Question 1

A hockey player swings her hockey stick and strikes a puck. According to Newton's third law of motion, which of the following is a reaction to the stick pushing on the puck?
A)the puck pushing on the stick
B)the stick pushing on the player
C)the player pushing on the stick
D)the puck pushing on the player

Accepted Answer

According to Newton's third law of motion, for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. When the hockey stick pushes on the puck (action), the puck pushes back on the stick with equal force in the opposite direction (reaction).

Question 2

To make ice, water must irst be cooled. The speciic heat of water is 4,186 J/kg • °C. Approximately how much heat must be removed from 0.50 kg of water to change its temperature from 24°C to 5°C?
A)0 J
B)19,900 J
C)39,800 J
D)79,500 J

Accepted Answer

The answer of To make ice, water must irst be...

Question 3

A cart at the top of a hill is released and rolls down the hill. Which of the following describes the energy of the cart just as it reaches the bottom of the hill?
A)The cart has no energy.
B)The cart has maximum kinetic energy.
C)The cart has maximum gravitational potential energy.
D)The cart has equal gravitational potential and kinetic energy.

Accepted Answer

As the cart rolls down the hill, its gravitational potential energy is converted into kinetic energy. Just as it reaches the bottom of the hill, its potential energy is at a minimum (essentially zero if we're considering the bottom as the reference point), and its kinetic energy is at a maximum because it is moving at its fastest speed.

Question 4

When one end of a short metal bar is heated, the opposite end will eventually become hot. Which of the following processes transfers the heat through the bar?
A)condensation
B)conduction
C)convection
D)radiation

Accepted Answer

Heat transfer through a solid material like a metal bar is primarily due to conduction. In this process, heat energy is transferred from the hot end to the cooler end through the vibration and movement of the particles within the material.

Question 5

Which of the following will deinitely cause a change in the velocity of a parked car?
A)The car experiences an unbalanced force.
B)All forces acting on the car increase by 1 N.
C)All forces acting on the car decrease by 1 N.
D)The forces acting on the car are equal and balanced.

Accepted Answer

An unbalanced force acting on an object will cause it to accelerate, according to Newton's second law of motion. This change in acceleration will result in a change in velocity, which is why option A is correct. Options B, C, and D describe scenarios where forces are either balanced or changed uniformly, which would not result in a change in velocity if the forces remain balanced.

Question 6

A rise in the temperature inside a kitchen means there is an increase in the
A)density of the air molecules.
B)number of the air molecules.
C)average size of the air molecules.
D)average kinetic energy of the air molecules.

Accepted Answer

When the temperature inside a kitchen rises, it means that the average kinetic energy of the air molecules increases. This is because temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the molecules in a substance.

Question 7

Which of the following provides the best example of simple harmonic motion?
A)riding a regular bus route
B)sliding down a water slide
C)running a consistent daily jog
D)swinging on a playground swing

Accepted Answer

Swinging on a playground swing is the best example of simple harmonic motion because it involves a periodic and oscillatory movement around an equilibrium position, similar to the motion described by simple harmonic motion in physics.

Question 8

Jessica places 1000 g of water at 20.0°C in an insulated cup. The speciic heat capacity of water is 4.20 J/g • °C. What is the inal temperature of the water if 5000 J of energy is added to the water in the insulated cup?
A)20.1°C
B)20.5°C
C)21.2°C
D)25.0°C

Accepted Answer

The temperature change can be calculated using the formula: q = mcΔT. Solving for ΔT gives ΔT = q / (mc). Substituting the given values: ΔT = 5000 J / (1000 g * 4.20 J/g°C) = 1.19°C. Adding this to the initial temperature: 20.0°C + 1.19°C ≈ 21.2°C.

Question 9

Which of the following is a vector quantity?
A)mass
B)force
C)temperature
D)kinetic energy

Accepted Answer

Force is a vector quantity because it has both magnitude and direction.

Question 10

Two identical beakers each contain 250 mL of water. The temperature of the water is 85°C in one beaker and 15°C in the other beaker. A drop of red food coloring is placed in each beaker at the same time. During the irst minute, which of the following is most likely to happen?
A)The food coloring will spread out faster in the 85°C water than in the 15°C water.
B)The food coloring will form a layer at the top of each beaker since it does not mix with water
C)The food coloring will spread only halfway through the water in each beaker due to convection currents.
D)The food coloring will settle faster at the bottom of the beaker containing 85°C water than at the bottom of the beaker containing 15°C water.

Accepted Answer

The food coloring will spread out faster in the 85°C water than in the 15°C water because higher temperatures increase the kinetic energy of water molecules, which enhances the diffusion rate of the food coloring.

Question 11

What is the mass of an object weighing 63 N on Earth?
A) 0.1 kg
B) 6.3 kg
C) 73 kg
D) 617 kg

Accepted Answer

The mass of an object can be calculated using the formula $F = ma$, where $F$ is the force in newtons (N), $m$ is the mass in kilograms (kg), and $a$ is the acceleration due to gravity on Earth, approximately $9.8 \, \text{m/s}^2$. Given a weight (force) of 63 N, the mass is calculated as $m = \frac{F}{a} = \frac{63 \, \text{N}}{9.8 \, \text{m/s}^2} \approx 6.4 \, \text{kg}$, which rounds to 6.3 kg for the choices given.

Question 12

Which of the following is least likely to result in the generation of static charge?
A)peeling plastic wrap off a CD case
B)combing dry hair with a plastic comb
C)rubbing one's shoes on a synthetic carpet
D)drying one's body with a towel after a shower

Accepted Answer

Drying one's body with a towel after a shower is least likely to generate a static charge because the presence of moisture reduces the buildup of static electricity. The other options involve dry materials and friction, which are more conducive to generating static charge.

Question 13

The distance between Earth and the Moon was determined by measuring the time it took for light waves from Earth to travel to the Moon and back. Why was it not possible to use sound waves for this experiment?
A)Sound waves must move through a substance.
B)Sound waves would change frequency on the return to Earth.
C)Sound waves move too slowly for the technique to be accurate.
D)Sound waves move more slowly in Earth's atmosphere than in space.

Accepted Answer

Sound waves require a medium (such as air, water, or solid materials) to travel through, but space is a vacuum, lacking such a medium for sound waves to propagate.

Question 14

Which of the following requires the greatest amount of heat?
A)increasing the temperature of 1 kg of water from 0°C to 30°C
B)increasing the temperature of 10 kg of water from 10°C to 20°C
C)increasing the temperature of 20 kg of water from 19°C to 21°C
D)increasing the temperature of 50 kg of water from 20°C to 21°C

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following requires the greatest...

Question 15

If heat is added to a liquid, which of the following occurs?
A)The friction in the liquid increases.
B)The size of the liquid molecules expands.
C)The potential energy of the liquid changes.
D)The molecular motion in the liquid increases.

Accepted Answer

When heat is added to a liquid, the molecular motion increases as the molecules gain kinetic energy, leading to an increase in temperature.

Question 16

A 600 g basketball, a 57 g tennis ball, a 46 g golf ball, and a 2.7 g table tennis ball are moving with the same velocity. Which ball has the greatest momentum?
A)golf ball
B)basketball
C)tennis ball
D)table tennis ball

Accepted Answer

Momentum is the product of mass and velocity. Since all balls are moving with the same velocity, the ball with the greatest mass will have the greatest momentum. The basketball has the greatest mass (600 g), so it has the greatest momentum.

Question 17

Which of the following is a main factor that affects the speed of a wave?
A)the pitch of sound
B)the loudness of sound
C)the amplitude of the wave
D)the properties of the medium

Accepted Answer

The speed of a wave is primarily determined by the properties of the medium through which it travels, such as density, elasticity, and temperature, rather than by characteristics of the wave itself like pitch, loudness, or amplitude.

Question 18

The motor of one car is more powerful than the motor of another car. Which of the following must be true of the more powerful motor?
A)It can do work more quickly.
B)It can operate for a longer time.
C)It can burn fuel more eficiently.
D)It can store more potential energy.

Accepted Answer

A more powerful motor can do work more quickly because power is defined as the rate at which work is done or energy is transferred. The other options (B, C, D) do not necessarily follow from a motor being more powerful.

Question 19

Which of the following waves travels fastest?
A)water waves in oceans
B)seismic waves in rocks
C)sound waves from a violin string
D)electromagnetic waves from the Sun

Accepted Answer

Electromagnetic waves, which include light waves from the Sun, travel at the speed of light (approximately 299,792 kilometers per second in a vacuum), making them the fastest among the options listed.

Question 20

How long will it take a car to accelerate from 20 m/s to 26 m/s at a rate of 1.4 m/s2?
A) 2.2 s
B) 2.7 s
C) 4.3 s
D) 4.6 s

Accepted Answer

The answer of How long will it take a car...

Quiz 32: (AP) Physics: Introductory Physics

A hockey player swings her hockey stick and strikes a puck. According to Newton's third law of motion, which of the following is a reaction to the stick pushing on the puck?

To make ice, water must irst be cooled. The speciic heat of water is 4,186 J/kg • °C. Approximately how much heat must be removed from 0.50 kg of water to change its temperature from 24°C to 5°C?

A cart at the top of a hill is released and rolls down the hill. Which of the following describes the energy of the cart just as it reaches the bottom of the hill?

When one end of a short metal bar is heated, the opposite end will eventually become hot. Which of the following processes transfers the heat through the bar?

Which of the following will deinitely cause a change in the velocity of a parked car?

A rise in the temperature inside a kitchen means there is an increase in the

Which of the following provides the best example of simple harmonic motion?

Jessica places 1000 g of water at 20.0°C in an insulated cup. The speciic heat capacity of water is 4.20 J/g • °C. What is the inal temperature of the water if 5000 J of energy is added to the water in the insulated cup?

Which of the following is a vector quantity?

Two identical beakers each contain 250 mL of water. The temperature of the water is 85°C in one beaker and 15°C in the other beaker. A drop of red food coloring is placed in each beaker at the same time. During the irst minute, which of the following is most likely to happen?

What is the mass of an object weighing 63 N on Earth?

Which of the following is least likely to result in the generation of static charge?

The distance between Earth and the Moon was determined by measuring the time it took for light waves from Earth to travel to the Moon and back. Why was it not possible to use sound waves for this experiment?

Which of the following requires the greatest amount of heat?

If heat is added to a liquid, which of the following occurs?

A 600 g basketball, a 57 g tennis ball, a 46 g golf ball, and a 2.7 g table tennis ball are moving with the same velocity. Which ball has the greatest momentum?

Which of the following is a main factor that affects the speed of a wave?

The motor of one car is more powerful than the motor of another car. Which of the following must be true of the more powerful motor?

Which of the following waves travels fastest?

How long will it take a car to accelerate from 20 m/s to 26 m/s at a rate of 1.4 m/s2?