Question 1

Frey's syndrome results from injury to:

Accepted Answer

Frey's syndrome results from injury to the auriculotemporal nerve. The damaged nerve, in effort to repair, joins with sympathetic fibers that lead to sweating, flushing, and warmth to temporal areas. Minor's starch-iodine test can be use to determine sweating preauricular area. The condition can be treated with local atropine injections or scopolamine creams.

Question 2

Leukemia is mainly treated with radiation and chemotherapy. What are the two types of chemotherapy used in the treatment of leukemia?

Accepted Answer

The two types of chemotherapy used in the treatment of leukemia are induction chemotherapy and maintenance chemotherapy. The purpose of induction chemotherapy is to force the leukemia into remission by using high dosages of chemotherapy. Maintenance chemotherapy is used to keep leukemia in remission by administering low doses of chemotherapy over a longer period. To treat the central nervous system, radiation must be used since chemotherapy fails to cross the blood-brain barrier. Transfusions are used to control bleeding issues and bone marrow transplants can be used for those in remission.

Question 3

Androgenic steroids to stimulate bone marrow are used as a treatment for:

Accepted Answer

Androgenic steroids to stimulate bone marrow are used as a treatment for aplastic anemia. Antibiotics, blood transfusions, bone marrow transplantation, and immunomodulatory therapy are additional treatment options. However, the mortality rate is < 80 percent.

Question 4

Agranulocytosis is a severe depletion of:

Accepted Answer

Agranulocytosis is a sever depletion of neutrophils. The depletion can be due to inadequate production or exposure to drugs that destroy faster than the body can produce. However, congenital syndromes can reduce granulocytes leading to agranulocytosis. Treatment is chlorhexidine mouth rinses, antibiotics, removal of any depletion inducing drugs, and good oral hygiene.

Question 5

What syndrome displays freckle-like spots on the hands, oral mucosa, and perioral skin?

Accepted Answer

Peutz-Jeghers syndrome displays freckle-like spots on the hands, oral mucosa, and perioral skin. The freckle-like spots are not considered cancerous, but there is an association with intestinal polyposis, GI adenomas, ovarian, pancreatic, and breast carcinoma. The spots are usually small blue-gray macules in the vermillion zone, buccal mucosa, tongue, mouth, nose, anus, genital areas, and vermillion zone.

Question 6

Ginglymodiarthrodial joints connect the lower jaw to the skull. What type of movement do these joints display?

Accepted Answer

Ginglymodiarthrodial joints connect the lower jaw to the skull. The movement displayed is freely movable. The Ginglymodiarthrodial joints are described as gliding and hinged joints.

Question 7

Storage phosphor imaging systems use what color light to create X-ray image?

Accepted Answer

Storage phosphor imaging systems use a blue light to create X-ray image. The phosphor screens are exposed to ionizing radiation, which activates BaFBR:EU+2 crystals that stores the image. The laser promotes the release of the crystals in the form of blue light. The image is reconstructed digitally when the blue light is scanned.

Question 8

What is the proper term when the maxillary juts out beyond the sagittal plane, causing a misalignment of occlusion?

Accepted Answer

When the maxillary juts out beyond the sagittal plane causing a misalignment of occlusion, it is a maxillary prognathism. When this condition is not due to geographical phenotypes or heredity, it may be due to injury or disease. Micrognathism is a condition in which the jaw is undersized and should not be confused with maxillary prognathism.

Question 9

Bilabial creates the sounds associated with the letters b, p, and m. It is created when lips are pressed together. These and other speech sounds are considered:

Accepted Answer

Bilabial creates the sounds associated with the letters b, p, and m. It is created when lips are pressed together. These and other speech sounds are anatomic sound formations. Speech formation biomechanically contains air cavities (specific volume), pistons (volume initiator), and air valves (volume regulator).

Question 10

What does the masticatory system consist of?

Accepted Answer

The masticatory system consists of the mandible. The mandible is connected to the temporomandibular joint. This connection allows for the rotation and gliding function of the masticatory muscles.

Question 11

When teeth cannot be retained during a maxillary protrusion modification, the technique used is:

Accepted Answer

When correcting maxillary protrusion and the teeth cannot be retained, the Dean's intraseptal alveoloplasty technique should be used. The advantages of this technique includes the reduction of the alveolar, the maintained relationship of periosteal and the underlying bone, and it offers the least amount of disturbance to the alveolar ridge muscle attachment.

Question 12

For successful dental implants, it may be necessary to perform a/an:

Accepted Answer

For successful dental implants, it may be necessary to perform a bone graft. This is done to correct bone deficiency from periodontal disease, trauma, anatomical voids, or infection. The bone can be built-up in height and width from oral or hip autografts, cadavers, bovine, or alloplastic grafts.

Question 13

Retraction cords assist in:

Accepted Answer

Retraction cords assist in gingiva tension. Prior to receiving a crown, the gingiva is pulled back to ensure a proper impression can be made. The cord should be 2mm under the separated gingiva.

Question 14

For remineralization of onset lesions to take place, what must be ample?

Accepted Answer

For remineralization of onset lesions to take place fluoride must be ample. Fluoride in large amounts naturalizes pH levels, allowing the remineralizing and seizes structural collapse.

Question 15

When the alveolar bone is sufficient and deeply embedded to support normal usage of the crown, the tooth has proper:

Accepted Answer

When the alveolar bone is sufficient and deeply embedded to support normal usage of the crown, the tooth has proper crown-to-root ratio. The crown-to-root ratio can be disrupted by gingivitis, trauma to the root or crown, or degradation of the alveolar bone.

Question 16

A patient complains of pain on the right side of the mouth. Three caries are immediately visible. The teeth are prepared for fillings. What material is used?

Accepted Answer

A patient complains of pain on the right side of the mouth. Three caries are immediately visible. The teeth are prepared for fillings. The material used is gutta percha, due to its non-toxic biological compatibility, low-melting point of 115Â°, malleability and ductility, or permanent deformation without rupture.

Question 17

Vital pulp therapy:

Accepted Answer

Vital pulp therapy is to prevent inflammation, infection, and necrosis. Pulp exposure can incur from caries, restorative treatments, and trauma. Vital pulp therapy should begin within 24 hours of pulp exposure. If the pulp cannot be saved or necrosis has set-in, the most prevalent options is root canal or extraction.

Question 18

Nikolsky's sign is the rubbing of uninvolved mucosa resulting in a blister. This is a sign and symptom of what vesiculobullous disease?

Accepted Answer

Nikolsky's sign is the rubbing of uninvolved mucosa resulting in a blister. This is a sign and symptom of penphigus vulgaris. Additional signs and symptoms include oral lesions that appear before skin involvement, tzanck cells, and intraepithelial cleft formation. The condition is rare, but usually seen in adults and has equal distribution among genders. It can be fatal if left untreated with aggressive steroid therapy and immunosuppressive drugs.

Question 19

What is the most common odontogenic cyst?

Accepted Answer

Dentigerous cysts are the most common odontogenic cyst. The cyst develops by enveloping the crown of an unerupted tooth and attaches to the cementoenamel junction when the follicle form and the crown separate. The cyst is common in mandibular third molars and maxillary canines of those >30 years of age. Although large cysts are asymptomatic, large cysts can cause bone expansion or cause facial asymmetry. Treatment is removal of the cyst and infected tooth.

Question 20

What item used as "universal precaution" may harm healthcare workers and patients?

Accepted Answer

Gloves may harm healthcare workers and patients if the gloves are latex and individuals are allergic. Signs and symptoms include itchy eyes, burning skin sensation, shock, hives, and rhinorrhea. Latex-free gloves are available.

Quiz 1: Dental Board