In United States v. Mead Corporation, where Mead sued Customs when it changed the classification of the planners Mead imported which resulted in Mead having to pay a 4% tariff, the Supreme Court held that:

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In United States v. Mead Corporation, the Supreme Court held that Customs' tariff classification rulings are not entitled to Chevron deference unless Congress has indicated that such rulings carry the force of law. This decision means that while Customs' rulings are given respect, they do not automatically have the same authority as federal law, and their classifications can be challenged in court. The case did not conclude with Mead not owing any tariffs, a compromise tariff, or the case being thrown out for lack of evidence, nor did it establish that all Customs rulings are equivalent to federal law.

In United States V