Question 1

An expert system differs from a database program in that only an expert system:
A)contains declarative knowledge
B)contains procedural knowledge
C)features the retrieval of stored information
D)expects users to draw their own conclusions

Accepted Answer

Expert systems contain procedural knowledge, which refers to the knowledge of how to perform certain tasks. This is in contrast to databases, which primarily store and retrieve declarative knowledge (facts and information). Expert systems are designed to simulate the decision-making ability of a human expert by applying a set of rules to the data.

Question 2

Natural language understanding is used in:
A)natural language interfaces
B)natural language front ends
C)text understanding systems
D)all of the mentioned

Accepted Answer

Natural language understanding is a component of all the mentioned systems, as it involves interpreting and making sense of human language input.

Question 3

Which of the following are examples of software development tools?
A)debuggers
B)editors
C)assemblers, compilers and interpreters
D)all of the mentioned

Accepted Answer

All of the mentioned options (debuggers, editors, assemblers, compilers, and interpreters) are essential tools in the software development process, aiding in code creation, modification, debugging, and execution.

Question 4

The first AI programming language was called:
A)basic
B)fortran
C)ipl(inductive logic programming)
D)lisp

Accepted Answer

LISP, developed by John McCarthy in 1958, is recognized as the first programming language designed for artificial intelligence research.

Question 5

The Personal Consultant is based on:
A)emycin
B)ops5+
C)xcon
D)all of the mentioned

Accepted Answer

The Personal Consultant is based on all of the mentioned: emycin, ops5+, and xcon. These are all systems or tools that have been used in the development or functioning of expert systems, which the Personal Consultant is an example of.

Question 6

What is the extraction of the meaning of utterance?
A)syntactic
B)semantic
C)pragmatic
D)none of the mentioned

Accepted Answer

Semantic extraction involves understanding the meaning of words and sentences in a language.

Question 7

What is the process of associating an FOL expression with a phrase?
A)interpretation
B)augment reality
C)semantic interpretation
D)augment interpretation

Accepted Answer

Semantic interpretation is the process of associating an FOL (First-Order Logic) expression with a phrase, aiming to understand its meaning within a logical framework.

Question 8

What is meant by compositional semantics?
A)determining the meaning
B)logical connectives
C)semantics
D)none of the mentioned

Accepted Answer

Compositional semantics refers to the process of determining the meaning of a sentence by understanding the meanings of its parts and how they are combined.

Question 9

What is used to augment a grammar for arithmetic expression with semantics?
A)notation
B)dcg (definite clause grammar) notation
C)constituent
D)all of the mentioned

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is used to augment a grammar...

Question 10

What can't be done in the semantic interpretation?
A)logical term
B)complete logical sentence
C)both a & b
D)none of the mentioned

Accepted Answer

Semantic interpretation can involve translating natural language into a logical term or a complete logical sentence, so neither of these options is something that can't be done in semantic interpretation.

Question 11

How many verb tenses are there in English language?
A)1
B)2
C)3
D)4

Accepted Answer

English has three primary verb tenses: past, present, and future. These tenses indicate the time at which an action or state of being occurs.

Question 12

Which is used to mediate between syntax and semantics?
A)form
B)intermediate form
C)grammar
D)all of the mentioned

Accepted Answer

An intermediate form is used to mediate between syntax and semantics by providing a representation that captures the structure of the source code while being closer to the target machine code.

Question 13

What is meant by quasi-logical form?
A)sits between syntactic and logical form
B)logical connectives
C)both a & b
D)none of the mentioned

Accepted Answer

Quasi-logical form is a representation that sits between syntactic and logical form, capturing the logical structure of a sentence while retaining some syntactic information.

Question 14

How many types of quantification are available in artificial intelligence?
A)1
B)2
C)3
D)4

Accepted Answer

In artificial intelligence, there are two primary types of quantification: universal quantification and existential quantification. Universal quantification refers to statements that assert something is true for all instances, while existential quantification asserts that there is at least one instance for which the statement is true.

Question 15

What kind of interpretation is done by adding context dependent information?
A)semantic
B)syntactic
C)pragmatic
D)none of the mentioned

Accepted Answer

Pragmatic interpretation involves adding context-dependent information to understand the meaning or intention behind a statement or text, going beyond just the literal meaning (semantic) or the structure of the sentence (syntactic).

Question 16

Which condition is used to cease the growth of forward chaining?
A)atomic sentences
B)complex sentences
C)no further inference
D)all of the mentioned

Accepted Answer

Forward chaining ceases when no further inferences can be made, meaning it stops when it cannot derive any new information from the given set of rules and facts. Atomic and complex sentences are types of sentences in logic but do not directly relate to the cessation of forward chaining's growth.

Question 17

Which closely resembles propositional definite clause?
A)resolution
B)inference
C)conjunction
D)first-order definite clauses

Accepted Answer

Propositional definite clauses are a subset of first-order logic that deals with propositions that are either true or false. First-order definite clauses can represent these propositions, along with more complex statements involving quantifiers and variables, making it the closest in resemblance.

Question 18

What is the condition of variables in first-order literals?
A)existentially quantified
B)universally quantified
C)both a & b
D)none of the mentioned

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the condition of variables in...

Question 19

Which is more suitable normal form to be used with definite clause?
A)positive literal
B)negative literal
C)generalized modus ponens
D)neutral literal

Accepted Answer

Generalized modus ponens is more suitable for use with definite clauses because it is a rule of inference that allows deriving conclusions from a set of premises where the premises and the conclusion are all definite clauses.

Question 20

Which will be the instance of the class data log knowledge bases?
A)variables
B)no function symbols
C)first-order definite clauses
D)none of the mentioned

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which will be the instance of the...

Quiz 2: AI and Knowledge Base Programming

An expert system differs from a database program in that only an expert system:

Natural language understanding is used in:

Which of the following are examples of software development tools?

The first AI programming language was called:

The Personal Consultant is based on:

What is the extraction of the meaning of utterance?

What is the process of associating an FOL expression with a phrase?

What is meant by compositional semantics?

What is used to augment a grammar for arithmetic expression with semantics?

What can't be done in the semantic interpretation?

How many verb tenses are there in English language?

Which is used to mediate between syntax and semantics?

What is meant by quasi-logical form?

How many types of quantification are available in artificial intelligence?

What kind of interpretation is done by adding context dependent information?

Which condition is used to cease the growth of forward chaining?

Which closely resembles propositional definite clause?

What is the condition of variables in first-order literals?

Which is more suitable normal form to be used with definite clause?

Which will be the instance of the class data log knowledge bases?