have lower earnings, and tend to become single parents compared to their peers who remain in school.

Quiz 8: Schools, Children, and the Community