Question 1

Children whose schools had participated in the W.I.T.S. program reported that:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Children whose schools had participated in the...

Question 2

Which characteristic of classrooms is associated with more academic success for students?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which characteristic of classrooms is associated with...

Question 3

Peer tutoring in elementary school is:

Accepted Answer

Peer tutoring in elementary school is beneficial for both the tutor and the student. The tutor reinforces their own learning by teaching the material to someone else, which can enhance their understanding and retention of the subject matter. Meanwhile, the student receives personalized attention and instruction, which can help them grasp concepts more effectively.

Question 4

The Moving to Opportunity study indicates that when low-income families move to middle-income neighborhoods children:

Accepted Answer

The Moving to Opportunity study found that children from low-income families who moved to middle-income neighborhoods showed better health outcomes compared to their counterparts who remained in low-income areas. This improvement in health is attributed to factors like better living conditions, access to quality healthcare, and reduced exposure to environmental hazards and stressors associated with poverty.

Question 5

Most school age children have access to:

Accepted Answer

Most school-age children today have access to a wide range of media, including televisions, video game systems, and computers with Internet access, often all within their own homes.

Question 6

Which is not a predictor of heavy television viewing in school-age children?

Accepted Answer

Urban families are not necessarily predictors of heavy television viewing in school-age children. Factors like having a TV in the bedroom, parents who are heavy users, and belonging to low-income families have been more directly linked to increased television viewing among children. Urban or rural settings do not inherently predict television viewing habits.

Question 7

Viewing violent television programming in childhood is associated with all except:

Accepted Answer

Viewing violent television programming in childhood is associated with desensitization, leading to reduced emotional responses to violent scenes, not heightened ones.

Question 8

Since the introduction of the V-chip:

Accepted Answer

The V-chip technology, introduced to allow parents to block content deemed inappropriate for children, has seen very low usage among parents. Despite its potential to filter violent and adult content, the majority of parents do not utilize this feature.

Question 9

Heavy television viewing has been associated with declines in:

Accepted Answer

Heavy television viewing is associated with declines in children's physical health, peer relationships, and self-esteem, indicating that all the options listed are areas negatively impacted by excessive TV watching.

Question 10

The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that school-age children watch no more than:

Accepted Answer

The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that school-age children watch no more than 2 hours of quality television per day to ensure that screen time does not interfere with sleep, physical activity, and other behaviors essential to health.

Question 11

According to children, in middle childhood fears that surface at night:

Accepted Answer

In middle childhood, fears that surface at night are more frequent than in early childhood.

Question 12

According to parents, in middle childhood fears that surface at night:

Accepted Answer

Nighttime fears tend to decrease in frequency during middle childhood compared to early childhood. This is because as children grow older, they develop better coping mechanisms and understanding of reality versus fantasy, which helps reduce fears that are typically more common in younger children.

Question 13

Compared to children of other cultures, American children are more likely to report a fear of:

Accepted Answer

American children are more likely to report a fear of looking foolish, which reflects the cultural emphasis on individual performance and social evaluation in American society.

Question 14

During middle childhood, everyday fears develop into anxiety disorders that can interfere with daily lives for:

Accepted Answer

About 10% of children develop anxiety disorders during middle childhood, which can significantly interfere with their daily lives. This statistic highlights the prevalence and importance of recognizing and addressing anxiety disorders in children.

Question 15

School refusal seems to be rooted in children's:

Accepted Answer

School refusal is often rooted in feelings of anxiety. Children may avoid or refuse to go to school due to various fears or anxieties related to school, such as fear of failure, social anxiety, or separation anxiety from their parents.

Question 16

John knocks Tim down after Tim bumped into him. John believes that Tim intended to hurt him, even though other children who saw the interaction believes that Tim accidentally bumped John. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Hostile attribution bias refers to the tendency to interpret others' behaviors as having hostile intent, even when the behavior could be interpreted more benignly. In this scenario, John's belief that Tim intended to hurt him, despite evidence to the contrary, exemplifies this bias.

Question 17

Aggressive children are more likely to be each of the following except:

Accepted Answer

Aggressive behavior in children is not directly linked to intelligence levels. Factors such as gender, socioeconomic status, and parental age can influence aggression, but intelligence does not inherently increase or decrease aggression in children.

Question 18

Teacher-led interventions to reduce violence in elementary students have been shown to be:

Accepted Answer

Teacher-led interventions can be effective in reducing violence among elementary students, as they play a crucial role in shaping behaviors and attitudes at a young age.

Question 19

Kenneth Dodge suggests that the roots of aggressive behaviors in children are:

Accepted Answer

Kenneth Dodge's research indicates that aggressive behaviors in children are the result of a complex interplay between biological factors, parental influence, and cultural context. This perspective acknowledges that no single factor is solely responsible, but rather it is the combination of these elements that shapes behavior.

Question 20

The process of developing an ethnic identity is similar in African American and Mexican American children.

Accepted Answer

Both African American and Mexican American children undergo a process of ethnic identity development that involves becoming aware of their ethnic group's cultural, historical, and social characteristics, experiencing various forms of racial or ethnic discrimination, and navigating the influence of their ethnic identity on their personal and social lives. While the specific cultural content and social experiences may differ, the overarching process of developing an ethnic identity, including stages of exploration and commitment, is similar across these groups.

Quiz 12: Social and Emotional Development