Question 1

What is the cause of Luke, Jarrod, Susie, Michael, and Lian's speech sound disorder? (Remember, causes can be known or unknown.)

Accepted Answer

Speech sound disorders can have a variety of causes, and without specific information about Luke, Jarrod, Susie, Michael, and Lian, it is impossible to determine the exact cause of their speech sound disorders. However, I can provide general information on potential causes of speech sound disorders that may apply to them or to individuals in similar situations.

1. **Developmental Disorders**: Sometimes, speech sound disorders are part of a broader developmental disorder such as autism spectrum disorder, Down syndrome, or a general developmental delay.

2. **Hearing Loss**: Even mild hearing loss can affect a child's ability to hear and produce sounds correctly.

3. **Neurological Disorders**: Conditions such as cerebral palsy or a traumatic brain injury can lead to speech sound disorders due to the impact on the muscles and/or brain areas responsible for speech production.

4. **Structural Problems**: Abnormalities in the structure of the oral cavity, such as cleft palate or a tongue tie, can interfere with proper speech production.

5. **Genetic Factors**: There may be a genetic component to speech sound disorders, as they sometimes run in families.

6. **Motor Speech Disorders**: Conditions such as apraxia of speech or dysarthria involve problems with motor planning or muscle weakness, leading to difficulties in producing speech sounds correctly.

7. **Environmental Factors**: Lack of exposure to language, poor speech models, or certain cultural or linguistic environments can contribute to the development of speech sound disorders.

8. **Idiopathic Causes**: In many cases, the cause of a speech sound disorder is unknown, which is referred to as an idiopathic speech sound disorder.

For Luke, Jarrod, Susie, Michael, and Lian, the cause of their speech sound disorder could be one of the above or a combination of factors. A thorough assessment by a speech-language pathologist would be necessary to determine the specific cause(s) and to develop an appropriate treatment plan tailored to their individual needs.

Question 2

Which child has a greater risk of literacy difficulties, Luke or Susie? Why?

Accepted Answer

It is not possible to determine which child, Luke or Susie, has a greater risk of literacy difficulties without more information about their individual circumstances. Risk factors for literacy difficulties can vary widely and may include family history, exposure to language and literacy activities, learning disabilities, and other factors. It is important to consider each child's unique strengths and challenges and to provide appropriate support and intervention as needed. Without more information, it would be unfair and inaccurate to make assumptions about either child's risk of literacy difficulties.

Question 3

Between Luke and Susie, which child is more likely to have a family history of speech, language and/or literacy difficulties? Review each child's case history to see if your prediction aligns with the child's case history information.

Accepted Answer

To provide an accurate answer to the question of which child, Luke or Susie, is more likely to have a family history of speech, language, and/or literacy difficulties, I would need to review the case histories of both children. Since the case histories are not provided in your question, I cannot make a prediction or confirm whether it aligns with the actual information.

In a typical case history review, one would look for any mentions of family members who have had similar difficulties, as these issues can often have a genetic component or be influenced by the home environment. Factors to consider would include:

1. Whether either child has immediate family members (parents, siblings) with a history of speech or language disorders.
2. Whether there is a history of learning disabilities, including dyslexia, in the family, which could affect literacy development.
3. Any reports of developmental delays or educational concerns in the family that might be related to speech, language, or literacy.

If you can provide the case histories for Luke and Susie, I would be able to review the information and give a more informed answer regarding which child is more likely to have a family history of speech, language, and/or literacy difficulties.

Question 4

Do you think that Susie's mixed dentition contributes to her lateralization of /s, z/? Why or why not?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Do you think that Susie's mixed dentition...

Question 5

What case history factors may have contributed to Jarrod having inconsistency speech disorder?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What case history factors may have contributed...

Question 6

What is the defining characteristic of Michael's speech?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the defining characteristic of Michael's...

Question 7

Review Table 16-15 and summarize Michael's difficulty with the production of polysyllabic words.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Review Table 16-15 and summarize Michael's difficulty...

Question 8

Review Table 16-17 and summarize the perceptual characteristics of Lian's speech.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Review Table 16-17 and summarize the perceptual...

Question 9

Review Table 16-18 and list and describe the diacritics evident in Lian's speech sample.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Review Table 16-18 and list and describe...

Question 10

Between Luke and Michael, who do you predict would perform more poorly on a DDK assessment task? Why? Review Luke and Michael's assessment results to see if your predictions were accurate.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Between Luke and Michael, who do you...

Question 11

Do children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have a higher risk of speech, language and/or literacy difficulties?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Do children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder...

Question 12

What is the role of otitis media in speech sound disorders in children? Use the case history information about the five clinical cases (Luke, Jarrod, Susie, Michael, and Lian) as part of your answer.

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the role of otitis media...

Question 13

Compare and contrast the tools used to assess Luke, Jarrod, Michael and Lian's oral structures and function. Why do you think different tools were used with the different children?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compare and contrast the tools used to...

Question 14

Comment on the impact of speech sound disorders on children's lives. Use the case history information and assessment results for Luke and Lian as part of your response.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Comment on the impact of speech sound...

Question 15

Compare and contrast the phonetic inventories of English and Cantonese. In light of your knowledge of the phonetic inventories, do you think that Lian's difficulty with affricates is simply a product of her bilingualism? Why or why not? Appendix 4-2 of McLeod and Baker (2017) has particularly relevant information for this question.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compare and contrast the phonetic inventories of...

Question 16

Compare and contrast Luke, Jarrod, and Michael's difficulties with respect to their production of polysyllables. What do their difficulties with the productions of polysyllables say about the underlying nature of their particular speech sound disorder?

Accepted Answer

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Question 17

Search and critique a recently published case study about a child with a speech sound disorder. How is that child similar and/or different to the clinical cases (Luke, Jarrod, Susie, Michael, and Lian) in

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Question 18

Discuss the importance of gathering and documenting case histories for children with speech sound disorders.

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Question 19

Prepare an alternate assessment plan for either Luke or Michael. Justify your inclusion of the various tasks in your assessment plan, in light of what you know from the child's case history.

Accepted Answer

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Question 20

Develop a case history questionnaire form suitable for the parents of one or more of the clinical cases (Luke, Jarrod, Susie, Michael, and Lian). Explain why you have included the topics and questions on questionnaire.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Develop a case history questionnaire form suitable...

Quiz 16: Individual Children With Speech Sound Disorders: Case Studies