Question 1

According to a 2012 public opinion survey, American voters believe

Accepted Answer

According to various public opinion surveys around that time, a significant portion of American voters believed that the United States had too many people in prison, reflecting concerns about mass incarceration and its societal impacts.

Question 2

Public opinion surveys indicate that respondents believe about ________ percent of the current prison population could be released from prison and not pose a threat to overall public safety.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Public opinion surveys indicate that respondents believe...

Question 3

The Code of Hammurabi provided the basis for criminal and civil law.

Accepted Answer

The Code of Hammurabi is one of the earliest and most complete written legal codes, established by the Babylonian king Hammurabi around 1754 BC. It set out laws covering criminal and civil matters, including contracts, family law, and personal injury, thus providing a basis for both criminal and civil law.

Question 4

The Hebrew legal system is also referred to as the Roman Law.

Accepted Answer

The Hebrew legal system is based on Jewish law (Halacha), which is distinct from Roman Law, originating from ancient Roman legal principles and systems.

Question 5

When the townsfolk expelled Jane from the village, she was banished, but when Joe was sent to a remote location to be used as a laborer, he was transported.

Accepted Answer

Banishment refers to the act of expelling someone from a place, typically as a form of punishment, without necessarily assigning them to labor. Transportation, historically, often involved sending someone to a remote location to perform forced labor, as was common with convicts sent to penal colonies.

Question 6

Men, but not women, were transported from England to the British colonies in Australia.

Accepted Answer

Both men and women were transported from England to the British colonies in Australia as convicts.

Question 7

Old merchant and naval ships that were converted into floating prisons were called chunks.

Accepted Answer

Old merchant and naval ships converted into floating prisons were called "hulks," not "chunks."

Question 8

London's Bridewell House provided an especially good example of the idea that prisoners should be required to work hard at disagreeable tasks.

Accepted Answer

Bridewell House, established in the 16th century in London, was known for its approach to reforming prisoners through hard labor and strict discipline, embodying the idea that prisoners should engage in hard, often disagreeable tasks as part of their punishment and rehabilitation.

Question 9

The first completely independent and physically separate prison for women in the United States was the Indiana Reformatory Institution for Women and Girls.

Accepted Answer

The Indiana Reformatory Institution for Women and Girls, established in 1873, was the first completely independent and physically separate prison for women in the United States, marking a significant development in the approach to women's incarceration.

Question 10

Silence under the Auburn System was enforced through lockstep marching and downcast eyes.

Accepted Answer

The Auburn System, a penal method of the 19th century, enforced discipline through measures including silence, lockstep marching, and requiring prisoners to avoid eye contact by keeping their eyes downcast.

Question 11

The reformatory movement was notable for its equal treatment of both white and black women offenders since race played no role in who was placed in reformatories rather than custodial prisons.

Accepted Answer

The reformatory movement, while progressive in some aspects, did not treat white and black women offenders equally. Racial biases and segregation were prevalent, and race often influenced the treatment of individuals and their placement in reformatories versus custodial prisons.

Question 12

Western states that were able to develop stable prison systems in the nineteenth century likely did so because they kept open the channels of influence from states in the East.

Accepted Answer

Western states often modeled their prison systems after those in the Eastern United States, adopting practices, policies, and architectural designs that had been developed and tested in the East. This transfer of ideas and influence helped Western states establish more stable and effective prison systems during the nineteenth century.

Question 13

As reformers, Progressives differed from those in earlier decades by being professional experts rather than amateur volunteers.

Accepted Answer

Progressives in the late 19th and early 20th centuries often distinguished themselves from earlier reform movements by emphasizing expertise and professional knowledge in their approach to social and political issues, rather than relying solely on moral persuasion or amateur volunteerism.

Question 14

The medical approach argued that society's response to the criminal should be guided by physicians and should rely on medication.

Accepted Answer

The medical approach to crime suggests that criminal behavior is a result of biological or psychological conditions that require treatment. While physicians and medication can be involved, especially in cases of mental illness, the approach is broader and includes various forms of therapy and rehabilitation, not solely medication.

Question 15

The approach taken to women offenders in the late twentieth century argued that since women present low risk to public safety they should receive greater consideration for community-based sentences that do men.

Accepted Answer

This approach is based on the understanding that women, statistically, commit fewer violent crimes and pose a lower risk to public safety compared to men, leading to arguments for more lenient, community-based sentences for women to address the specific needs and circumstances that often lead women to commit crimes.

Question 16

By the late twentieth century, the disproportionately high presence of African-Americans in the nation's prisons had been significantly reduced and the prison population of African-Americans was essentially the same as it was in the general population.

Accepted Answer

By the late twentieth century, the prison population of African-Americans had not been significantly reduced to match their proportion in the general population; instead, African-Americans continued to be disproportionately represented in the nation's prisons.

Question 17

The declining crime rate in the United States can be attributed in part to the increased use of such anticrime technologies as car theft prevention devices.

Accepted Answer

The use of anticrime technologies, including car theft prevention devices, has contributed to the decline in crime rates by making it more difficult for crimes to be successfully committed, thereby acting as a deterrent.

Question 18

The decline in prison admissions has been driven in part by a realization that taxpayers can get a better return on their public safety dollars by investing in diversion programs than in increased reliance on prisons.

Accepted Answer

Diversion programs, which aim to redirect offenders away from the criminal justice system and into treatment or educational programs, have been recognized for their potential to reduce recidivism, improve public safety outcomes, and offer a more cost-effective alternative to incarceration. This understanding has contributed to a shift in some jurisdictions towards these programs and away from an exclusive reliance on prison sentences, thus impacting prison admissions.

Question 19

The ________ Tables, which provided the basis for private rights of Roman citizens, consisted mainly of ancient custom and concerned procedural more than substantive laws.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The ________ Tables, which provided the basis...

Question 20

Transportation was used by England primarily for ________ purposes.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Transportation was used by England primarily for...

Quiz 3: Correctional Practice From Ancient to Contemporary Times