Question 1

Generally speaking,a neuron will release a greater number of neurotransmitters than what it will respond to with its own receptors.​

Accepted Answer

False

Question 2

Electrical communication between neurons is faster than chemical communication within neurons.​

Accepted Answer

Electrical communication between neurons happens through the movement of ions and is much faster than chemical communication which relies on neurotransmitters to transmit signals within neurons.

Question 3

Transmission of information between neurons occurs in the same way as transmission along an axon.​

Accepted Answer

Transmission of information between neurons occurs at synapses through chemical or electrical signals, whereas transmission along an axon is typically electrical, involving the movement of ions across the axonal membrane.

Question 4

Most neurons release more than one kind of neurotransmitter.​

Accepted Answer

Most neurons release more than one kind of neurotransmitter, allowing for more diverse and complex communication between neurons and throughout the nervous system.

Question 5

Most of the brain's excitatory ionotropic synapses use the neurotransmitter glutamate.​

Accepted Answer

This statement is true. Many of the brain's excitatory ionotropic synapses use glutamate as their neurotransmitter.

Question 6

Gases can be used as neurotransmitters.​

Accepted Answer

Gases such as nitric oxide, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen sulfide have been identified as neurotransmitters in the nervous system.

Question 7

Specialized junctions between neurons are called ____.​
A)nodes of Ranvier
B)​spines
C)​dendrites
D)synapses

Accepted Answer

Specialized junctions between neurons are called synapses, where electrical or chemical signals are transmitted from one neuron to the next. The other options listed are all parts of a neuron, but not specifically the junctions between them. Nodes of Ranvier are gaps in the myelin sheath of an axon, dendrites are branched extensions of a neuron that receive signals from other neurons, and spines are small protrusions on dendrites that can also receive signals.

Question 8

The circuit from sensory neuron to muscle response is called ____.​
A)a reflex arc
B)​a synapse
C)​flexion
D)extension

Accepted Answer

A reflex arc is the circuit from a sensory neuron to a muscle response, which allows for quick and automatic responses to stimuli without requiring input from the brain. The other options (B, C, and D) are not comprehensive enough to describe the entire circuit.

Question 9

Spatial summation is the result of synaptic inputs from different locations arriving at the same time.​

Accepted Answer

Spatial summation occurs when synaptic inputs from multiple locations on a neuron arrive simultaneously and add together to reach the threshold for an action potential.

Question 10

Inhibitory synapses actively suppress excitatory responses.​

Accepted Answer

The answer of Inhibitory synapses actively suppress excitatory responses.​...

Question 11

Most of the known neurotransmitters are synthesized from amino acids.​

Accepted Answer

Most of the known neurotransmitters, such as dopamine, serotonin, and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), are synthesized from amino acids. However, there are some neurotransmitters, such as acetylcholine and nitric oxide, that are not synthesized from amino acids.

Question 12

Whether or not a neurotransmitter is excitatory depends on the response of the postsynaptic receptor.​

Accepted Answer

This statement is true. The effect of a neurotransmitter on the postsynaptic cell depends on the specific type of receptor it binds to. Some receptors are excitatory, meaning they increase the likelihood of an action potential being generated in the postsynaptic neuron, while others are inhibitory, meaning they decrease the likelihood of an action potential being generated. Therefore, the same neurotransmitter can have different effects depending on the type of receptor it binds to.

Question 13

On the basis of what evidence were the properties of synapses first inferred?​
A)the electron microscope
B)​single-neuron recordings
C)​behavioral observations
D)PET scans

Accepted Answer

The properties of synapses were first inferred from behavioral observations, as early neuroscientists observed how changes in behavior could be linked to changes in neural activity and communication.

Question 14

Sherrington studied ____,which are automatic muscular responses to stimuli.​
A)instincts
B)​reflexes
C)​inhibitions
D)aversions

Accepted Answer

Sherrington's study focused on reflexes, which are automatic muscular responses to stimuli.

Question 15

Only sensory neurons are found in a reflex arc.​

Accepted Answer

Reflex arcs consist of sensory neurons, interneurons, and motor neurons. The sensory neurons detect a stimulus and send the information to the interneurons, which process the information and decide on the appropriate response. The motor neurons then carry the response signal back to the muscles or glands to produce the reflex action.

Question 16

Metabotropic synapses use a large variety of transmitters.​

Accepted Answer

Metabotropic synapses use a variety of transmitters including neurotransmitters like dopamine, serotonin, and acetylcholine.

Question 17

The amount of temporal summation depends on the rate of stimulation.​

Accepted Answer

Temporal summation is the process by which a neuron integrates multiple EPSPs or IPSPs generated at the same synapse in rapid succession. The amount of temporal summation depends on the rate of stimulation, with higher rates leading to more summation.

Question 18

At synapses,the cell that receives the message is called the presynaptic neuron.​

Accepted Answer

The presynaptic neuron is the cell that sends the message across the synapse, while the postsynaptic neuron is the cell that receives the message.

Question 19

Neurotransmitter levels in the brain can be affected by changes in diet.​

Accepted Answer

Certain nutrients in the foods we eat can affect the production and function of neurotransmitters in the brain. For example, consuming foods high in tryptophan can increase the production of serotonin, a neurotransmitter involved in mood regulation. Similarly, consuming foods high in tyrosine can increase the production of dopamine and norepinephrine, neurotransmitters involved in motivation and alertness.

Question 20

Charles S.Sherrington was the first to infer the properties of ____.​
A)synapses
B)​the refractory period
C)​the sodium-potassium pump
D)dendrites and axons

Accepted Answer

Charles S. Sherrington was the first to infer the properties of synapses.

Quiz 2: Synapses

Generally speaking,a neuron will release a greater number of neurotransmitters than what it will respond to with its own receptors.​

Electrical communication between neurons is faster than chemical communication within neurons.​

Transmission of information between neurons occurs in the same way as transmission along an axon.​

Most neurons release more than one kind of neurotransmitter.​

Most of the brain's excitatory ionotropic synapses use the neurotransmitter glutamate.​

Gases can be used as neurotransmitters.​

Specialized junctions between neurons are called ____.​

The circuit from sensory neuron to muscle response is called ____.​

Spatial summation is the result of synaptic inputs from different locations arriving at the same time.​

Inhibitory synapses actively suppress excitatory responses.​

Most of the known neurotransmitters are synthesized from amino acids.​

Whether or not a neurotransmitter is excitatory depends on the response of the postsynaptic receptor.​

On the basis of what evidence were the properties of synapses first inferred?​

Sherrington studied ____,which are automatic muscular responses to stimuli.​

Only sensory neurons are found in a reflex arc.​

Metabotropic synapses use a large variety of transmitters.​

The amount of temporal summation depends on the rate of stimulation.​

At synapses,the cell that receives the message is called the presynaptic neuron.​

Neurotransmitter levels in the brain can be affected by changes in diet.​

Charles S.Sherrington was the first to infer the properties of ____.​

Generally speaking,a neuron will release a greater number of neurotransmitters than what it will respond to with its own receptors.

Electrical communication between neurons is faster than chemical communication within neurons.

Transmission of information between neurons occurs in the same way as transmission along an axon.

Most neurons release more than one kind of neurotransmitter.

Most of the brain's excitatory ionotropic synapses use the neurotransmitter glutamate.

Gases can be used as neurotransmitters.

Specialized junctions between neurons are called ____.

The circuit from sensory neuron to muscle response is called ____.

Spatial summation is the result of synaptic inputs from different locations arriving at the same time.

Inhibitory synapses actively suppress excitatory responses.

Most of the known neurotransmitters are synthesized from amino acids.

Whether or not a neurotransmitter is excitatory depends on the response of the postsynaptic receptor.

On the basis of what evidence were the properties of synapses first inferred?

Sherrington studied ____,which are automatic muscular responses to stimuli.

Only sensory neurons are found in a reflex arc.

Metabotropic synapses use a large variety of transmitters.

The amount of temporal summation depends on the rate of stimulation.

At synapses,the cell that receives the message is called the presynaptic neuron.

Neurotransmitter levels in the brain can be affected by changes in diet.

Charles S.Sherrington was the first to infer the properties of ____.