Question 1

For the past two days,Gertruda has been hallucinating.She alternates between being overattentive to every little sight and sound in the room and being a bit sleepy and less alert.She cannot maintain a coherent conversation because she seems to forget everything very quickly,and she uses nonsensical words.Gertruda has ____.

Accepted Answer

Gertruda is exhibiting symptoms of delirium which includes changes in attention, awareness, and thinking. This can be caused by various medical conditions such as infections, drug reactions, or metabolic disturbances. The symptoms can fluctuate and may include confusion, disorientation, memory problems, and hallucinations. Dementia is a more chronic condition that involves a decline in memory and thinking skills over time. A dissociation syndrome involves a disruption in normal consciousness and identity, often associated with trauma or stress. Huntington's disease is a genetic disorder that affects movement and thinking abilities.

Question 2

You are required to find and critique a movie that portrays a neuropsychological disorder.You are looking for a movie in which a person's ability to be fully aware of the world around him is impaired.In other words,you are looking for a movie that portrays a(n)____.

Accepted Answer

The best choice is B) consciousness disturbance which refers to any neurological disorder that impairs a person's ability to be fully aware of the world around them. Examples of movies that portray this disorder include "Memento" and "Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind." These movies depict characters who struggle to maintain a sense of reality and to remember important information due to various cognitive impairments.

Question 3

If Dr.Thomas is concerned whether her patient has anosognosia or may be unconsciously denying their symptoms,she could perform a Wada test.By temporarily "turning off" ____,she can ask the patient to report any experience of ____.

Accepted Answer

The Wada test involves temporarily anesthetizing either the left or right hemisphere of the brain to assess language and memory functions. By doing so, the physician can ask the patient to report any experience of paralysis or other symptoms. This test can help diagnose anosognosia, a condition where patients are unaware of their own neurological symptoms or deny their existence. Other brain regions listed in options A and C are not directly related to anosognosia or motor symptoms. Option D, the corpus callosum, is typically tested with the split-brain experiment and not used to diagnose anosognosia.

Question 4

If a person damages any part of the system that interprets information brought in through the body's senses,that person would experience ____.

Accepted Answer

Perceptual disturbances occur when there is damage or dysfunction to the brain or sensory system that affects how sensory information is interpreted and processed. This can lead to hallucinations, sensory distortions, and other disruptions in perception. Cognitive dissonance refers to a psychological phenomenon where a person experiences conflicting thoughts or beliefs, while a consciousness disturbance would involve a disruption to overall awareness or consciousness. Neurodegeneration refers to the progressive loss of neurons in the brain, which can lead to degenerative conditions such as Alzheimer's disease.

Question 5

In cases in which consciousness is impaired due to widespread damage to both sides of the cerebral cortex,what would be the most likely cause?

Accepted Answer

The answer of In cases in which consciousness is impaired...

Question 6

As a clinical neuropsychologist,Jasper meets with a lot of patients who have various disorders.Jasper finds that it is difficult to test people with delirium,mostly because ____.

Accepted Answer

Delirium is a state of confusion and disorientation that results from an underlying medical condition. Patients with delirium often have impaired attention, thinking, and memory, which can make it difficult for them to cooperate with testing. They may be distracted or agitated, leading to inaccurate test results.

Question 7

Sam had a cerebrovascular accident,causing him to become paralyzed in the left arm and leg.His doctor asked him,"So,what seems to be wrong with you?" Sam answered,"Nothing,Doc.I'm perfectly normal." From this information,you can conclude that Sam has ____.

Accepted Answer

The fact that Sam denies having any problem despite obvious symptoms of paralysis suggests anosognosia, a condition where the patient is unaware of their impaired motor functions or neurological deficits. This is often associated with damage to the right hemisphere of the brain.

Question 8

Nigel is undergoing the Wada test.Suddenly,he becomes weak on the left side of his body.This means that he ____.

Accepted Answer

The Wada test is a procedure used to determine which hemisphere of the brain is dominant for language. During the test, a drug is injected into one of the carotid arteries, which temporarily paralyzes one hemisphere. If the patient becomes weak on the left side of the body, it means that the right hemisphere is dominant for language, because the left hemisphere controls the right side of the body.

Question 9

Kareena has hemiparesis.From this information,you know that she has ____.

Accepted Answer

Hemiparesis refers to weakness on one side of the body, and is often caused by damage to the motor pathways in the brain or spinal cord. It is not specific to any particular cause or location of damage, so options A, C, and D cannot be determined solely based on this symptom.

Question 10

Anosognosia can have serious consequences because ____.

Accepted Answer

Anosognosia can lead to serious consequences because the patient is unaware of their condition and, as a result, is unlikely to seek treatment.

Question 11

All that you know about Alejandra is she has a perceptual disturbance that is affecting her "where" visual perception system.This damage can result in the experience of ____.

Accepted Answer

Simultanagnosia is a condition in which the individual is unable to perceive the visual field as a whole, instead perceiving only isolated objects. This relates specifically to damage in the "where" visual perception system, and is the best choice as it relates directly to Alejandra's perceptual disturbance. Visual agnosia is a condition in which the individual is unable to recognize objects despite having intact sensory function, receptive aprosodia is a language disorder affecting speech comprehension, and Korsakoff's syndrome is a neurological disorder often caused by alcohol abuse resulting in memory loss and confusion. None of these conditions specifically relate to damage in the "where" visual perception system.

Question 12

Vicki has been diagnosed with anosognosia.Knowing what you have learned from the textbook,Vicki ____.

Accepted Answer

Anosognosia is a neurological condition where a person is unaware of their illness or condition due to damage to the right side of the brain.

Question 13

Yasuo has damaged his reticular formation.He is most likely to develop ____.

Accepted Answer

The reticular formation is responsible for regulating arousal and consciousness. Damage to this area can result in a persistent vegetative state, which is a state of wakeful unconsciousness where the individual lacks awareness of their surroundings and cannot communicate. Choices A, B, and C are not associated with damage to the reticular formation.

Question 14

Rosie is paralyzed on one side of her body but does not seem to be aware of it.The most likely explanation of her condition is ____.

Accepted Answer

Rosie's condition is likely due to a true lack of awareness, a phenomenon often associated with certain types of brain injuries or neurological conditions, such as those affecting the right parietal lobe, leading to a condition known as anosognosia. This condition is characterized by a lack of awareness or denial of one's own disability or impairment.

Question 15

After a car accident,Astor is in a coma and Cody is in a persistent vegetative state.If the same brain area is implicated in each of their situations,it would most likely be the ____.

Accepted Answer

The reticular formation is responsible for regulating arousal and alertness in the brain. Damage to this area can result in a coma or persistent vegetative state. The hippocampus is responsible for memory processing, the cerebellum for motor control, and the thalamus for sensory processing. These areas may also be affected by brain injury, but they are not primarily involved in regulating consciousness.

Question 16

Kevin learns that his ex-girlfriend,Brittany,has been diagnosed with delirium.Unfamiliar with this disorder,he visits a medical website and learns that delirium is caused by ____,and the effects tend to be ____.

Accepted Answer

Delirium is usually caused by infections, such as urinary tract infections or pneumonia, and can often be temporary or reversible with proper treatment. It is not typically caused by a genetic disorder, and is not considered a permanent state.

Question 17

Delirium can be caused by a number of factors.The least likely of these is ____.

Accepted Answer

While severe anxiety can contribute to a state of confusion, it is not usually the primary cause of delirium. The other options (poisoning, medication side effects, and infections) are more commonly associated with delirium.

Question 18

Damage to the "what" perceptual systems may result in the experience of ____.

Accepted Answer

Prosopagnosia, also known as face blindness, is a condition resulting from damage to the perceptual systems involved in face recognition.

Question 19

Marta studies patients who have hemiparesis.She believes that a person's coping strategy can predict how likely they are to deny their paralysis.She asks family members of each patient to recall how the person dealt with stress prior to the onset of hemiparesis.One problem with this approach is the potential for ____ when the family is asked to recall information about coping and denial.

Accepted Answer

The problem with this approach is the potential for retrospective bias, which is the distortion of memories or recall of past events based on current knowledge or beliefs. The family members may unknowingly alter or exaggerate the patient's coping strategies in light of their current situation.

Question 20

Joey has a visual agnosia.When he looks at a drawing of a flower,you should expect that he ____.

Accepted Answer

Visual agnosia is a disorder characterized by the inability to recognize or make sense of visual stimuli despite having normal eyesight. However, individuals with visual agnosia can often still draw objects from memory because the act of drawing does not rely on the same cognitive processes involved in recognizing or naming objects.

Quiz 18: Neuropsychology

You are required to find and critique a movie that portrays a neuropsychological disorder.You are looking for a movie in which a person's ability to be fully aware of the world around him is impaired.In other words,you are looking for a movie that portrays a(n) ____.

If Dr.Thomas is concerned whether her patient has anosognosia or may be unconsciously denying their symptoms,she could perform a Wada test.By temporarily "turning off" ,she can ask the patient to report any experience of .