Question 1

Sociological criminology is based on the work of Beccaria and Lombroso.

Accepted Answer

Sociological criminology is largely based on the work of Emile Durkheim, who emphasized the role of society in the development of criminal behavior, rather than Cesare Beccaria and Cesare Lombroso, who are more closely associated with classical criminology and biological theories of crime, respectively.

Question 2

Karl Marx's writings detail his theories on the causes of crime, but fail to address his belief about what should be done to promote justice.

Accepted Answer

Karl Marx's writings, while primarily focused on the causes of crime as rooted in social and economic inequalities, implicitly suggest that the promotion of justice would require the overhaul of capitalist systems to eliminate these inequalities. Marx believed that addressing the root causes of crime (i.e., the conditions created by capitalism) was essential for promoting justice.

Question 3

In Marxism the proletariat control the means of production and the bourgeoisie are the working class.

Accepted Answer

In Marxism, the bourgeoisie are the class that owns the means of production, while the proletariat is the working class that does not own the means of production and sells their labor.

Question 4

The phrase "white collar crime" refers only to criminal acts committed by those in the medical fields.

Accepted Answer

White collar crime refers to financially motivated, nonviolent crime committed by business and government professionals, not just those in the medical fields.

Question 5

Compare and contrast the views of crime held by the consensus, conflict, and interactionist perspectives.

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Question 6

Compare and contrast the classical and positivist perspectives of crime.

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Question 7

During the 1930s and the 1940s, most sociologists embraced either the ecological view or the socialization view of crime. Compare these two views.

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Question 8

Discuss why crime and deviance are often confused. Explain why criminologists are often concerned with the concept of deviance and its relationship to criminality.

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Question 9

Your text discusses several different types of criminological research methods. Select three of these methods and discuss them.

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Question 10

Your text discusses three specific major ethical issues. Discuss these issues using examples to illustrate.

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Question 11

Why would a criminologist choose to conduct a longitudinal study instead of a one-off survey?

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Question 12

You are designing an experimental research plan to examine if harsher prison sentences reduce recidivism. Using what we have learned about experimental design in Chapter 1 of the textbook, how would you structure your experiment?

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Question 13

What are some of the benefits of a criminologist conducting first-hand observation of criminals?

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Question 14

With which criminology philosophical view do you most identify with? Why?

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Quiz 1: Crime and Criminology