In the mid-19th century in Europe, a tonic mixture of Bordeaux wine and natural cocaine extracted from cocoa leaves developed by French chemist Ange-François Mariani (1821-1873) was sold as a curative for medicinal and recreational purposes to "rev up" the body. Athletes would consume the drink to ward off fatigue, sometimes during the actual sport performance!

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Angelo Mariani, a French chemist, indeed created a tonic known as Vin Mariani in the 1860s, which combined Bordeaux wine with coca leaf extract, containing cocaine. It became widely popular for its supposed medicinal benefits, including as a stimulant for athletes.

In the Mid-19th Century in Europe, a Tonic Mixture of Bordeaux