Question 1

The nurse is reviewing the physician's documentation in the record of a child admitted with a diagnosis of intussusception. The nurse expects to note that the physician has documented the presence of:

Accepted Answer

Currant jelly-type stools are a classic symptom of intussusception, caused by mixing of blood and mucus in the stool.

Question 2

The nurse is preparing to care for a newborn infant following creation of a colostomy for the treatment of imperforate anus. In the immediate postoperative period, the nurse plans to inspect the stoma, knowing that it is expected to be:

Accepted Answer

A healthy stoma should appear red and may be slightly edematous (swollen) immediately after surgery, indicating adequate blood supply and normal inflammation response.

Question 3

The nurse is collecting data on an infant with a diagnosis of suspected Hirschsprung's disease. Which of the following questions to the mother will most specifically elicit information regarding this disorder?

Accepted Answer

Hirschsprung's disease is characterized by a lack of nerve cells in parts of the intestine, leading to severe constipation or intestinal obstruction. Foul-smelling, ribbon-like stools are a specific symptom of this condition, as the stool can be thin due to the difficulty passing through the narrowed part of the intestine.

Question 4

The nurse is caring for a child who was brought to the clinic complaining of severe abdominal pain and is suspected of having acute appendicitis. The child is lying on the examining table, with the knees pulled up toward the chest. The nurse assists the physician with further assessment of the progression of the child's pain, knowing that the physician will palpate the abdomen:

Accepted Answer

The correct location for palpation when assessing for appendicitis is midway between the right anterior superior iliac crest and the umbilicus, known as McBurney's point. This area is typically tender in cases of acute appendicitis.

Question 5

The nurse has provided dietary instructions to the mother of a child with celiac disease. The nurse determines that the mother understands the instructions when the mother states to include which of the following in the child's diet?

Accepted Answer

Corn is gluten-free and safe for consumption by individuals with celiac disease, unlike wheat, rye, and oats, which contain gluten and should be avoided.

Question 6

The nurse is developing a plan of care for an infant being admitted with hypertrophic pyloric stenosis who is scheduled for pyloromyotomy. In the preoperative period, the nurse suggests to document in the plan of care to position the child:

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse is developing a plan of...

Question 7

The nurse is assigned to care for an infant following a cleft lip repair. The nurse is asked to observe the parent in the procedure for cleaning the lip repair site. The nurse determines that the parent is performing the procedure correctly if the parent uses which of the following solutions to clean the site?

Accepted Answer

Sterile water is the appropriate choice for cleaning a cleft lip repair site because it is gentle, reduces the risk of infection, and does not irritate the sensitive tissue.

Question 8

The nurse is preparing a plan of care for an infant who will be returning from the recovery room following the surgical repair of a cleft lip located on the right side of the lip. On return from the recovery room, the nurse plans to position the infant:

Accepted Answer

Positioning the infant on the left side helps to prevent aspiration and keeps pressure off the surgical site, promoting healing and reducing the risk of injury to the area that was repaired.

Question 9

The nursing student is asked to administer a tepid bath to a child with a fever. The student avoids which of the following when performing this procedure?

Accepted Answer

Applying alcohol-soaked cloths over the child's body is avoided because alcohol can be absorbed through the skin or inhaled, leading to potential toxicity. Tepid baths for fever management should use plain water to safely reduce body temperature.

Question 10

A nurse is caring for a hospitalized child who is receiving a continuous infusion of intravenous (IV) potassium for the treatment of dehydration. The nurse monitors the child closely and notifies the physician if which of the following is noted?

Accepted Answer

A decrease in urine output to 0.5 mL/kg/hr is concerning when a child is receiving IV potassium because it may indicate renal impairment, which can lead to dangerous levels of potassium in the blood (hyperkalemia). Proper kidney function is crucial for the elimination of potassium; thus, a significant decrease in urine output requires immediate medical attention.

Question 11

A female adolescent with type 1 diabetes mellitus has been chosen for her school's cheerleading squad. She visits the school nurse to obtain information regarding adjustments needed in her treatment plan for diabetes. The school nurse instructs the student to:

Accepted Answer

For a female adolescent with type 1 diabetes mellitus engaging in increased physical activity, such as cheerleading, it's important to prevent hypoglycemia. Consuming additional carbohydrates, like six graham crackers or a cup of orange juice, before practice or game time can provide the necessary energy and help maintain blood glucose levels, preventing a drop that could lead to hypoglycemia. The other options could lead to either hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia, which are not advisable.

Question 12

The nurse has been caring for an adolescent newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. The nurse provides instructions to the adolescent regarding the administration of insulin. The nurse tells the adolescent to:

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse has been caring for an...

Question 13

The clinic nurse is caring for an infant who has been diagnosed with primary hypothyroidism. The nurse is reviewing the results of the laboratory tests and would expect to note which of the following?

Accepted Answer

In primary hypothyroidism, the thyroid gland is underactive and does not produce enough thyroid hormones. This leads to an elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level because the pituitary gland releases more TSH in an attempt to stimulate the thyroid gland to produce more thyroid hormones.

Question 14

A nursing student is caring for a hospitalized child who has hypotonic dehydration. The nursing instructor asks the student to describe this type of dehydration. The instructor determines that the nursing student understands the physiology associated with this type of dehydration if the student states which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Hypotonic dehydration occurs when the loss of electrolytes (sodium in particular) is greater than the loss of water, leading to a decrease in serum sodium levels, not an increase or equal loss as suggested by the other options.

Question 15

The nurse is caring for an infant with gastroenteritis who is being treated for dehydration. The nurse reviews the health record and notes that the physician has documented that the infant is mildly dehydrated. Which of the following assessment findings would the nurse find in a child with mild dehydration?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse is caring for an infant...

Question 16

The nurse is talking to the parents of a child newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. The nurse determines that the parents have a proper understanding of preventing and managing hypoglycemia if the parents state that they will:

Accepted Answer

Carrying a glucose source when leaving home is a recommended practice for managing potential hypoglycemic events in individuals with diabetes. It ensures that a quick-acting source of sugar is readily available to treat low blood sugar symptoms, preventing the situation from worsening.

Question 17

The nurse provides instructions to the parent of a newborn to bring the infant to the well -baby clinic for a phenylketonuria (PKU) rescreening blood test. The parent brings the infant to the clinic, and the blood test is drawn. The results of the test indicate a serum phenylalanine level of 1.0 mg/dL. The nurse interprets these results as:

Accepted Answer

A serum phenylalanine level of 1.0 mg/dL is considered normal, indicating a negative result for phenylketonuria (PKU).

Question 18

The nurse is reviewing the physician's prescriptions for a child hospitalized with nephrotic syndrome. Which of the following dietary prescriptions would the nurse expect to be prescribed for the child?

Accepted Answer

Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, and edema. A normal protein, mild sodium diet is recommended to replace lost protein and reduce edema without exacerbating the condition. High salt intake is avoided to prevent worsening of the edema.

Question 19

A nursing student caring for a 6-month-old infant is asked to collect a sample for urinalysis from the infant. The student collects the specimen by:

Accepted Answer

Attaching a urinary collection device to the infant's perineum is a common and non-invasive method for collecting urine samples from infants. This method minimizes discomfort and the risk of infection.

Question 20

The nurse is collecting data on a child recently diagnosed with glomerulonephritis. Which of the following questions to the mother would elicit data associated with the cause of this disease?

Accepted Answer

Glomerulonephritis is often associated with a recent history of streptococcal infection, such as a sore throat, which can precede the renal condition by a few weeks.

Quiz 2: Child Health