Question 1

Compared to Japan, Korea, and Vietnam, the "second half-circle" made up of Manchuria, Mongolia, Central Asia, and Tibet (Global Perspective, pp. 218-219)

Accepted Answer

The "second half-circle" regions of Manchuria, Mongolia, Central Asia, and Tibet are known for their harsher climates compared to Japan, Korea, and Vietnam. These areas experience more extreme weather conditions, including colder temperatures and less rainfall, which can make agriculture and settled lifestyles more challenging.

Question 2

Korea's three largest archaic states between 313 and 668 were

Accepted Answer

The three largest archaic states in Korea during this period were Goguryeo (often romanized as Koryo), Silla, and Baekje (Paekche). These states played significant roles in the history of Korea until they were unified under the Silla kingdom in the late 7th century through the process known as the Three Kingdoms Period.

Question 3

Weaknesses of the Koryo economy included

Accepted Answer

The Koryo economy suffered from several weaknesses, including an absence of money, a significant gap between the rich and poor, and a high percentage of the population being enslaved. These factors collectively contributed to the economic challenges faced by the Koryo dynasty.

Question 4

Vietnam can be compared to

Accepted Answer

Vietnam is often compared to two baskets on a carrying pole due to its geographical shape, with the Red River Delta in the north and the Mekong Delta in the south, connected by a long, narrow strip of land.

Question 5

Samurai warriors were recruited from

Accepted Answer

Samurai were primarily recruited from the local nobility, forming a warrior class that served the daimyos and shogunate in feudal Japan.

Question 6

New offices outside the Chinese system at Kyoto included

Accepted Answer

New offices created outside the Chinese system at Kyoto included audit officers, a bureau of archivists, and police commissioners, reflecting the adaptation and expansion of administrative structures to meet the specific needs of the Japanese context.

Question 7

The most important clan that became preeminent between 856 and 1072 was the

Accepted Answer

The Fujiwara clan was the most influential and preeminent family in Japan between 856 and 1072, dominating the political scene by marrying their daughters to emperors and acting as regents for minor or puppet emperors, thereby controlling the government.

Question 8

In general, the aristocratic culture of Nara and Heian Japan was

Accepted Answer

The aristocratic culture of Nara and Heian Japan was characterized by a significant distance from the lower-class popular culture, often viewing it with disdain. This period was marked by a refined court culture that focused on art, poetry, and literature, rather than the concerns of the peasantry or militarism.

Question 9

Kana can best be defined as

Accepted Answer

Kana refers to the syllabic scripts used in the Japanese writing system, namely hiragana and katakana, which are used in combination with kanji (Chinese characters) to write the Japanese language.

Question 10

In the Pillow Book, Sei Sh?nagon (Document, pp. 232-233) states that courtly romance

Accepted Answer

Sei Shōnagon, in the Pillow Book, emphasizes the importance of continuous romantic effort, including in the mornings, reflecting the courtly expectations of her time.

Question 11

The two great new Buddhist sects of the Heian era were

Accepted Answer

Tendai and Shingon are the two major Buddhist sects that were introduced to Japan during the Heian period, founded by Saicho and Kukai respectively.

Question 12

Who was responsible for the first bakufu?

Accepted Answer

Yoritomo, more fully Minamoto no Yoritomo, was responsible for establishing the first bakufu, or shogunate, in Kamakura, Japan, in the late 12th century.

Question 13

The Ashikaga shogunate that emerged from the chaos of the early 1300s is best described as

Accepted Answer

The Ashikaga shogunate, also known as the Muromachi shogunate, was characterized by a decentralized power structure with the shogun's authority centered in Kyoto, but with significant power held by regional daimyo (feudal lords). This period saw the emergence of a regional multistate system rather than a tightly controlled unified state.

Question 14

Mahayana, or "Greater Vehicle" Buddhism, is practiced in all of the following areas except
(Religions of the World, pp. 244-245)

Accepted Answer

Thailand primarily practices Theravada Buddhism, which is distinct from Mahayana Buddhism. Mahayana Buddhism is more prevalent in Tibet, China, and Japan.

Question 15

Discuss the influence of Chinese culture on the East Asian culture zone. Why was the Chinese impact greater on Vietnam than on other areas? What was the cultural impact on Korea? Why did Japan eventually become a cultural variant? 
Conceptual

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discuss the influence of Chinese culture on...

Question 16

What were the major characteristics of earlier religions in Japan before the arrival of Buddhism? How did Shintō differ from Buddhism? In what manner was this development different from religions in China? Why was this movement confined to the islands of Japan? 
Conceptual

Accepted Answer

The answer of What were the major characteristics of earlier...

Question 17

What was the agricultural system in use up to 838? Why did the "quota and estate"
system come into existence? What was the role of the samurai in this development? 
Conceptual

Accepted Answer

The answer of What was the agricultural system in use...

Question 18

What were the important cultural contributions of the Nara and Heian periods in Japan? What was the first novel ever written and what was the impact of this book on the Japanese upper class? 
Conceptual

Accepted Answer

The answer of What were the important cultural contributions of...

Question 19

Why was Buddhism popular in Japan? What was the importance of the art forms Mahayana Pantheon and rituals to the Japanese? Do Confucianism and Daoism have important roles in Japanese religion? 
Conceptual

Accepted Answer

The answer of Why was Buddhism popular in Japan? What...

Question 20

How did civil authority shift to military control in Japan? What was the importance of the bakufu? What was the revenue base for the new government after 1180? 
Conceptual

Accepted Answer

The answer of How did civil authority shift to military...

Quiz 9: The Emergence of East Asia: Japan, Korea, and Vietnam

Compared to Japan, Korea, and Vietnam, the "second half-circle" made up of Manchuria, Mongolia, Central Asia, and Tibet (Global Perspective, pp. 218-219)

Korea's three largest archaic states between 313 and 668 were

Weaknesses of the Koryo economy included

Vietnam can be compared to

Samurai warriors were recruited from

New offices outside the Chinese system at Kyoto included

The most important clan that became preeminent between 856 and 1072 was the

In general, the aristocratic culture of Nara and Heian Japan was

Kana can best be defined as

In the Pillow Book, Sei Sh?nagon (Document, pp. 232-233) states that courtly romance

The two great new Buddhist sects of the Heian era were

Who was responsible for the first bakufu?

The Ashikaga shogunate that emerged from the chaos of the early 1300s is best described as

Mahayana, or "Greater Vehicle" Buddhism, is practiced in all of the following areas except (Religions of the World, pp. 244-245)

Discuss the influence of Chinese culture on the East Asian culture zone. Why was the Chinese impact greater on Vietnam than on other areas? What was the cultural impact on Korea? Why did Japan eventually become a cultural variant? Conceptual

What were the major characteristics of earlier religions in Japan before the arrival of Buddhism? How did Shintō differ from Buddhism? In what manner was this development different from religions in China? Why was this movement confined to the islands of Japan? Conceptual

What was the agricultural system in use up to 838? Why did the "quota and estate" system come into existence? What was the role of the samurai in this development? Conceptual

What were the important cultural contributions of the Nara and Heian periods in Japan? What was the first novel ever written and what was the impact of this book on the Japanese upper class? Conceptual

Why was Buddhism popular in Japan? What was the importance of the art forms Mahayana Pantheon and rituals to the Japanese? Do Confucianism and Daoism have important roles in Japanese religion? Conceptual

How did civil authority shift to military control in Japan? What was the importance of the bakufu? What was the revenue base for the new government after 1180? Conceptual