Question 1

More than 90% of nonprofit organizations that currently exist were created after 1950.

Accepted Answer

The vast majority of nonprofit organizations have been established in the latter half of the 20th century, reflecting a significant growth in the nonprofit sector post-1950 due to increasing societal needs, changes in government policy, and the evolution of philanthropy.

Question 2

Values related to the means for achieving ends, such as self-sufficiency or honesty, are commonly referred to as instrumental values.

Accepted Answer

Instrumental values are indeed the values that relate to the means for achieving ends, emphasizing how one should behave to achieve certain goals, with examples including self-sufficiency, honesty, and responsibility.

Question 3

By requirement of its bylaws, the executive director of the American Occupational Therapy Association must be an occupational therapy practitioner.

Accepted Answer

The executive director of the American Occupational Therapy Association (AOTA) does not need to be an occupational therapy practitioner according to the organization's bylaws. The role is typically more focused on management, leadership, and operational aspects of the association rather than providing occupational therapy services directly.

Question 4

An advantage of being a manager in a nonprofit organization is that you can focus on quality and need not worry about your department's contribution to an operating margin (e.g., profit).

Accepted Answer

While nonprofit organizations prioritize their mission and service quality, managers still need to be concerned with financial sustainability, including how their departments contribute to the overall financial health of the organization. Operating margins are important for ensuring the nonprofit can continue its mission over time.

Question 5

A view of organizations as different from other types of social groups, as benefiting from specific goals, as highly formalized, and as functioning through the implementation of rules would best be called:

Accepted Answer

This view aligns with a rational systems perspective, which emphasizes formal structures, specific goals, and rule-based operation in organizations, distinguishing them from more informal or loosely organized social groups.

Question 6

Which of the following is not a commonly recognized result/outcome of shared values in the workplace?

Accepted Answer

Shared values in the workplace are primarily focused on aligning employee behaviors, enhancing organizational culture, and connecting the organization's mission with broader societal values. They are less about providing direction for establishing the organization's mission, which is typically a strategic decision made by top management rather than a direct outcome of shared values among employees.

Question 7

Which of the following was not identified in Chapter 4 as a level of analysis for understanding organizational culture?

Accepted Answer

Personal values are not identified as a level of analysis for understanding organizational culture in Chapter 4. The levels of analysis typically include observable culture, shared values, and common assumptions, focusing on collective rather than individual attributes.

Question 8

Which of the following is a type of organizational structure in which personnel are organized according to the product that they produce rather than according to the specific function that they complete or according to departments based upon education or training?

Accepted Answer

Service line organizational structure groups personnel and resources based on the specific products or services they are involved in producing, rather than by their function, department, or professional expertise. This approach is designed to enhance focus on product development, customer service, and innovation specific to each product line.

Question 9

In regard to an occupational therapy department manager concerned about his or her department, influencing factors from the legislative arena, the technology arena, and the sociocultural arena are most accurately described as factors from which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Legislative, technology, and sociocultural factors are external to an organization and influence it from the outside. These are part of the external environment that an occupational therapy department manager must consider, as they are beyond the direct control of the department but significantly affect its operations and strategies.

Question 10

Which of the following is true in regard to AOTA and the concepts of associations and bureaucracies?

Accepted Answer

AOTA, or the American Occupational Therapy Association, encompasses both the association aspect, which includes voluntary members such as occupational therapists, and the bureaucracy aspect, which includes the paid staff members who manage the day-to-day operations. This dual structure is common in many professional organizations.

Question 11

Which of the following is most accurate in regard to the differences between a nonprofit and a for-profit organization?

Accepted Answer

Nonprofit organizations reinvest any excess revenues back into the organization to further their mission, while for-profit organizations distribute excess revenues to shareholders or owners as profits or dividends. This is a fundamental difference in how the two types of organizations handle their finances.

Question 12

A visual representation of the major functions of an organization by department, the relationship of functions or departments, the channels of supervision, the lines of authority and of communication, and positions by job title within departments or units is most accurately called:

Accepted Answer

An organizational chart is the correct term for a visual representation that outlines the major functions of an organization by department, showing relationships, channels of supervision, lines of authority and communication, and positions by job title within departments or units.

Question 13

A shared set of basic assumptions or shared way of doing things that is based upon the underlying values and beliefs of the members of a particular society or of a group might best be called a(n):

Accepted Answer

Organizational culture refers to the shared beliefs, values, and practices that characterize how an organization operates and how its members interact with each other and with stakeholders outside the organization. It encompasses the underlying assumptions and ways of doing things that are common within the group, influencing behavior and decision-making.

Question 14

Rebecca works part-time for AOTA as an associate in the Practice Department. When she functions in this paid work role, it is appropriate to say she is working within a structure most accurately described as a(n):

Accepted Answer

The answer of Rebecca works part-time for AOTA as an...

Question 15

A type of system that is capable of self-maintenance within a larger context or environment, and in which the influences of internal and external environments are keenly recognized, is best called a(n):

Accepted Answer

Open systems organization is the correct term for a system that maintains itself within a larger context or environment, recognizing the influences of both internal and external environments. This concept emphasizes the exchange of resources and information with the environment, which is a key characteristic of open systems.

Question 16

Two types of values related to the means to achieve the ends, as well as the ends a person wishes to achieve, are commonly referred to as:

Accepted Answer

Instrumental values refer to the means or modes of behavior by which we achieve our goals, while terminal values refer to the end-goals or life goals that individuals consider most important or desirable.

Question 17

An organizational chart is a management tool that:

Accepted Answer

An organizational chart visually represents the structure of an organization, including its departments, positions, and the relationships and relative ranks of its parts and positions/jobs. It outlines how the organization is constructed and how its various parts communicate and collaborate, showing lines of authority and responsibility.

Question 18

Which of the following is not a commonly cited purpose of the organizational structures discussed in this chapter?

Accepted Answer

Structures do not dictate administrative policies and procedures; rather, they provide a framework within which policies and procedures can be developed and implemented.

Question 19

A commonly recognized form of organizing in hospital systems where a managerial hierarchy is duplicated for physicians and nonphysicians would best be called:

Accepted Answer

The dual pyramid model is a form of organizing in hospital systems where there is a separate but parallel managerial hierarchy for physicians and nonphysicians, reflecting the distinct administrative structures for clinical and non-clinical staff.

Question 20

The primary characteristic of double-loop (generative) learning would best be described as which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Double-loop (generative) learning involves questioning and potentially altering the underlying assumptions and policies that frame problems and solutions, emphasizing continuous experimentation and feedback. This approach contrasts with single-loop learning, which focuses on solving problems within existing frameworks without questioning underlying assumptions.

Quiz 4: Understanding and Working Within Organizations